IT网络组织对云计算应用绩效影响实证研究——基于组织合法性的中介作用

云计算技术的创新应用构建了新型IT 网络组织, 本文选取212 份有效研究样本, 采用回归分析等方法, 借助于实证研究探讨网络组织对云计算应用绩效的影响, 并探讨组织合法性的中介作用。研究结果显示,IT 网络组织要素信息共享、 相互依赖、 环境影响与技术驱动对云计算应用绩效具有显著的正向影响, 规范合法性以及认知合法性在IT 网络组织影响云计算应用绩效的关系中起中介作用。     

波特假说框架下环境规制对企业技术创新路径及动态演化的影响

文章基于波特假说从理论推导视角研究环境规制作用下的企业技术创新路径及动态演化过程。（1） 基于经济学的供给和需求理论, 阐释环境规制对企业创新价值的提升作用, 打破了边际效用递减和边际成本递增的传统规律; 结合环境规制对需求和供给的影响, 重塑技术创新的供给和需求曲线,运用均衡模型求解企业的最优供给量, 结合供给和需求曲线的位移变化, 研究环境规制下企业技术创新的动态演化路径; （2） 分析了包括企业技术开发和技术转化两阶段的技术创新动态价值链整合, 研究企业绿色工艺创新和绿色产品创新相结合的技术创新动态模式; （3） 从演化经济学的视角, 探讨了政府环境规制、企业技术创新和公众环保监督的混合策略均衡动态演化博弈过程。     

“双碳”目标下煤炭企业绿色转型的内在机理与实现路径

“双碳”目标及其政策直接影响煤炭企业绿色转型行为,也通过行业结构、竞争结构等中介变量,间接影响企业行为。结合“SCP”分析模型,对这一间接影响中的传导机制进行了重点分析;同时从有形驱动和无形驱动2方面,分析了“双碳”目标引领煤炭企业绿色转型的内在作用机理,并提出煤炭企业绿色转型的实现路径,包括以新发展理念为指导,制定绿色发展战略;依托数字化、智能化技术,提升绿色生产效率;以金融市场为支撑,开发绿色低碳新业务;以环境规制为引领,构建可持续组织结构。     

煤炭企业科技人员职位匹配度对创新绩效的影响研究

在“双碳”目标下,客观识别煤炭企业科技人员创新绩效的影响因素对于促进煤炭企业高质量发展具有重要作用。以社会交换理论和社会认知理论为基础,运用多元回归的方法,研究煤炭企业科技人员职位匹配度对创新绩效的影响,以及工作满意度的中介作用。以SPSS26.0和AMOS24.0进行实证分析的结果表明：煤炭企业科技人员职位匹配度及其各个维度都显著正向影响工作满意度和其创新绩效;工作满意度在煤炭企业科技人员职位匹配度与创新绩效间起部分中介作用。建议煤炭企业强化组织创新引导,营造团队创新氛围,灵活调整职位制度并提高工作满意度水平,以提高创新绩效。     

环境规制、技术创新与能源企业绿色投资效率实证研究

“绿色”作为未来社会发展过程中的全新契机,已然成为世界经济发展模式的必然选择。探索合理的政府干预手段和适当的调控强度,环境规制对于促进绿色技术创新,引领能源企业项目低碳转型和资源利用有效提升成为重要议题。因此,选取2012—2021年172家能源行业A股上市企业面板数据,采用三阶段数据包络分析模型对绿色投资效率进行测度,实证分析了环境规制、技术创新对能源企业绿色投资效率的动态影响,完成了区域异质性检验。结果表明:(1)环境规制直接改善企业绿色投资效率不受纯技术效率和规模效率分解结果的影响;(2)推动企业技术创新水平提升是环境规制间接促进企业绿色投资效率的主要途径;(3)区域经济发展匹配度受地理因素限制,对企业绿色投资效率的作用具有显著差异。由此,应实施差别化环境规制策略、丰富环境规制工具;培育绿色低碳领域创新主体、引导技术资源联通优配;融合发展区域绿色生产、调整污染治理技术高效转型,以期提升能源企业绿色投资率长效发展。     

促进还是抑制：政府研发补助对企业绿色创新绩效的影响

以制度理论和委托代理理论为基础，本文基于2010—2017年中国A股重污染行业上市公司数据，探究了政府研发补助对策略性绿色创新绩效和实质性绿色创新绩效的影响，并分析了环境规制和管理者环境关注度的调节作用。研究结果表明，政府研发补助对策略性绿色创新绩效有正向影响，但政府研发补助和实质性绿色创新绩效之间呈现倒“U型”关系。进一步研究发现，环境规制和管理者环境关注度均对政府研发补助与策略性绿色创新绩效之间的关系有负向调节作用，而对政府研发补助和实质性绿色创新绩效之间的关系有正向调节作用。本文通过探究政府研发补助对两种不同类型绿色创新绩效的影响，解释了现有研究中关于政府研发补助和企业绿色创新绩效之间关系的认识存在的不一致，同时通过对企业内外部治理因素的调节效应的探究，丰富了有关政府研发补助实施效果的情境因素的研究。本文的研究发现为政府制定相关环境政策以及推动企业绿色创新提供理论基础和实践启示。     

环境规制对碳绩效影响的门槛效应分析

环境规制解决“温室效应”的关键在于其能否实现经济增长和碳减排之间的共赢。因此,寻求一条提升碳绩效的持续发展道路是当前政府环境规制之要务。本文从竞争均衡模型的构建深入探讨环境规制对碳绩效的作用效应,证实了环境规制与碳绩效之间呈现广义上的U型曲线关系。在此基础上,通过建立门槛面板回归模型实证检验了中国2000～2014年30个省市的环境规制对碳绩效的门槛效应,基于区域异质性假定证实了环境规制与碳绩效的双门槛效应及最优规制水平的存在,以期为地方政府环境规制的正确执行提供必要的参考依据。     

环境效率、行业异质性与最优规制强度——中国工业行业面板数据的非线性检验

面对保增长和减排放的双重约束,传统的以减排为导向的环境政策不可避免会陷入两难困境。为此,本文针对污染物不同的处置性假设,以环境效率作为唯一确定环境绩效与产业发展的关系,测算了加入环境污染因素后我国工业各行业的环境效率,并基于异质性行业假定检验了我国环境规制与环境效率的非线性关系并确定了行业最优规制水平。研究表明:若考虑非期望产出(污染排放)的影响,中国工业环境效率有明显的下降;工业环境规制与环境效率正相关,一定程度上验证了"波特假说"的正确性;其中,环境规制对清洁生产型行业当期环境效率促进作用显著,而对污染密集型行业的影响存在滞后效应;环境规制强度和环境效率之间符合倒"U"型关系,具有显著的三重非线性门槛特征,但是,不同行业环境绩效对于环境规制强度的弹性系数和极值有所差异。本文政策涵义明显:及时调整传统基于减排导向的环境政策,考虑将提高环境效率纳入环境政策的目标决策中。同时,政府切忌走入盲目提高环境规制强度的误区,应根据各行业现实特点,有针对性地制定差异化的环境规制强度和标准,并注重滚动修订,及时调整至最优水平。     

绿色信贷对企业竞争力的影响研究——基于《绿色信贷指引》的准自然实验

绿色金融是实现环境保护和可持续发展的重要手段。在构建绿色金融体系的背景下，本文以2012年《绿色信贷指引》正式实施为事件构造准自然实验，使用双重差分法考察绿色信贷对企业竞争力的影响。研究发现，《绿色信贷指引》实施后，相对于非重污染企业，重污染企业竞争力的提升更加显著，这得益于绿色技术创新和全要素生产率提升。进一步研究发现，环境规制强度更高以及金融市场化程度更低的地区，绿色信贷提升企业竞争力的作用更加明显。本文为“波特假说”提供了新的证据，同时，对于政府进一步完善绿色信贷政策以及推动生态文明建设具有一定的参考价值。     

与贸易相关的环境措施及其创新效应比较分析

不同的贸易环境规制措施对于消费者、企业、政府以及受污染者带来的效应是不同的,论文比较了庇古税、许可证、直接管制和科斯方案下的分配效应.根据波特假说,适当严格的环境规制将激励创新,创新补偿的收益将最终超过环境规制的成本,提高企业国际竞争力.针对常见的环境规制的市场管理手段:排放税、分配的许可证和可拍卖的许可证,论文进一步分析了其产生的创新效应.     

集群还是堆积——对地方工业园区建设的反思

本文根据对我国西部若干地方工业园区的案例研究,提出当前地方工业园区建设中存在着只注重企业地理上的集中而忽视产业集群效应的问题。文章还应用产业集群理论和制度主义学派理论对此进行了分析,指出这一现象不仅源于地方政府对工业园区与产业集群之间的关系存在误解,而且也是地方政府一种在制度性压力下为获取合法性而采取的短期模仿行为,因此缺乏建立集群的长期规划和考虑。在这些研究的基础上,文章还提出了推动我国工业园区向产业集群方向发展的政策建议。     

The legitimacy of strategic alliances: an institutional perspective

Drawing on an institutional perspective, this paper suggests that strategic alliances serve an important legitimating function for firms and that this role, mediated by alliance governance structure and partner selection preferences, has a significant influence on firm and alliance performance. A theoretical framework is proposed that identifies five types of legitimacy associated with strategic alliances and the specific conditions under which legitimation may be an important outcome of strategic alliances. Propositions are developed to explain when firms are most likely to enter into alliances for legitimacy purposes and how the legitimating role of strategic alliances contributes to firm and alliance performance. The paper concludes with a summary and implications of a legitimacy‐based view of alliances. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国企业非市场策略与行为研究--对海尔、中国宝洁、新希望的案例研究

本文基于内容分析法以三家企业（海尔、中国宝洁和四川新希望）为案例，研究了提升企业经营合法性的非市场策略与行为。研究结果表明．尽管不同企业采取了差异化的非市场策略．但这些策略和行为均有助于提升企业的经营合法性；将企业与已经获得合法性的事项（例如，政治事项等）、组织（例如，行业协会、政府等）或人员（例如，专家学者等）联系起来，是提升企业经营合法性的重要策略和途径：高管人员作为企业的代言人频繁参与非市场活动，则是企业提升经营合法性的普遍做法。最后。本文提出了相应的理论推断并为现实中企业的经营管理提出了可操作性建议。     

Stacking the deck: the effects of top management backgrounds on investor decisions

Young firms going public are dependent upon the decisions of investors for a successful public offering. Yet convincing investors to invest is not easy, as young firms have limited track records and, thus, face challenges associated with gaining legitimacy in their respective industries. This paper examines ways in which select information about firms undertaking an initial public offering (IPO) can affect investor decisions. Building upon recent research on upper echelons and signaling theory, we propose that the composition of a firm's top management team can signal organizational legitimacy that in turn affects investor decisions. In the context of young firms undertaking an IPO, such signals are critical, especially when objective measures of firm quality are not easily available. We introduce a typology of signals of organizational legitimacy to elaborate on our hypotheses. Analyses of a comprehensive set of data on the career histories of the top management teams of young biotechnology firms show that investor decisions are affected by the extent to which a firm's top management team has employment affiliations with prominent downstream organizations (e.g., pharmaceutical companies), with a diverse range of organizations, and upon the role experience of one key member of the top management team—the Chief Scientific Officer. We assess and find that these effects are not mediated by the prestige of a firm's lead underwriter. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of our study for strategy research on upper echelons and organizational legitimacy. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Securing and managing an organization's network legitimacy: The case of Motorola China

This study combines concepts from institutional and network theory to explain the currently observed behaviors of organizations in securing their network legitimacy. Organizations secure their network legitimacy by engaging in business, social, and political activities, with key network actors and institutions. This is achieved within an institutional framework of rules, regulations, and ideologies, including any consequential contextual changes. But while network legitimacy plays an important part in an organization's survival, limited attention has been paid to the development of a conceptual framework. In this article we provide one such framework and, specifically examine attributes of successful network legitimacy through an inductive, interpretative case analysis of Motorola China, in a transitional Chinese telecommunication sector.     

Study of country-of-origin image from legitimacy theory perspective: Evidence from the USA and India

This study explored country-of-origin image (CoI) based on legitimacy theory. The comments and discussions about Chinese products' CoI from both Indian and American customers on public websites were collected and analyzed. The findings show that CoI is essentially a kind of recognition and judgment of a product's legitimacy. Customers judge a Chinese product's pragmatic legitimacy and social legitimacy through both a performance image and institution image aspect of the CoI, respectively. The findings can advance our understanding of CoI phenomena and provide guidance for international marketers in developing countries to manage country-related information more effectively.     

Did victories in certification contests affect the survival of organizations in the American automobile industry during 1895–1912? A replication study

Research summary: We successfully replicate the highly influential study: “The social construction of reputation…,”(Rao, 1994 ) which reports that cumulative victories in certification contests are negatively associated with firm failure. The replication is robust to the inclusion of additional controls. As in the original, tests of whether the theory is most powerful under higher uncertainty are not supported. Further, placing second, third, or merely participating in races also negatively predicts firm failure, and there is insufficient information in the data to tease out the importance of these predictors versus race victories. We discuss the assumptions under which the evidence can be interpreted as supportive of a more general argument of “loose coupling”, where affiliation with certification contests reduces firm failure. Managerial summary: We successfully replicate a study that related victories in races to the survival of early automobile firms. This result was interpreted as evidence that rank‐order certification contests legitimized firms and led to survival. We then demonstrate that there is insufficient information to tease out the relative importance of victories, as opposed to placing second, third, or merely participating in predicting survival. Our result is consistent with an argument that affiliation with certification contests, not only winning them, increases a firm's chances of survival. It is also consistent with an argument that firms with better quality automobiles won races and survived. An implication of our work is that there is insufficient evidence to determine if firms in new industries should expend finite resources on participation in certification contests or improvement of product quality.     

PLANNING IN AMBIGUOUS CONTEXTS: THE DILEMMA OF MEETING NEEDS FOR COMMITMENT AND DEMANDS FOR LEGITIMACY

This paper argues that ambiguity of context manifested in pressures for legitimacy and commitment affect planning processes. Ambiguity arises from multiple conflicting constituencies and the lack of direct control over resources. Using nonprofit and entrepreneurial organizations as examples of organizations facing ambiguous contexts, we examine their planning practices to develop an understanding of the relationship between commitment, legitimacy, and planning. From this analysis, we articulate a managerial dilemma: the need to use informality and vagueness to gain commitment from diverse interests, and the need to demonstrate formalization of managerial practices to acquire legitimacy from critical resource suppliers. Using elements of this dilemma, we present a new planning framework for organizations in ambiguous contexts that recognizes planning as a strategy for resource acquisition rather than a strategy for resource allocation.     

Interpartner legitimacy in regional strategic networks

Our aim is to add to the knowledge on a network level, focusing on if, and how, interpartner legitimacy affects the success or failure of network formation and development processes. Existing network theories and research tend to focus on resource exchange rather than on how actors perceive each other in terms of being legitimate or not. The purpose of the article is to analyze the interpartner legitimacy's influence on the formation and development processes of regional strategic networks (RSNs) from a network level. Two Swedish cases are discussed in terms of pragmatic, moral and cognitive interpartner legitimacy. The cases and the following discussion illuminate that interpartner legitimacy is important to incorporate into the analytical model if we wish to understand the processes of negotiations on the rules and norms which set the possibilities for survival of multi-actor interactions.     

Toward a legitimacy‐based view of political risk: The case of Google and Yahoo in China

Traditional political risk theories often focus on a developing host country government's ability to intervene in the activities of foreign multinationals in the extractive or infrastructure sectors. This results in inadequate understanding of (1) how a government's motivation to intervene is influenced by the broader societal context, (2) the importance of multinationals' political risk at home, and (3) the increasing political risk faced by high‐tech and service firms. We argue that there is a need to update the bargaining power and political institutions theories and further develop a legitimacy‐based view of political risk. Then, we examine the political risk experienced by Google and Yahoo at home and abroad due to their activities in China to illustrate the benefits of a holistic approach to political risk. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.