The effect of match quality and specific experience on career decisions and wage growth

This paper constructs and estimates a career decision model where individuals search for both careers and firms that are a good match for their idiosyncratic skills using the NLSY79. It departs from previous papers in that career mobility decisions and participation decisions are explicitly modeled. I find substantial returns to career-specific experience. However, college graduates' wage grows little through career-match upgrading, which results in a lower incidence of career changes than high school graduates. The finding suggests that college graduates learn about their suitable careers before they enter a labor market.     

The effect of competitive intensity on the relationship between strategic entrepreneurship and organizational results

International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal - Although the field of strategic entrepreneurship has received much attention in recent years, the relationship of strategic entrepreneurship...     

The effect of collaboration network on inventors' job match,productivity and tenure

It has been argued in the economic literature that job search through informal job networks improves the employer–employee match quality. This paper argues that inventors' research collaboration networks reduce the uncertainty of firms about the match qualities of inventors prior to hiring. We estimate the effect of inventors' collaboration networks on their productivity and mobility using the U.S. patent application database. It is found that networked inventors are more productive and have longer tenure than non-networked inventors. The evidence from fixed-effect regressions shows that the higher productivity and longer tenure of networked inventors are not solely attributable to unobserved ability of inventors or unobserved characteristics of firms. These results are consistent with the job match hypothesis between inventors and firms through their collaboration networks.     

龙头企业知识溢出及集群竞争力的提升效应

产业集群已经成为区域经济发展的动力,知识溢出又是集群持续创新的最主要条件。文章主要研究了集群内龙头企业知识溢出的实现方式,并分析了知识溢出与竞争优势的两难困境,认为龙头企业可以通过集群竞争力的提升效应来克服个体在知识溢出时所造成的负效应。     

The relationship between the valuation effect of equity financing and firm-specific characteristics

The findings of this study indicate that although the overall announcement effect of equity offerings is negative on the issuing firms' common stock prices, 23 percent of the sample firms have a positive two-day announcement period stock abnormal return (CAR). Further tests show that firms in the positive CAR group have significantly higher research and development (R&D) and profitability than firms in the negative CAR group, while the average leverage ratio of firms in the positive CAR group are significantly lower. Results of the regression analysis suggest a positive relation between the price effect and R&D as well as the profitability ratio. It also is found that only in the sample of large R&D firms is the magnitude of R&D significantly associated with the magnitude of announcement effect.     

Human capital and sustainable competitive advantage: an analysis of the relationship between training and performance

This article analyses the importance of training as a creator of human capital, which enables a company to obtain competitive advantages that are sustainable in the long-term that result in greater profitability. The study is based on the general theoretical framework of resource and capacity theory. The study not only analyses the impact of the influence of training on performance; it also attempts to analyse the nature of such a relationship in greater depth. This being the case, an attempt has been made to measure explanatory capacity from two different perspectives: the universalistic approach and the contingent approach. At the outset, two hypotheses are formulated that attempt to quantify the relationship from a universalistic perspective to later, in two more hypotheses, incorporate the potential moderating effect of the strategy into the model, in order to verify whether or not this strategy improves the explanatory power of our model of analysis.

The effect of an ambidextrous supply chain strategy on combinative competitive capabilities and business performance

This study investigates the influence of an ambidextrous supply chain strategy on manufacturers’ combinative competitive capabilities – the ability to excel simultaneously on competitive capabilities of quality, delivery, flexibility, and cost – and, in turn, on business performance. Drawing upon March's (1991) notions of exploration and exploitation, an ambidextrous supply chain strategy is conceptualized as a simultaneous pursuit of both explorative and exploitative supply chain practices. We operationalize this concept as a second-order latent construct that captures the co-variation between exploration and exploitation within the context of a manufacturer's supply chain management strategy. Using survey-based data gathered from 174 U.S. manufacturers, we find that an ambidextrous supply chain strategy coincides with combinative competitive capabilities and business performance. Our empirical finding contradicts conventional wisdom that argues for tradeoffs between exploration and exploitation. Instead, our empirical results are in line with an emerging complementarity view advocating that supply chain managers build practices to gain operational efficiency while simultaneously searching for opportunities to gain operational advantages. In addition, we provide insights regarding the role of combinative capabilities in mediating the relationship between an ambidextrous supply chain strategy and business performance.     

The influence of knowledge management and professionalization on the use of ERP systems and its effect on the competitive advantages of SMEs

ABSTRACT

Although the literature on Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems emphasizes the importance of knowledge management and professionalization in the use of these systems, the factors that mediate these relationships are not sufficiently developed in SMEs. This study proposes the adequate application of knowledge management and professionalization would help to improve the use of ERP systems. The research uses the structural equation approach based on PLS-SEM technique with a sample of 137 Spanish SMEs. The results show that professionalization and knowledge management significantly affect the use of ERP, as well as imply a mediating effect on the competitive advantages of the SMEs.

Abbreviations: ERP: Enterprise Resource Planning; SMEs: Small and Medium Enterprises; PLS: Partial Least Squares; SEM: Structural Equation Modelling     

The relationship between the migration experience and risk perception: A factor in the decision to become an entrepreneur

This study examines the proposition that the migration experience influences perceptions of risk and, as such, the ‘migrant condition’ is a factor in explaining relatively high rates of entrepreneurship among immigrants in many host countries. The study analyses data obtained from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Spain 2009 Survey with regard to perceptions of risk in beginning a new venture. The study finds that immigrants to Spain, irrespective of their origin or ethnicity, are less likely than native Spaniards to perceive business creation as a risky situation. Moreover, the findings suggest that the perception of risk has a significant impact on the decision to engage in business start-up activity.     

The moderating effect of the technological level of industry on the relationship between innovation and corporate reputation

Corporate reputation is one of the principal intangible assets a firm possesses. The entrepreneurial, innovative nature of the firm has been recognized as one of the antecedents of corporate reputation. However, specialist literature has paid scant attention to the relative importance of an entrepreneurial nature as an element that helps to improve corporate reputation in comparison with other antecedents such as product quality. Even less is known about exactly how this antecedent influences corporate reputation among different stakeholders. Little is also known about possible variations in how this antecedent is perceived by different industries. Thus, with a view to contributing to knowledge on how corporate reputation is formed, derived from the innovative nature of the firm, this article attempts to analyze how the environment affects the causal relation between the entrepreneurial, innovative nature of the firm and its corporate reputation. We particularly analyze the environment according to its technological level, distinguishing between three types of industry: high tech, medium tech, and low tech, using a sample of 308 US firms and structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques. The empirical test provided some unexpected and interesting results.     

The rate of convergence of the core for a purely competitive sequence of economies

The purpose of the paper is to show that for ‘most’ purely competitive sequences of economies on a compact set of agents' characteristics the core converges to the set of equilibria at least as fast as the inverse of the number of agents. It is assumed that agents have smooth, convex preferences with non-zero Gaussian curvature. This rate of convergence is obtained for a purely competitive sequence with regular limit distribution.     

The relationship between board characteristics and performance of bank holding companies: before and during the financial crisis

We examine the relationship between performance of the bank holding company and several board characteristics. We find that board size, CEO tenure and board tenure enhance bank performance. However, we find no evidence that board structure or CEO power influences bank performance. More importantly, we show that the effect of board characteristics during the crisis is quite different. During the crisis, board size has a negative effect on Tobin’s Q and the non-performing asset ratio, which supports Jensen’s (1993) argument that large boards are less likely to function effectively. Further, we report that the non-performing asset ratio decreases with board independence during the crisis.     

The moderating effect of environmental uncertainty on the relationship between real options and technological innovation in high-tech firms

In the past decade, management scholars have applied aspects of real options theory to organizational settings, considering it an approach to enhancing strategic flexibility in the firm. They have also recognized that technological innovation is a critical mechanism through which high-tech firms try to secure a place in the competitive world of the future. Uncertainty about the environment makes it very important to analyze both factors, since the use of real options obligates managers to reflect constantly on future scenarios for which they will have to propose innovative solutions. This paper attempts to apply the theory of real options to innovation theory to propose a model in which real options reasoning improves the level of product/process technological innovation. We argue that this improvement will increase when the environment's level of uncertainty is higher. The proposal is supported empirically by a study performed on a sample of technology firms from different countries in the European Union.     

The competitive firm under price uncertainty: the role of information and hedging

We study the impact of transparency in a commodity market on the decision problem of a competitive firm under price uncertainty and hedging opportunities. Market transparency is modeled by means of the informational content of publicly observable signals which are correlated with the random price. We find that the impact of more transparency on labor employment and production depends on the firm’s technology. In particular, more transparency may result in lower average output even though on average more labor has been used in the production process. We also analyze the link between market transparency and the welfare of the firm. We are grateful to two anonymous referees who made extremely useful comments and suggestions.     

The competitive advantage of nations: the role of HRM and its socio-cultural context

This study focuses on the links between human resource management practices and the socio-cultural characteristics of nations, on the one hand, and their competitive advantage in the international market, on the other. The particularly important conclusion is that some nations' cultures offer their managers a higher repertoire of modes of management practices than some others. In high repertoire nations, organizations appear to be better equipped to compete internationally than their counterparts in low repertoire nations.     

国防生担任高校学生军训教官的探索

学生军训工作全面开展以来,出现了许多新情况、新问题.特别是近年来我国高校不断扩大招生规模,学生军训任务越来越重.随着军队编制体制调整,部队的承训能力也面临着巨大的压力.国防生,作为部队的后备干部,具备较强的军政素养争组织管理能力.采取国防生担任军训教官,既缓解了参训部队人员不足的压力,又给国防生提供了难得的实践锻炼机会,可谓一举多得.     

金融危机下出口退税率的上调对武汉出口产业的影响

自2008年8月1日起,我国政府连续七次大范围地提高出口退税率,以缓解美国金融危机对我国出口产业的影响。武汉作为中部地区一个以机电产品、船舶、汽车零件为主要出口产品,以欧盟、美国、日本三个受经济危机影响最严重的经济体为主要出口地区的港口城市,并没有因为出口退税的连续上调而及时遏制出口下滑。     

论艺术设计专业学生思想政治教育工作的思考

文章从艺术设计专业学生思想政治教育工作面临的问题出发,运用科学发展观的方法,对艺术设计专业大学生思想政治教育工作,进行了一定理论探讨和工作实践。     

高校学生倦怠学习的成因及对策研究

大学生学习倦怠是由3个维度构成的,它们分别涉及到情绪、行为和成就感。文章通过对大学生学习倦怠影响因素的研究,分析各影响因素对大学生学习倦怠的影响强度和影响的方式,为预防大学生学习倦怠提供一个指导实践的可操作性的理论依据。