经济安全与知识产权法

一般认为，保障经济安全主要是经济法的任务，但是在知识经济时代，知识产权法也应该在保障经济安全方面发挥重要的作用。从这一点出发，本文认为我国知识产权立法一方面应顺应世界知识产权保护的发展趋势，加强对知识产权人利益保护以促进微观经济安全；但另一方面也应该加强对知识产权的     

促进我国企业加强知识产权管理的建议

知识产权是市场经济的必然发展方向，传统产业的发展趋势。我国知识产权数据的现状堪忧，故应加强对知识产权的管理。本文主要从五种不同专利许可模式角度，分析政府、企业和第三方机构为了使知识产权利益最大化而采取的措施及其重要性，并进一步肯定了企业、政府部门以及科研机构合作的重要性以及知识产权管理的必要性。     

驰名商标国际保护标准解读与中国应对(下)

正(接上期)三、恰当理解驰名商标国际保护标准,实现我国知识产权利益最大化尽管存在着不足与缺陷,以《巴黎公约》、TRIPS以及《联合建议》三个保护驰名商标的国际性文件为载体,在国际知识产权组织及各国坚持不     

“走出去”面临的知识产权形势及石油企业应对策略

近年来,中国企业在国际市场上的崛起使原有市场巨头感受到威胁,频频发起专利侵权诉讼;诉讼的目的不在于确认侵权获得胜诉,而在于利用知识产权制约竞争对手。发达国家加强知识产权战略运用,鼓励并支持本国企业利用知识产权与中国企业竞争;同时还运用多种手段促使欠发达国家加大知识产权保护力度;知识产权成为西方国家“国家安全”的壁垒,给中国企业国际化带来严峻的挑战。在此形势下,中国石油企业应该意识到：遭遇和应对知识产权纠纷是中国企业走出国门不可避免的成长经历,积极应对这些纠纷有助于推动企业知识产权运用能力的提高;提前布局或紧跟国际业务发展步伐,在主要市场积累一定数量高质量的专利权,是有效应对知识产权纠纷的基础;知识产权纠纷是领先企业限制后发企业的一种手段或竞争对手之间的市场竞争行为。对于走出去的中国企业来说,需要加强知识产权预警工作,防范知识产权风险。     

世界知识产权组织成员国年度大会召开

世界知识产权组织（WlPO）成员国年度大会日前召开。WIP0总干事弗朗西斯·高锐表示，国际知识产权界在今后数年面临着三项主要挑战——管理知识产权申请需求；所有文化内容迁移至互联网；以及增强最不发达国家和发展中国家利用知识产权的能力，以鼓励创新和创造。高锐先生说。成功应对这些挑战需要深度的参与和承诺。     

中国科技面临10大桃战

在新世纪里，科学技术能否成为中国经济和国有企业发展的最大动力？透视“中国科技面临十大挑战”，值得各级领导、工程技术人员和全系统的人们共同思考和把握。挑战之一 随着我国加入ＷＴＯ，我们将面临更加激烈的竞争，尤其在创新能力、知识产权、生态环境、国家安全等方面面临着新的挑战。综合国力的提高将主要依赖科技创新能力的提高。挑战之二 随着知识经济和信息化时代的到来，我国必须在完成工业化的同时，迎接知识经济和信息化时代的挑战。要以信息化带动工业化，以传统产业的高技术化、高技术产业和以知识为基础的服务业发展带动经…     

论完善我国知识产权侵权行为归责原则的立法模式

本文从两大法系不同国家知识产权侵权行为的归责原则的立法例入手,从法理上运用利益分析的方法分析了知识产权侵权行为的归责原则的理论根据,探讨在我国当前进行知识产权侵权行为归责原则的立法模式.     

企业知识产权保护对策探讨

一、知识产权保护的重要意义加入WTO以后,国内巨大的市场进一步开放,市场竞争规则日益与国际接轨。由于历史原因,我国企业自主知识产权较少,国外企业则积累了丰富的知识产权经验和强大的知识产权优势,对国内企业构成威胁和挑战。企业拥有自主知识产权,就能在激烈的市场竞争中扩     

国际服务外包中的知识产权制度研究

承接国际服务外包能够通过外溢效应快速提升我国服务业水平。服务外包行业具有很高的知识承栽度,我国的知识产权制度体系直接影响到国家和承接企业在国际服务外包中的竞争力。服务外包领域的知识产权制度体系具有经济性、利益平衡性、复杂性和层次性等四个特点,基于这些特点,文章从国家层面、行业协会层面和企业层面提出完善服务外包行业的知识产权制度。     

知识产权壁垒问题研究综述

我国学者对知识产权壁垒问题的研究主要集中在知识产权壁垒的含义、表现形式、我国知识产权方面存在的主要问题、我国应对知识产权壁垒的对策等方面,文章对学者们的研究成果进行了梳理和总结,并指出了研究中存在的不足及今后研究的方向.     

技术性贸易壁垒与中国高技术产品出口——基于扩展贸易引力模型的经验分析

本文基于扩展的贸易引力模型,使用2000~2015 年中国同22 个贸易伙伴国的面板数据,并引入和技术性贸易壁垒以及高技术产品密切相关的知识产权保护这一变量,实证考察进口国TBT 对中国高技术产品出口的影响。结果表明：（1）进口国实施 TBT 或进行知识产权保护均会抑制中国高技术产品的出口,但抑制作用并不显著;（2）若进口国将TBT 和知识产权保护相结合形成更为隐蔽的技术性贸易壁垒,将会显著抑制中国高技术产品的出口;（3）中国高技术产品出口呈现行业差异,其中医药制造业受到的抑制效应最大;（4）由于技术模仿和产品同质化现象的存在,中国高技术产品出口会在中高收入国家遭遇更为严重的TBT,对出口的抑制效应会更大。中国应将知识产权保护政策作为应对进口国TBT的一种补充,在保证高技术产品贸易健康发展的同时推动出口产业向中高端发展。     

2011年国际大石油公司经营业绩与战略动向

2011年,国际油价大幅攀升,受此影响,国际大石油公司经营业绩大幅提升,营业收入和净利润达到或超过金融危机前水平;油气产量出现不同程度下降,但得益于油气价格上涨,上游经营利润普遍大幅度增长,上游板块占经营利润总额的比例超过了80％;原油加工量和油品销量下降,但因炼化毛利上涨,下游利润大幅增长;上游生产成本达到近年来最高水平,未来仍面临较大的成本上升压力.未来,国际大石油公司将保持高水平的投资规模,并继续向上游倾斜;多渠道充实资源基础,积极发展非常规资源,继续扩大天然气业务;将以效益最大化为核心,不断优化资产结构,巩固竞争优势;同时,不断加强与资源国及新兴市场国家大型石油公司的合作,建立全方位、多层次、多模式的新型战略合作关系.     

瑞士保护传统产品的经验及对我国中药产品的启示

瑞士是一个传统型的国家,在保护传统产品上瑞士充分运用地理标志制度来逐步扩大其保护范围;并制定一系列与传统产品有关的标准以法律的形式固定下来;针对不同的产品运用商标和外观设计来体现产品的基本特征;积极申报世界非物质文化遗产,保护与产品有关的传统文化。我国应当完善知识产权方面的配套政策,积极扶持我国名优中药品种,建立与我国传统产品相适应的知识产权制度,积极参与并推动相关的国际谈判,维护我国在传统知识和资源上的优势。     

Organization, programme and structure: an analysis of the Chinese innovation policy framework

The paper first identifies the stakeholders involved in the design and implementation of China's innovation policy and compares them with different government systems in selected Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. In order to disclose the relative strength and weaknesses inside China's innovation policy framework, we proceed to utilize policy practices in the OECD countries as a guideline to examine China's innovation policy in five categories: reform in the public S&T institutions, financial policy, business innovation support structure, human resource policy and legislative actions. Subsequently, several weak components of the Chinese innovation policy framework are identified and two of them are selected for further analysis: education and human resource policy, and protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). Finally, the paper provides some priorities and possible actions for future innovation policy developments in China.     

2008年国际大石油公司经营状况及发展动向

受外部经营环境急剧变化影响,2008年国际大石油公司经营业绩呈现前高后低的特点,各公司净利润增减不一,原油产量、加工量和油品销量普遍下降,上游生产成本持续上升,经营现金流总体增长。面对经营环境的不利变化,国际大石油公司立足长远发展,看好长期能源需求增长的总体趋势,继续保持较高的投资水平;继续推进油气资源接替,加大对非常规油气资源的投资,开始进入油气潜力大但政治风险高的地区进行勘探开发;加大营销业务整合力度,大幅削减零售业务,减少资本占用;抓住金融危机时期的难得机遇,利用现金充裕优势,在全球范围内寻机收购符合公司发展的战略性资产;继续投资替代能源和可再生能源领域,但投资的力度和步伐有所放缓,投资方向和投资地区更加集中。未来国际大石油公司将继续保持其投资增长水平,不断加大对非常规油气资源的投资力度;继续进行结构调整,优化资源配置,以实现投资回报最大化。     

全网营销我先行

全网营销开始变得有些复杂。以前,敢于吃螃蟹的品牌企业一般都是采用"淘宝开店+淘宝外分销"的路线,两者泾渭分明,梳理起来也容易。但如今,包括京东、当当、苏宁易购、亚马逊、库巴以及重组后的腾讯电商等独立B2C开始做大,人人都在谈开放平台,卯足了劲大举招商,大有群英战淘宝的势头。     

The U.S. industrial marketer's position in international trade

The purpose of this article is to examine some of the interests served by international trade and several of the factors that will affect the environment in which the marketing manager will operate in the next decade. The diverse forces that influence foreign trade are of increasing importance to marketing strategy. Although salesmen are still counseled to “sell-like-hell”, senior marketing people need to have a perspective that permits them to anticipate the threats and oppurtunities these forces create. We will suggest some of the trends and issues to which the marketer must be alert. While our analysis will be most appropriate for American companies, this approach is also applicable for firms based in other countries.The article is divided into five parts. In the first part we examine the importance and motives for U.S. international trade. We then explore U.S. patterns of imports and exports. In the third section we consider the role of technology in trade. Next we consider some of the trends that seem to apply for the next decade. Finally we raise some issues that will probably demand the marketer's attention in the future.     

Patents and performance in the Japanese pharmaceutical industry: An institution-based view

In this paper we analyze the strategic response of Japanese pharmaceutical firms to increased competitive pressure. During the 1980’s and 1990’s entry barriers were lifted and markets deregulated. As a consequence transaction structures moved from a relationship based mode towards a market based mode where competition is based on research excellence and new and innovative products. Using panel data of a sample of Japanese pharmaceutical companies, this paper discusses the effect of international patents as an indicator of research capabilities on subsequent corporate performance measured as profits on total assets. Our empirical result suggests that a firm’s patent stock is unrelated or even negatively correlated to its profitability.     

后金融危机时代世界物探行业发展趋势

金融危机以来,世界物探行业发展面临巨大挑战,当前处于“低谷期”,出现了新一轮“洗牌”.各大物探公司着眼于高端海上市场,大幅调整业务结构,剥离劣质资产,兼并收购符合其长期发展战略的技术公司,进一步提高自身的综合实力.同时,行业内的合作不断加强.在后金融危机时代,传统的以数据采集、处理、解释及油藏描述为核心的物探产业模式将转变为以数字油藏为中心,地震服务、地质研究、油藏监测为辅助手段的一体化的数字综合信息管理模式.未来陆上地震采集将更加强调设备的重要性.永久油藏监测技术(PRM)以及无源地震技术等将成为未来海上物探技术的发展方向.     

An investigation of the use of global, virtual, and colocated new product development teams

This paper presents the results of an investigation of differences between global, virtual and colocated new product development (NPD) teams. Specifically, we examined whether and how these three types of teams differed in terms of usage, challenges, and performance. A survey of PDMA members was undertaken to collect the data. Out of 103 firms participating in the survey, 54 had used or were using global teams for some of their NPD efforts. Overall, we found that the use of global teams in our respondent firms is rapidly increasing. Our respondents indicated that by the year 2001, approximately one out of every five NPD teams in their companies are likely to be global. However, our respondents also expect that their companies will be using multiple types of teams that is, global, virtual, and colocated, to develop their new products. Our findings also suggest that global teams generally face greater behavioral and project management challenges than either colocated or virtual teams. Global team performance is also lower than the performance of virtual or colocated teams. Are these challenges associated with poorer performance? In examining this question, our results suggest that greater project management challenges are associated with lower performance, for all three types of teams. Surprisingly, behavioral challenges were not associated with performance for any team type. Our results suggest that firms face different problems associated with managing each type of NPD team—global, virtual and colocated. To effectively manage each type of team may, in turn, require that companies and their managers employ different solutions to these different problems. Additionally, companies may find that the preparation they provide to their managers and team members to work in these different team environments may also need to be different. Further research is clearly needed to address these managerial implications.