Making the ‘Invisible’ Visible: Redevelopment‐induced Displacement of Migrants in Shenzhen,China

Gentrification in China is intertwined with urban redevelopment, which causes the large‐scale displacement of rural–urban migrants from ‘villages in the city’ (ViCs). Because of the informality of ViCs, migrant renters have very insecure tenancy and during redevelopment they are treated as a negligible (‘invisible’) social group. As they are very difficult to locate after displacement, they are also literally invisible to researchers. To make the invisible visible, this study traced a sample of displaced migrants from Huangbeiling village in Shenzhen. The focus was on the displacement process and on identifying the consequences for the displaced. We found various forms of displacement during the redevelopment process. Nearby ViCs were prioritized by displaced migrants to minimize as much utility loss as possible. However, they generally suffer from decreased proximity, increased living costs, and the loss of social networks and job opportunities. Remarkably, some choose to return to the gentrifying village, enduring displacement in situ caused by increasing rents, drastic physical neighbourhood changes and declining liveability, in exchange for retaining their original social and economic networks. Large‐scale urban redevelopment is causing the rapid shrinkage of informal housing. Recognizing and addressing the housing needs of this impoverished social group is a matter of urgency.     

我国城镇住房供应结构问题的初步研究

重点分析了影响城镇住房供应结构的家庭收入及居住消费、人口及地区属性等因素,从住房价格及面积结构、购房者、住房市场及城市化等方面研究了住房供应结构的现状及其问题,提出了初步建议。     

Family Arrangements and Children's Education Among Migrants: A Case Study of China

As China is experiencing an urban revolution with massive rural-to-urban migration, millions of children are profoundly affected by their parents’ migration and their decisions about family arrangements. With the discriminatory hukou system and harsh living conditions in cities, the dilemma migrant parents face is whether they should take their children with them to the city or leave them behind. This decision determines the household, school and community environments that children live in, which, in turn, shape their well-being. With a unique strategy of comparing ‘left-behind children’ to ‘migrant children’ and a gendered perspective, this article examines how different family arrangements among migrants and consequent housing conditions and gender dynamics affect children's educational well-being. Our findings demonstrate the complex impact of family arrangements on children, which is conditioned by wage income and the gender of the absent parent and the child. We find that children from less favorable socio-economic backgrounds benefit more from moving to cities. Children living with both parents and those living with their mother or grandparents tend to do better. While the effect of housing conditions is marginal, family arrangements have a gendered effect on children. Related policy recommendations are provided.     

地方城乡规划管理制度的渐进改革和完善:以温州为案例的研究

以温州市为例,从实施管理的角度和层面讨论地方城乡规划制度渐进改革与完善的途径.在对温州市规划管理机构设置、职能权限、管理体制调查研究的基础上,对其现行的规划管理制度从6个方面给出了总体分析和评价,指出了存在的7个问题及其原因.最后结合我国城市规划管理制度的改革要求,提出了温州市规划管理制度改进和完善的若干对策和建议.     

城中村非正规住房供给市场形成原因分析——以深圳市为例

快速城市化背景下,"城中村"非正规住房逐渐成为城市居住格局的重要组成部分。以深圳市为例,探讨不同利益主体在"城中村"非正规住房供给过程中的角色及相互关系。研究发现,地方政府、村集体、城中村村民、合作建房者和外来人口构成了"城中村"非正规住房供给过程中的主要利益主体,并承担着不同的角色和功能,形成了以城中村村民为核心的关系网络。利益主体相互关联形成不同类型的利益共同体,共同推动"城中村"非正规住房的形成和发展。在此基础上,提出了"城中村"非正规住房的管治方向与建议。     

二代优先:当前城市户籍政策调整的一种思路

城市户籍政策调整对于统筹城乡发展、促进社会和谐有着至关重要的战略意义.本文在充分剖析当前户籍制度改革困境的基础上,提出了“二代优先”的户籍政策调整新思路,即允许流动人口子女先于父母双方获得城市常住户口,其基本前提是其父母已经在该城市就业、居住达到一定的年限.这一政策可以较好地与现有落户政策衔接,具有较高的可行性,并且有...     

Breaking With Neoliberalization by Restricting The Housing Market: Novel Urban Policies and the Case of Hamburg

Hamburg currently exemplifies the departure from a straightforward neoliberal urban track. The city's neoliberal path only moved into full swing in the first decade of the 2000s. During this period, urban development was primarily subject to property market mechanisms—with projects being granted to the highest bidder—prompting effects such as rapidly rising rents, deepened social segregation and increased property‐led displacement. Since 2009, however, the city's entrepreneurial urban policy encountered comprehensive resistance movements that eventually led to the rediscovery of a political will for a new housing policy and interventionist policy instruments. This article focuses on the turning point of neoliberal policies and examines the wider scope of the contemporary urban agenda in Hamburg. We first conceptualize potential limits of the neoliberal city in general and then discuss three momentous local policy experiments—the International Building Exhibition, promising ‘improvement without displacement'; the rediscovery of housing regulations through the ‘Social Preservation Statute'; and the ‘Alliance for Housing', aiming to tackle the housing shortage. We discuss these approaches as funding, regulation, and actor‐based approaches to limiting the neoliberal city.     

我国保障房融资问题研究

住房关系民生,保障性住房的建设对于房产结构的调整具有积极意义。目前,保障房融资问题是制约保障房建设的瓶颈。文中分析了我国保障房融资现状和问题,并有针对性提出相应的解决措施。     

我国普通商品住房供求的影响因素及其稳定性研究

本文利用1997年到2009年全国以及各地区的房地产面板数据,借鉴蛛网模型的相关理论,构建供给与需求的联立方程,选择固定效应IV估计法拟合面板联立方程模型,对普通商品住房供求的影响因素及其稳定性进行了实证研究。结果表明,我国的普通商品住房市场处于不稳定状态,普通商品住房当期及滞后期的价格、城镇人均可支配收入、城镇就业人口、土地购置面积、经济适用房、别墅的供求状况等因素都对普通商品住房的供求变化产生较为显著的影响。     

城市基层社会治理改革问题分析——以贵阳市为例

社会治理是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要组成部分,基层是联系政府和群众的基础组织,城市基层社会治理改革关系城市高速发展、跨越发展、和谐发展之命脉。传统的治理模式、治理主体、治理体系已然不能满足社会发展,城市要发展必须要进行基层社会治理改革;政府已意识到多重治理主体介入城市基层治理的必要性和重要性,其中城市公民参与程度对城市基层社治理改革的影响毋庸置疑。以贵州省贵阳市为例,从公民参与视角对城市基层社会治理问题进行分析,提出在电子信息化快速发展的治理时代,重视引导公民参与,才能形成有效治理体制与机制,形成政府、社会、公民共同承担的"协同治理"的新模式。     

康居住宅电气设计的探讨

康居住宅是我国目前住宅产业的发展方向，也是住宅发展的必然趋势。文章论述康居住宅电气设计的技术要点，对二次装修中电气设计应注意的问题以及智能技术的运用作了积极的探索，并结合多年电气设计实践提出了自己的见解。     

城市历史街区的动态保护规划研究——以中国一汽历史街区为例

城市历史街区是一个城市的缩影和象征,集中体现了一个城市深厚的文化底蕴,反映了城市的文化特质和精神气氛.历史街区保护是一个动态过程,必须兼顾历史与现在、物质与非物质关系,同时要处理好保护与利用、继承与更新等多方面的关系.中国一汽历史街区是长春市的重要历史街区,在保护规划中,应充分考虑其价值和现状,从强化空间景观规划、建立...     

城市化社会认同度及湿地资源环境评估研究——从深圳居民感知视角

深圳湾红树林湿地是世界上唯一位于市区的国家红树林自然保护区湿地,随着深圳市30多年的快速城市化发展,生态环境趋于脆弱。不少学者已针对湿地生态系统的生物群落、无机环境以及系统的修复和重建等进行了大量研究,而从居民感知的视角对城市化认同度及湿地资源环境评估的研究在国内较少见。研究运用意愿调查价值评估法对保护区周边居民进行了访谈与问卷调查分析。得出居民存在环保意识强、环保知识弱、对城市化社会认同度高、对现状满意度低的结果,为城市的经济、资源与环境可持续发展提供了参考依据。     

手机定位数据在城市规划基础调查中的适用性研究——以深圳市高新园区为例

近年来,手机定位数据越来越多的应用于城市规划基础调查。但文献显示,大部分研究集中于较大尺度(城市、区域)范围下的城市问题,中小尺度的研究则相对较少。主要原因是手机定位数据的适用性受定位精度和地理情景等因素影响,而且这种影响随着研究尺度的缩小而扩大。从手机定位数据的定位精度问题和研究具体问题所遇到的不确定地理情境问题两个方面,对手机定位数据在城市规划中小尺度下基础调研中的适用性进行分析,并通过对比手机定位数据和问卷调查数据,以深圳高新园区员工的居住地分布特征为例子,验证手机定位数据在中小尺度下的适用性。     

The Weaknesses of Civic Territorial Organizations: Civic Engagement and Homeowners Associations in Urban China

China's massive transformation in urban governance, which is characterized by breaking the link between workplace and residence and consolidating state territorial agencies at the grassroots level, has profound implications for urban residents. While community building is employed as a deliberate (top‐down) approach to restore a governable urban society, the establishment, development and problems of bottom‐up civic territorial organizations — homeowners associations — are garnering increased attention from academia. Based on field research conducted in Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Meizhou in Guangdong Province from 2009 to 2011, we show that civic engagement, a necessary condition for the development of homeowners associations, is inadequate across urban communities. To understand why, we identified and analyzed three elements — lack of awareness of partitioned property ownership, the hidden costs of civic engagement and deficiency in social capital — as factors that impede civic engagement across urban communities. These elements also provide yardsticks for scholars to evaluate why, whether and how homeowners (dis‐)engage from neighborhood affairs.     

影响中国城市增长的因素:地级及以上城市的实证检验

论文以国内外相关城市增长理论为基础,构建了分析中国城市增长的系统模型,并利用206个城市1990年与2005年的社会经济统计数据进行了实证研究.研究结果表明:(1)中国城市的经济增长主要是由劳动生产率提高而非人口规模增长推动的;(2)政府财政支出和城市人力资本积累是目前中国城市经济增长的主要驱动力;(3)人力资本积累并没有在工资增长上得到体现;(4)城市公共设施和环境的改善引致了城市人口增长,但对城市经济发展却没有明显的作用.在以上研究结果基础上,论文提出了保持城市可持续发展的一些政策建议.     

Formalization by the State,Re‐Informalization by the People: A Gecekondu Transformation Housing Estate as Site of Multiple Discrepancies

This article demonstrates residents' transformative practices and discusses attendant outcomes to contribute to an understanding of state‐built housing estates for people affected by urban transformation projects. It draws upon ethnographic fieldwork conducted in a social housing estate (K‐TOKI) in the Northern Ankara Entrance Urban Transformation Project (NAEUTP). It addresses questions on why formalization of informal housing takes place today, under what conditions it is countered by re‐informalization practices, and what the outcomes of this process are. As informal housing became formalized by NAEUTP, gecekondu dwellers were forced into formalized spaces and lives within K‐TOKI, which was based on a middle‐class lifestyle in its design and its legally required central management. Informality re‐emerged in K‐TOKI when the state's housing institution, in response to the estate's poor marketability, moved out, allowing residents to reappropriate spaces to meet their needs and form their own management system. When cultural norms that are inscribed in the built environment and financial norms that treat residents as clients conflict with everyday practices and financial capabilities, the urban poor increasingly engage in acts of informality. I argue that the outcome of this informality in a formal context is a site of multiple discrepancies.     

基于预算约束的商品房价格形成机制研究

我国商品房市场上存在一定程度的预算约束。本文通过类比的方法,参考经典预算约束方程,得出了商品房交易市场的预算约束方程,并在此基础上通过理论分析和实证分析得出了商品房价格形成机制。笔者认为,流动性、城市化、人均可支配收入、交易量、持有成本为商品房价格的主要影响因素。从预算约束角度出发对商品房价格的形成机制进行研究,对政府的住房需求治理具有一定的参考意义。