英语课堂如何通过提问提高教学效率

提问是一种古老的教学技能,它的历史比班级授课制要久远,几乎是自有教育开始就有提问存在。恰当的课堂提问不仅能巩固知识,激发学生学习兴趣,启迪学生思维,发展学生的心智技能和口头表达能力,丰富学生的认知结构,而且通过师生、学生之间的对话还能够发现问题,创造性地解决问题。而英语课堂尤其需要通过提问来提高学生的学习兴趣和教师的教学效率。文章从提问的策略、方法入手,探讨如何在英语课堂中巧妙地设计提问来提高教学效率,从而达到师生双赢。     

校园体育文化活动对大学生网络成瘾的干预策略

大学生网络成瘾问题已经成为新型的社会问题,它不仅影响大学生的学习和生活,还会影响到大学生的心理健康。本文通过分析研究,把大学校园体育文化活动作为干预手段,对网络成瘾大学生施加影响,有效减少大学生对网络的迷恋,抵御网络成瘾带来的心理负面影响,结合体育运动心理疗法科学地干预大学生网络成瘾现象。为校园体育文化活动对学生能力素质培养提供一定参考。     

大学生网络成瘾状况及其情绪特征分析

为了解大学生网络成瘾状况并对网络成瘾大学生的情绪特征进行分析,采用Young网络成瘾诊断问卷、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表以及UCLA孤独量表对810名大学生的网络成瘾状况和情绪特征进行调查。结果发现:810名被试中网络成瘾率为6.5%;男生网络成瘾率高于女生;网络成瘾组的网络游戏和网络聊天的人数比例显著高于非网络成瘾组;在情绪特征上,网络成瘾组的抑郁、焦虑、孤独量表得分显著高于非成瘾组。提示网络成瘾大学生存在更多的情绪困扰。     

Cannabis use and mental health problems

This paper investigates whether cannabis use leads to worse mental health. To do so, we account for common unobserved factors affecting mental health and cannabis consumption by modeling mental health jointly with the dynamics of cannabis use. Our main finding is that using cannabis increases the likelihood of mental health problems, with current use having a larger effect than past use. The estimates suggest a dose–response relationship between the frequency of recent cannabis use and the probability of currently experiencing a mental health problem. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analysing Misleading Discrete Responses: A Logit Model Based on Misclassified Data*

This study presents an alternative to direct questioning and randomized response approaches to obtain survey information about sensitive issues. The approach used here is based on a logit model that can be used when survey data on the dependent variable are misclassified. The method is applied to a direct survey of undergraduate cheating behaviour. Student responses may not always be truthful. In particular, a student claiming to be a non‐cheater may actually be a cheater. The results indicate that the incidence of cheating in our sample is approximately 70% rather than the self‐reported value of 51%.     

大学生网络游戏成瘾矫治的个案研究

通过一例网络游戏成瘾大学生矫治的研究,探讨这类学生的心理健康教育的方法。研究结果表明:针对个案对象的表现特征,探究产生网络成瘾的原因,并采取适宜地矫治方法,能够使网络游戏成瘾大学生的心理和行为得到改善。     

网络成瘾大学生的人格特质研究

为了解大学生网络成瘾状况并对网络成瘾大学生的人格特质进行研究,采用Young网络成瘾诊断问卷、艾森克人格问卷对685名大学生的网络成瘾状况和人格特质进行调查。结果发现:685名被试中网络成瘾率为6.3%;网络成瘾者中性别差异显著,男生比女生更容易沉溺于互联网;在人格特质上,网络成瘾组的精神质、神经质得分显著高于非成瘾组,掩饰程度显著低于非成瘾组,而内外向得分的差异无统计学意义。提示大学生网络成瘾者具有一些特定的人格特质。     

大学生社会支持与网络成瘾关系调查

目的:了解大学生社会支持及网络成瘾情况,探讨大学生社会支持与网络成瘾的关系,为医学院校的学生心理健康教育工作提供信息和依据。方法:采用文献研究和问卷调查方法,采用《社会支持评定量表》和《网络成瘾量表》对某医学院校725名学生进行测量。结果与结论:双亲家庭学生的社会支持状况优于非双亲家庭学生的社会支持状况;男生及高年级学生更易网络成瘾;社会支持与网络成瘾成负向相关。     

Estimation of proportion and sensitivity of a qualitative character

In this paper, a simple and obvious procedure is presented that allows to estimate π, the population proportion of a sensitive group, in addition to T, the probability that the respondents belonging to the sensitive group tell the truth whenever questioning directly. Properties of the estimators of π and T as well as sample size allocation are studied. And, efficiency comparisons are carried out to investigate the performance of the proposed method. It is found that the proposed strategy is more efficient than Warner's (1965) strategy, and has an additional advantage of deciding the optimal survey technique for practical situations. Received: October 2000     

How to Improve the Efficiency of Randomised Response Designs

This paper describes ways to maximise the efficiency of randomised response designs. When randomised response designs become more efficient their value as a tool to study sensitive topics will increase. An overview of the literature shows that when sensitive or incriminating topics are studied, the overall results of randomised response studies are more valid than the results of direct question designs. This positive effect is small, however, and randomised response designs are known to be less efficient than direct question designs, making it necessary to recruit larger samples. In this paper the efficiency of six randomised response methods (Warner’s design, both forms of the unrelated question technique, the forced response technique, Moors’s design and Mangat’s improved model) will be compared relative to direct question designs. Using the right design parameters we can make randomised response studies up to twice as efficient. The forced response method and a special form of the unrelated question design are the most efficient designs until now.     

Keeping off the grass? An econometric model of cannabis consumption in Britain

This paper presents estimates of a dynamic individual‐level model of cannabis consumption, using data from a 1998 survey of young people in Britain. The econometric model is a split‐population generalization of the non‐stationary Poisson process, allowing for separate dynamic process for initiation into cannabis use and subsequent consumption. The model allows for heterogeneity in consumption levels and behavioural shifts induced by leaving education and the parental home. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

课堂提问模式的创新分析

课堂提问是师生进行互动活动的主要形式之一,在课堂教学中发挥着十分重要的作用。因此教师对课堂上的提问模式应该给予足够重视。本文将从课堂提问的类型、提问后等待时间、问题分配、答问形式和教师的反馈形式几个方面来分析大学英语教师课堂提问模式,探讨如何有效的激发学生的创造思维,从而提高目的语的习得。     

On time preference,rational addiction and utility satiation

A basic consumer problem with a unique good is considered, current consumption of this good influencing in a positive manner consumer intertemporal utility, while past consumption exerts a negative influence. Moreover, in the line of Fisher, a specification of preferences is retained so that the rate of time preference, assumes a long-run value – this means for a stationary consumption-path – that is non-monotonic as a function of consumption: impatience increases for low level of consumptions but decreases for higher ones. Such a framework allows for an integrated appraisal of addiction, satiation and the rate of time preference. It is shown that the emergence of an addiction phenomenon in the neighbourhood of an unsatiated long-run position exactly corresponds to letting the rate of time preference be an increasing function of past consumption habits. When addiction becomes sufficiently strong, the unsatiated stationary state becomes unstable and the satiated steady state becomes the only admissible stationary position.     

高职院校学生网络成瘾情况浅析

高职学生网络成瘾的现状越来越被人们所关注,渐渐成为一个社会问题,严重危害到了学生的健康成长。本文分析了高职学生网络成瘾的原因,探讨了对于网瘾的防治对策。     

桌游在大学生网瘾形成过程中的干预

近些年来,大学生网瘾问题引起众多研究者的普遍关注。文章在前人研究成果的基础上,试图从一种新兴的青年文化现象——桌游角度,以网瘾形成的四个阶段为切入点,浅析桌游在大学生网瘾形成过程中的干预。文章提出,引导积极、健康的桌游文化不仅可以帮助学生摆脱网瘾的困扰,而且对促进校园文化的发展,改善大学生"宅"寝室的现象起到良好的作用。     

A survey technique for estimating the proportion and sensitivity in a dichotomous finite population

In this paper, a simple survey technique to measure the sensitivity of survey issues is presented. It can be applied to estimate the population proportion as well as the probability that a respondent truthfully states that he or she bears a sensitive character when experienced in a direct response survey. An unbiased estimator of mean square error for direct response survey is obtainable so as to be able to judge the effect on the accuracy in estimation. It is also found that the proposed technique is more efficient than some traditional techniques. A simple extension for polychotomous situations can be developed as well.     

构建基于VBA的PowerPoint随机指派系统

课堂提问是教学过程重要一环,通过师生问答互动,教师可以了解学生的接受程度,同时也鼓励学生积极思考。但现状是,教师经常面对学生遇见提问就低头的尴尬境地。针对在大学课堂教学过程中教师提问所面临的学生“集体沉默”这个普遍现象,文中利用VBA在PowerPoint中实现了一个随机指派系统,通过该系统随机指定回答问题的学生,提高了学生思考问题的积极性,活跃了课堂气氛。     

Habit Formation and the Theory of Addiction

In the light of repeated rejections of the Hall (1978) version of the life cycle‐permanent income hypothesis and other empirical puzzles, the habit formation hypothesis has increased in popularity since the 1980s. However, existing formulations of habit persistence do not always perform well empirically. This paper pursues two objectives: (i) to outline the habit persistence hypothesis, and (ii) to review the theory of addiction with a focus on issues of relevance to the theory of consumption. In the literature on addiction, two research traditions are discernible: rational addiction and myopic addiction. The former approach emphasises forward‐looking behaviour and defines memory loss as a univariate process. The latter relies on multiple objectives and highlights the role of contractual behaviour. The paper argues that future research in consumption with habits ought to pay more attention to non‐separabilities, allow for multivariate processes when modelling memory loss and consider rational habit modification.     

巧设问题,“问”得其所

为了提升英语课堂提问的有效性,文章从教师设置问题时要目的明确、把握提问的难度和频度、重视学生的个体差异以及提高学生的学习兴趣等方面探析了英语课堂提问的技巧和策略。教师通过精心设置问题可以帮助学生在学习中更好地掌握学习重点、突破学习难点,在提高语言应用能力的同时启迪思维、激发兴趣、张扬个性,从而达到提高课堂教学效果的目的。     

Gender as a moderator of the relationship between Facebook<Superscript>®</Superscript> addiction and self-efficacy for learning in a college sample: the mediating effect of deliberative belief

The present study explores the mediating role of deliberative belief and the moderating role of gender on the relationships between Facebook^® addiction and self-efficacy for learning among 690 college students. Self-administered questionnaires, including a Facebook^® Addiction Scale, a Deliberative Belief Scale and a Self-efficacy for Learning Scale were utilized to collect the data. The results indicated that there was a negatively significant relationship between Facebook^® addiction and deliberative belief (β = ? 0.25, p < .001) and a positively significant relationship between deliberative belief and self-efficacy for learning (β = + 0.53, p < .001). A multigroup analysis using structure equation modeling also demonstrated that gender moderated the relationship between Facebook^® addiction and deliberative belief. The findings revealed that high Facebook^® addiction was associated with decreased deliberative belief, which was further associated with decreased self-efficacy for learning. Moreover, Facebook^® addiction tends to significantly reduce the self-efficacy for learning for male students but not for female students.