"农家乐"发展中政府的"缺位"与"越位"

在我国城市郊区,因其独特的区位优势,以"农家乐"为主体的乡村旅游产品增长很快.但从调查结果看,发展情况却并不令人乐观.在"农家乐"盛行的成都,一些20世纪90年代初期开发的农家旅游地,在经历了数年的高速发展后,从2000年起就出现客源减少、效益下降的局面,衰败迹象日益显现;其他城市也相继出现类似情况,如广州大部分旅游农庄,在2005年国庆黄金周也遭遇游客寥落、效益不佳的情况.     

中国乡村旅游发展模式研究--成都农家乐与北京民俗村的比较与对策分析

本文比较了成都农家乐与北京民俗村的发展历程、发展模式与政府规制办法,指出乡村性是乡村旅游的核心,乡村旅游的标准管理、规模经营与经营者的“飞地化”导致乡村性的消失,主张乡村旅游应从主题、地格与氛围三方面塑造与维系乡村性,应该强化特色分类管理、合理规划、坚持“本地化”与改进土地政策以保持乡村旅游的健康发展。     

农家乐旅游引导整合分析——以宿迁市为例

在十九大要求的背景下,宿迁市旅游资源进一步整合,农家乐旅游模式得到进一步转型。宿迁市推进"两聚一高"发展模式,把生态优势转化为发展优势。在此实际背景下,研究农家乐发展问题和模式变得尤为重要,符合打造"江苏后花园"的定位和响应新时代乡村振兴战略。笔者就宿迁市农家乐经营过程中经营模式单一、宣传品牌力度不够、区位布局不清等主要问题进行分析,并提出相应合理对策和建议。     

乡村旅游经营管理模式

我国的现代乡村旅游活动已经有过了30多年的发展历程,在过去乡村旅游发展以"农家乐"经营为主,零敲碎打,缺乏整体性,外向型扩张个辐射,很难大规模拓展外地客源。传统的乡村观和乡村产业制约乡村的发展。加之近几年城市空气污染严重,人们在城市生活除了工作的压力,还要面对污染的环境,人们心中渴望去乡村体验自在舒适的生活。     

对成都发展乡村旅游的思考

一、成都乡村旅游发展现状 兴起于20世纪80年代末的成都农家乐,经过近20年的发展壮大,已经成为成都的旅游品牌和亮点.农家乐作为成都市乡村旅游发展的雏形,从产生到发展、从一家一户经营到规模整体开发,经历了自然发展、竞争发展和规范发展3个阶段.     

一带一路背景下城市周边乡村旅游创新发展研究——以长沙河村非洲文化园为例

乡村旅游的高带动性使其成为乡村振兴的突破口,一带一路的提出促进了我国对外经济交流合作,也为乡村旅游的发展也带来了新的机遇,但是我们也看到,乡村旅游蓬勃发展,乡村旅游点的数量在成倍增长的同时很多规模较大的农家乐却连年亏损。对乡村旅游进行研究我们发现乡村旅游存在旅游产品同质化严重,缺乏自身特色;定位不准,营销不够,缺乏先进经营理念等问题。在一带一路的背景下,我们可以通过加强国际合作,打造特色IP,创新发展模式,重视旅游市场宣传,进行创新营销等方式进行乡村旅游的创新发展。     

农户乡村旅游从业角色选择意愿及其影响因素分析

农户参与乡村旅游经营活动的意愿及从业角色选择是农户基于利益最大化做出的理性经济决策行为,了解脱贫地区农户的乡村旅游从业角色参与意愿及其影响因素,是新时期巩固旅游扶贫成果,促进乡村旅游高质量发展、精准助力乡村振兴分类推进的重要议题。以贵州省茶园村为例,采用二元Logistic回归分析方法,从农户微观视角进行实证分析,发现：（1）81.98%的农户希望参与乡村旅游经营活动,村域旅游资源禀赋、旅游能人带动和家庭经济实力是影响农户参与意愿的关键因素。（2）农户从业角色选择意愿强烈程度依次为农家乐经营者（41.75%）>被雇佣者（35.71%）>其他配套产业生产者（20.88%）>经营投资者（4.95%）;（3）各从业角色选择意愿的影响因素差异显著,其中,资源禀赋是农家乐经营和其他配套产业从业角色选择的先决条件;家庭经济实力是农家乐经营和景区投资等经营角色选择的重要驱动力;乡村旅游服务岗位从业选择存在明显的就业路径依赖特性;而能人带动的作用出现分化,一方面对带动农户选择旅游服务就业具有积极作用,另一方面因竞争关系,对农户开展农家乐经营意愿具有一定抑制作用。     

崇明"农家乐"现行旅游运营模式弊端及创新研究

旅游运营模式是影响"农家乐"可持续发展能力的一个重要因素.崇明"农家乐"目前所采用的让"农家乐"经营户挂靠村镇旅游服务公司的做法,其最大的弊端是旅游经营中各方权责关系不顺.而从产业化培育目标考虑,让崇明"农家乐"走股份公司制运营模式将是一个合适的选择,这可有利于扩大"农家乐"经营规模,提高服务水准,增加农业、农民收入,改善农村环境,直接推动崇明新农村建设.     

六安市农家乐空间分布规律分析

随着旅游业特别是乡村旅游的发展,农家乐被越来越多的旅游者青睐,它已成为旅游业中的重要组成部分,成为都市人假日、周末休闲娱乐的一种独特的旅游形式。六安市具有丰富的乡村旅游资源,乡村旅游发展已初具规模。论文通过对六安市农家乐发展情况的实地调查,以及发展现状和空间分布位置的分析,总结出六安市农家乐的空间分布规律,指出六安市农家乐空间分布存在的问题与不足,并结合研究结果,提出切实可行的解决措施,为六安市农家乐的持续性发展提供有益的参考。     

我国乡村旅游专业合作组织的发展和转型——兼论乡村旅游发展模式的升级

乡村旅游专业合作组织是提高乡村旅游专业化程度和集约化水平的重要手段.本文通过对我国乡村旅游专业合作组织发展现状、产生动因和发展趋势的分析,指出我国乡村旅游专业合作组织的发展正面临着组织转型,规范的"农家乐"协会和"农家乐"专业合作社将成为乡村旅游发展主要的组织形态,后者最终将推动乡村旅游发展的产业升级.     

Self-efficacy and sustainable rural tourism development: local communities’ perspectives from Kuching,Sarawak

The future of the tourism industry is dependent on local communities’ ability to develop and sustain tourism developments, especially in sensitive rural areas. But there is limited research on this topic to guide tourism authorities and governments. In particular, few studies have studied sustainable rural tourism development from the perspective of the local communities. Therefore, this study examines local communities’ views on their capability to achieve sustainable rural tourism development in selected rural areas in Kuching, Sarawak. Questionnaires were distributed to the local communities residing at three rural tourism destinations in Kuching, Sarawak. Interestingly, the results indicated that local communities’ self-efficacy has a positive relationship with social, cultural, economic, and environmental sustainability. Hence, this study offers theoretical and practical contributions to sustainable rural tourism development literature and the tourism industry.     

Expenditure-Based Segmentation of a Mountain Destination Tourist Market

Although tourism is one of the most dynamic economic activities worldwide, few studies have been conducted on the potential role of market segmentation based on visitors' expenditure level at the destination in order to define strategies for maximizing the economic benefits of tourism for local destinations. This study extends the research undertaken in this area by identifying different clusters of visitors, in a Portuguese mountain destination, according to the level and patterns of visitors' expenditure during the visit. Four distinct segments were identified and show statistically significant differences regarding their economic relevance for the destination, sociodemographic profile, and trip behavior. This study contributes to the discussion of analytical marketing tools available in the context of destination planning, aiming at the definition of strategies that may maximize the economic contribution of tourism for local economic development.     

上海、武汉、成都城市近郊农家乐家庭相关目标实证研究

本文基于对上海、武汉、成都市近郊型农家乐业主问卷调查的实证分析,得出业主在民主决策、就业、促进家庭和谐和事业传承等家庭相关目标的调查结果,通过进一步分析,得出研究结论如下:3地业主均表现出决策的民主意识;农家乐使家人有更多团聚机会,促进了家庭的凝聚力与和谐;农家乐促进了家庭成员就业,但作用相当有限;业主对农家乐未来家庭传承的反应大多比较冷淡.另外,3地业主由于受教育程度、价值取向、家庭就业结构和经营状况的不同而呈现出各自差异化的特点.本研究理论上丰富了农家乐对乡村社区的社会影响研究,实践上,也为衡量农家乐对社会主义新农村建设的社会效应提供了量化的参考.     

Objective Indicators of the Impact of Rural Tourism Development in the State of Florida

Over the past decade, many rural communities have been encouraged to incorporate tourism in their economic development strategies. Tourism is increasingly seen as a potential basic industry providing employment opportunities, income and economic diversity. However, concerns over the potential impacts have created a demand for comprehensive planning and research on the effects of tourism development on residents' quality of life. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate an objective means of determining the impact tourism development has on rural residents' quality of life. Using census data from rural counties in a US state, the findings suggest that tourism development is a viable means of improving the quality of life in rural communities. However, as in the case of any economic development alternatives, there are a number of underlying consequences that should be anticipated and planned for in pursuing a tourism development strategy that is appropriate and sustainable.     

新乡村经济精英在乡村旅游中的形成和作用机制研究——以虎跳峡徒步路线为例

文章从乡村精英的性质、特点等方面对这一特殊阶层做出初步分析,以虎跳峡徒步路线地区为例,分析受益于乡村旅游的发展,脱胎草根而非传统权力社会的新乡村经济精英的形成及其在乡村旅游中的地位,探索应如何更好地发挥他们的作用,从而带动欠发达地区乡村旅游业的发展,并为整个社区带来更大的福利.结论指出,中国欠发达地区的乡村需要培育和支持新乡村经济精英,虎跳峡徒步路线发展乡村旅游的模式值得其他欠发达地区借鉴.该案例研究对社会学领域的社会分层理论和人类学领域的旅游涵化理论都具有一定的借鉴意义.     

旅游能缓解保护地人与野生动物冲突吗?

人与野生动物冲突正成为我国自然保护地管理的显性问题,理解并寻找缓解人与野生动物冲突的方法成为重要研究问题。发展旅游被视为缓解此类冲突的重要手段,但已有研究尚未系统地评估旅游的缓解作用。本研究通过整合性综述的方法,探讨旅游能否以及如何缓解人与野生动物冲突这一问题。研究发现旅游对人与野生动物冲突的影响是多重的。对于辐射范围内的社区,旅游通过给社区带来经济利益,可以提高居民对野生动物的容忍度,从而缓解冲突。但旅游经济利益分配存在不充足、不平等和不匹配等问题,因而其缓解冲突的效应也不均衡。有些旅游活动还会产生负面生态影响,导致野生动物对人类习惯化和种群数量过度增长,进而加剧景区周边社区与野生动物冲突。本文最后建议加强对旅游的分配正义、生态影响和社会文化视角的研究。     

Local opinions on trophy hunting in Kyrgyzstan

As traditional international trophy hunting destinations are becoming less accessible due to hunting restrictions and regulations, new destinations are entering the scene, such as the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, located in Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan has grown to be one of the top destinations for international trophy hunting of argali Ovis ammon and ibex Capra sibirica, both of which are in danger of extinction. Empirically, the article draws on a case study from the largest region in Kyrgyzstan, At-Bashy, and 395 questionnaires with local inhabitants from 5 villages, and 1 interview with an international trophy hunting tour operator. In this article, the impacts of trophy hunting as a tourism practice in a rural context is discussed in terms of its sustainability and through the opinions of the local inhabitants. In sum, the negative impacts of trophy hunting in At-Bashy seem to overrule the positive ones, and in its current form it is not sustainable. The local inhabitants report about a decrease in argali and ibex during the last years; they receive basically no economic benefits from hunting tourism; and not surprisingly, 70% of the population rejects the further development of the industry in its current shape.     

Service-oriented,sustainable, local food value chain – A case study

Many developing countries depend on tourism as their main engine for economic development, but sustainability is often a concern. In the absence of inter-sectorial linkages between tourism and other industrial sectors, opportunities for trickledown benefits to host communities are stymied. For decades, researchers have been contending with issues related to strengthening agriculture and tourism linkages as a strategy to maximize economic linkages. This service-oriented approach to the local food supply chain is posited as a new model in which agriculture and hotel linkages can be advanced. We collected data about local food hotel supply through interviews with key stakeholders. The findings from our exemplary case study confirm that strengthening inter-sectorial linkages have benefits for stakeholders. This case study suggests that there are opportunities for tourism policies that foster local food linkages with high-end accommodation properties as a strategy to spread the economic spin off from tourism and also to encourage youth involvement in sustainable tourism development.     

The effects of economic benefits on place affect: the mediating role of perceived values and non-material life satisfaction

This research aims to test the impacts of personal economic benefits from tourism, perceived values, non-material life domain satisfaction on place affect to rural community. Data were collected from rural community, Ningde, China, and a structural equation modeling approach was used. The findings show that personal economic benefits from tourism is positively associated with perceived values and non-material life domain satisfaction, but not positively related to place affect. Perceived values and non-material life domain satisfaction mediate the relationship between personal economic benefits from tourism and place affect. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed for the rural community.     

Human resources development for tourism in rural communities: A case study of Kerala

Considering the relative backwardness of rural areas, human resources development (HRD) seems to have a very important role in rural tourism development. However, tourism HRD in rural communities is affected by a number of drawbacks. In the absence of any significant private sector presence, especially during initial stages, the public sector need to take the initiative in equipping and empowering the local community to meaningfully participate in tourism. This paper suggests a multi‐pronged approach to educate and empower the members of the host community, the tourism industry personnel, and visitors to facilitate rural tourism development, which is sustainability‐oriented and can help localize the benefits. The experience of Kerala provides an example of how the public sector initiated HRD activities could contribute to the development of rural tourism, especially in engendering local entrepreneurial endeavors and giving tourism a higher profile. The Kerala experience represents some of the issues in HRD for rural tourism and suggests potential strategies for other rural communities involved in tourism development.