All-Out for Victory! Magazine Advertising and the World War II Home Front

Three main factors determine the effect of advertising campaigns: message content strategy, advertising expenditure and previous consumer behaviour. This study investigates the relative strength of each of these influences. Four possible campaign targets are taken into account: campaign recall, campaign likeability, brand recall and intention to purchase the advertised brand. A study of 40 advertising campaigns, evaluated on average by 1200 consumers, shows that, after controlling for the effect of previous purchase behaviour, the effect of message content strategy is generally larger than the effect of advertising expenditure. Nevertheless, more media expenditure positively influences campaign recall and influences brand recall and purchase intention of small brands. The most effective message content strategy differs per campaign target, but overall awareness and likeability strategies are most effective. For purchase intention only, the emotions strategy can be advised. The information strategy is best avoided.     

世界银行和IMF等预计:全球经济有望明年上半年开始复苏

世界银行3月31日发布的《全球经济展望》更新版预计2009年世界货物和服务贸易总量将会下降6．1％,为80年来最大降幅。而世界经济将下降1．7％,其中发展中国家GDP增长将从2008年的5．8％降至2．1％,OECD国家将下降3％,其他高收入经济体将下降2％。该展望报告同时预期,全球经济增长将在2010年开始转向微弱复苏,预计明年世界GDP增长将温和上升至2．3％。然而,复苏的速度和时间仍然十分不确定。     

Nigeria in the Global Economy

This paper provides a perspective on Nigeria’s global economic position and integration into the world economy. While other emerging market economies have benefited from globalization, there is concern that African countries continue to be marginalized. Among African countries, Nigeria is one of two major countries with strong potential to harness the opportunities and meet the challenges that the global economy could provide. Nigeria has the largest population in the continent and has been growing rapidly, due in part to gains from economic reforms and rising prices of oil. However, Nigeria’s integration into the global economy has been below potential. While it has improved its global rankings on indicators of competitiveness, business climate, and productivity in the past five years, it still ranks below most of its peer group on these indicators. It is among the poorest countries in the world in terms of social indicators despite oil wealth. Further integration into the global economy would require sustained policy reforms, improved governance, and public-private investments in social, human, and physical infrastructure. This paper is part of research on “The SANE as Africa’s Growth Poles: How Africa’s Big Four Could Power the Continent.” The SANE comprises South Africa, Algeria, Nigeria, and Egypt.     

India and the Global Economy

India’s booming knowledge-based sectors demonstrate the power of globalization to transform developing economies. For India, however, these industries are just part of its contribution to the global economy. For a more nuanced picture of India’s international economic position, this paper places India in international and historical context, examines its links to the world through trade, labor, and capital, and outlines some critical challenges facing the country. What emerges is a more complex picture of India -- a nation with far more to offer than skilled programmers but which must address problems of poverty, infrastructure, and governance to achieve its potential. JEL Classification O530     

Caveat Emptor: Ethical Chauvinism in the Global Economy

The tendency of American business schools to teach a "universal" set of ethical standards and managerial perspectives can have a serious impact on the business practices of new graduates as well as on the success of companies desiring to do business globally. We need to become more sensitive to other cultural/ethical approaches and to sensitize our business students to them early in their academic process in order to encourage the use of common-norming to attain mutual economic benefit. We can understand this process through the application of anthropological principles to ethical constructs.     

中国经济:2010年回顾与2011年展望

2010年我国经济运行呈现"高速平稳、前松后紧"的局面。2011年,我国经济仍将保持高位平稳较快增长态势,预计GDP增长速度将会保持在10%左右。"稳中求进,难中求解"将成为2011年中国经济运行的主基调。     

Russian Competitiveness in the Global Economy

Abstract

Using data on Russia's competitiveness collected by our research team as part of the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report (GCR), literature on competitiveness, in particular Michael Porter's theories on economic development and competitiveness, and benchmarking data from the global competitiveness project for other countries, this paper analyzes Russia's comparative strengths in its macro and microeconomic competitiveness. We investigate Russia's movement in ranks over a three-year period, discussing Russia's strengths in its macroeconomic climate and the weaknesses of its institutions. We illustrate the effects of these on three-key growth industries in Russia: oil, IT outsourcing, and the food sector.     

G20：More Action to Shore up Global Economy

At the summit on April 2 in London, leaders of the G20 reached consensus on how to save the i..world out of the financial crisis,including a pledge of US$1.1 trillion, of which China contributed US$40 billion, to revive the world economy, a joint call to fight protectionism, and concrete actions to tighten banking regulation.     

Regulating the European Sharing Economy: State of Play and Challenges

The past years have seen an extraordinary proliferation of sharing economy platforms, and the largest platforms have fast become global enterprises with market capitalisations that exceed competitors with “traditional” business concepts. These developments call into question a number of regulatory matters and pose new questions for national and European-level regulators.     

世界银行：2008年全球经济展望

<正>世界银行2008年1月9日公布了《2008年全球经济展望》报告,对2007年和2008年的世界经济作了回顾和展望。现择要如下:发展中经济体尤其是中国的较快发展将舒缓全球经济滑坡     

Labor Standards in the Global Economy: Issues for Investors

In the mid-1990s, global labour standards emerged as a new and important are of concern for socially responsible investors, especially with respect to investments in the "problematic" footwear, apparel, and toy industries. In this paper, I elucidate the primary areas of concern for investors and discuss a framework for evaluating firms' labor standards performance. In addition, I argue that today's sweatshop debates follow closely those of centuries ago, with the standard economic defense of low wage manufacturing on the one hand, and the activists' protests against poor conditions and wages on the other. An examination of this historical context reveals a promising middle ground in this ongoing debate.