失地农民老化劳动力城市融入问题研究

失地农民老化劳动力由于身体和技能限制成为逐渐边缘化的弱势群体。该劳动力群体城市融入是城镇化的内在需要,是社会稳定的客观需要,是城乡经济发展的积极促进因素。失地农民老化劳动力城市社会融入面临诸多障碍因素,如隔离性制度障碍、差异性文化障碍以及空间和社会隔离障碍等,生存状况处于不断恶化的窘境。该群体城市融入应充分结合其短期生存质量与长期发展能力,促进政府主导下针对性的制度环境创新,着力构建该劳动力群体城市融入的空间文化环境,以多形式就业改善他们就业和生活风险环境,改革再就业技能培训模式,提高他们的就业竞争能力和城市融入能力。     

失地农民市民化的障碍与对策

因工业化、城市化带来的失地农民群体的保障问题已经引起社会的广泛关注。农民市民化是不可逆转的社会发展大趋势,失地农民率先市民化是我国经济社会发展进入新阶段的必然要求。为确保失地农民的生活和就业,体现城乡居民的公平国民待遇,必须以城乡统筹发展的思路看待失地农民,通过对失地农民身份转换,即把农民变市民,将失地农民纳入城市保障范围,从制度上确保失地农民的长远生计。     

西部地区失地农民就业状况调查分析——以5省区农调队公布的调查报告为例

本文通过对西部5省区农调队抽样调查后公布的576户失地农民就业状况的数据资料的分析,发现西部地区的失地农民就业状况令人担忧,建议各级政府通过创造失地农民再就业的良好宏观环境,强化失地农民就业培训制度,探索经济就业双向增长途径,实现失地农民“可持续生计”的目标。     

城市化进程中失地农民就业培训探析——以浙江省湖州市为例

当前失地农民就业培训中接受就业培训比例小,就业培训与就业安置衔接程度低,培训的专业化程度不高,而投资收益不清、配套政策缺乏和培训市场化水平不高是其问题存在的原因,必须通过改革失地农民培训体制、改善培训组织实施水平来做好失地农民培训工资,帮助失地农民实现再就业,保障可持续发展的生计。     

西部地区失农民就业状况调查分析——以5省区农调队公布的调查报告为例

本文通过对西部5省区农调队抽样调查后公布的576户失地农民就业状况的数据资料的分析,发现西部地区的失地农民就业状况令人担忧,建议各级政府通过创造失地农民再就业的良好宏观环境,强化失地农民就业培训制度,探索经济就业双向增长途径,实现失地农民"可持续生计"的目标.     

基于当前失地农民就业保障体系存在问题的制度经济学分析

失地农民作为弱势群体所面临的就业困难,是现阶段中国社会主义市场经济建设与构建和谐社会亟待解决的重大问题。从制度经济学的角度分析,地方政府发展理念的不科学、征地安置政策目标缺少“可持续生计”、政府公共服务行政职能缺位、就业服务缺乏针对性等,是失地农民的就业与再就业工作中存在的主要问题。     

城市化进程中失地农民社会保障问题探析

失地农民是城市化进程中产生的一个特殊群体。与城市下岗职工相比,失地农民没有最低生活保障和稳定的就业渠道,缺乏政策和财政支持,显得更为弱势。目前失地农民社会保障体系还存在不少问题,迫切需要深入研究并认真解决,否则有可能影响社会稳定和谐与持续发展。政府有责任也有义务为失地农民建立社会保障制度。     

为失地农民构建政府主导型社会保障体系

现行失地农民补偿安置制度和地方政府在解决失地农民问题中的无作为,侵蚀着失地农民的权益,这显然有悖于城市化的本质。基于我国农民的特质和城市化进程的特征,破解的思路不应局限于对失地农民补偿安置制度做出修补和政府行为上做出规范,更要立足于从制度上给予根本安排,建立以就业为支撑的政府主导型失地农民社会保障体系。     

我国退休制度历史、现状和挑战——渐进式延迟退休年龄政策研究之一

我国退休制度自创立以来,经历了创建、调整和改革创新三个历史时期,在制度框架和具体规定方面逐步完善。当前退休制度面临的主要挑战是:法定退休年龄偏低,提前退休现象普遍,养老金收支陷入困境,退休权利义务不对等,退休制度缺乏弹性,退休年龄存在较大差异,退休制度法制化程度低,非正规退休现象屡禁不止,国民缺乏老龄化和养老金教育,大龄人员就业服务准备不足。     

"城中村"非正规部门形成发展机制——以深圳市蔡屋围为例

非正规部门以其就业门槛低、方便灵活等特点成为城市边缘阶层就业和消费的主要部门,“城中村”既是城市低收入群体和流动人口的聚居区,也是非正规部门相对集中的区域。文章通过对位于深圳市中心区的“城中村”———蔡屋围的案例研究,探讨了非正规部门非正规化、半正规化和正规化的三种发展过程及其形成原因和内在机制,指出由于现阶段“城中村”特殊的经济社会体系和管理体制以及非正规部门在城市发展中承担着为低收入人口提供就业和服务的特殊功能,城市政府应降低门槛,允许非正规部门以非正规化的形式存在,但应纳入管理;对处于不同发展阶段的非正规部门采取不同的政策,使之有序发展,最终步入正规化的轨道。     

A Property of the Core

For any transferable utility game in coalitional form with nonempty core we show that, given any allocation outside the core, there is an allocation in the core that indirectly dominates it.Journal of Economic LiteratureClassification Number: C71.     

从"能力"角度研究产业集群的综述

能力是一种隐含知识,马歇尔的产业集群分析方法实际上是基于能力的方法.产业集群是一个能力体系,产业集群的能力来自于具有不同诀窍的企业、机构之间的相互作用.通过分析,指出从能力的角度可以对产业集群的许多现象进行更好的解释.     

A New View on the Economic Theory of the State: A Case Study of France

Given the contribution of Schumpeterian entrepreneurship to technological progress and well-being, the accuracy of investment decisions by venture capitalists is a societal issue. Venture capitalists find the human capital of entrepreneurs difficult to assess. This paper employs instrumental value theory to assess the impact of different human capital factors on the performance of new ventures. A meta-analysis of 29 previous empirical studies that examined the effect of founder's human capital on new venture performance suggested that instrumental value theory holds promise as a guide for research on entrepreneurs' human capital and new venture performance. It could also help venture capitalists to make better investment decisions, benefiting society in general.     

A resilience perspective of the SEEA

While the SEEA is an important advance in national accounting it remains deficient in a number of ways in regard to natural resources. The dynamic and interactive nature of ecosystems means that any linear, compartmentalised system of accounting will miss significant changes that influence human wellbeing. In particular, losses in resilience of critical capital stocks (through changes in underlying ecosystem variables that do not contribute directly to valued flows, and are therefore not included in the accounts) means that the accounts will not recognise that such stocks are becoming riskier, likely to collapse, and are therefore over‐valued. We present a stock‐based approach to measuring sustainable development (the Inclusive Wealth Approach of [Arrow KJ, Dasgupta P and Maler K‐G. (2003) Evaluating projects and assessing sustainable development in imperfect economies, Environmental and Resource Economics, 26:647-685]) at a regional scale, using an example from South East Australia, which includes an assessment of the resilience of critical capital stocks.     

A model of the G-3

This paper presents a model of the G3 countries with a theoretically consistent model of the supply side, including a single regional model of the Euro area based on consistent aggregation. This is estimated using recent developments in econometrics for handling non-stationary data. It also uses alternative approaches to expectations formation, with an emphasis on bounded rationality. This retains the assumption of informed agents without making the extreme informational requirements of the REH. Our simulations show that under learning, the response of the economy to shocks may be extremely long lasting.     

A Re-Examination of the Linder Hypothesis: A Random-Effects Tobit Approach

This paper examines one of the main theories of international trade, the Linder hypothesis, using data from the OECD countries. The paper makes two primary contributions. First, significant empirical evidence is found in support of Linder's hypothesis regarding demand similarity for 18 of the 19 OECD countries under investigation here. Second, the use of a censored dependent variable in this analysis corrects a major methodological shortcoming in the existing literature by including data on all potential trading partners, even when the given OECD country has a zero or negative desire to export to that potential trading partner. [F10]     

居室绿化巧安排

当前家居绿化成为人们关心的热点，本文重点叙述家居绿化，美化重要性和对人们健康生活的意义。在此基础上提出了家居绿化的具体安排。     

A generalized theorem of the maximum

Summary This paper generalizes the Theorem of the Maximum (Berge [2]) to allow for discontinuous changes in the domain and the objective function. It also provides a geometrical version of the (generalized) theorem.This research was supported in part by National Science Foundation Grant SES-86-19012. Financial assistance was also provided, for Lawrence Ausubel, by the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, and for Raymond Deneckere, by the Kellogg School of Management's Beatrice/Esmark Research Chair. We thank Alejandro Manelli and Israel Zang for many helpful conversations.