International Transmission Mechanisms and Contagion in Housing Markets

This paper explores international transmission mechanism and its role in contagion effect in the housing markets across six major Asian cities. The analysis is based on the identification of house price diffusion effects through a global vector autoregressive (GVAR) model estimated using quarterly data for six major Asian cities (Hong Kong, Tokyo, Seoul, Singapore, Taipei and Bangkok) from 1991Q1 to 2011Q2. The empirical results indicate that the open economies heavily relying on international trade such as Singapore, Japan (Tokyo), Taiwan (Taipei) and Thailand (Bangkok) show positive correlations between the economy's openness and house prices, which is consistent with the Balassa–Samuelson hypothesis. Interestingly, some region‐specific conditions also appear to play important roles as determinants of house price movements, which may be driven by restrictive housing policies and demand–supply imbalances such as Singapore and Bangkok. These results are reasonably robust across several model specifications. The findings bear significant implications for formulation of investment strategy and public policies.     

我国国际资本流动影响因素的实证研究

本文对1982-2004年期间我国的国际资本流动状况及其影响因素进行了实证研究。研究结果表明:我国国际资本流动存在着数量上波动性和方向上双向性之特点,其主要影响因素是人民币汇率预期,其次是物价水平和名义汇率,而利率因素的影响并非显著。其政策含义是,在当前内外经济条件下,人民币升值并非可举之策;但在长远,资本流动的双向性决定了浮动汇率制度是我国汇率制度改革的必然选择。     

中国企业境外上市的反思及策略建议

中国企业境外上市在数量上和融资规模上均呈现持续、快速的上升态势。当前,中国企业境外上市存在的主要问题包括拟上市企业信息披露不规范、缺乏境外市场的选择经验、对境外融资代价缺乏充分认识和内部控制机制薄弱。文章进一步就中国企业的国际资本市场进入现存问题给出了相关的策略建议。     

地缘政治风险、政策不确定性与短期国际资本流动

在开放经济条件下,通过构建一个基于地缘政治风险、政策不确定性以及短期国际资本流动的TVP-VAR-SV模型,在控制宏观经济因素和市场因素后,分析地缘政治风险和政策不确定性对我国短期国际资本流动的时变影响。结果表明,地缘政治风险和政策不确定性对短期国际资本流动具有明显的时变负向短期影响特征,宏观经济因子、中美利差和人民币升值预期对短期国际资本流动具有基础性影响,短期国际资本流动具有显著正向自反馈效应。基于上述结论,将地缘政治风险和政策不确定性风险纳入宏观审慎监管的框架,有利于对短期国际资本流动进行短期管理,防止短期国际资本流动出现较大幅度波动。     

金融发展、制度质量与国际证券资本流动

本文以47个经济体2000-2016年的数据为样本,利用迭代GMM方法在规模和波动双视角下研究了金融发展和制度质量对国际证券资本流动的影响及其机制,并在此基础上进一步考察了这一影响在不同类型经济体以及不同种类国际证券资本中的异质性,估计结果如下.(1)金融发展有利于国际证券资本流动规模的增加,但未显著降低其波动风险,制度质量在吸引和稳定国际证券资本流动方面均发挥了积极作用.(2)当资本账户开放处于较高水平时,金融发展在吸引国际证券投资方面的作用较强,在稳定国际证券投资方面的作用较弱.(3)高制度质量通过改进主权信用评级影响了国际证券资本流动.(4)异质性结果表明,从不同类型经济体看,发达经济体的金融发展促进了国际证券资本流动规模的增加,新兴经济体的金融发展降低了国际证券资本流动的波动风险,而发达经济体的制度质量在吸引和稳定国际证券资本流动方面均比新兴经济体发挥了更重要的作用;从国际证券资本种类看,金融发展增加了股权资本流动的波动风险,制度质量在吸引和稳定债券资本流动方面均发挥了积极作用.因此,中国需要继续完善金融体系,不断提升制度质量,同时注意防范资本账户开放过程中可能出现的金融风险传染和金融不稳定对国际证券资本流动的冲击.     

国际资本流动对中国货币政策影响的实证研究

本文分析了1994年以来资本流动对我国货币政策和宏观经济运行产生的影响.在开放经济的"三元冲突"中,中国选择了固定汇率、较严格的资本管制和较大的货币政策独立性,即用少量货币政策独立性的丧失换取有限度的资本流动.但在这种组合下,随着我国资本流动规模的扩大,货币政策独立性也将进一步丧失.对于中国,货币政策的自主权至关重要,除非有能力继续维持更严格的资本管制,否则我国必须逐步扩大汇率的浮动区间.     

内部资本市场影响上市公司投资行为的实证研究

本文以2001-2009年附属于企业集团的中国上市公司为对象,实证检验了内部资本市场对公司投资行为的影响。结果发现,内部资本市场总体上与上市公司的投资行为存在显著的关联性,并且国有企业内部资本市场一方面会加剧过度投资,另一方面也会对投资不足起到缓解作用,而民营企业的内部资本市场一方面会弱化过度投资问题,另一方面也会导致投资不足变得更加严重,从而表明内部资本市场运作在不同的产权特征下会表现出不一样的经济后果。     

The Challenge of Electronic Markets for International Business Theory

We examine the extent to which the eclectic paradigm of international production, and its composite theories, can help explain the coming E-commerce revolution. Our findings are that the basic tenets of the paradigm appear to hold well, but the operational application of several of the constituent parts and the context in which they are being considered, need to be redefined in the light of some of the unique characteristics of Internet transport.     

中国资本市场发展的目标框架研究

加入WTO之后,解决中国资本市场发展过程中所面临的融资结构调整问题就变得更为迫切和必要。本文强调直接融资和间接融资之间的信息敏感度差异,并且从市场信息结构和整体金融市场的角度来分析和设计中国资本市场未来发展的目标框架,指出了当前大力发展中国资本市场的现实切入点和若干误区。     

阜新中小企业利用多层次资本市场融资问题思考

阜新中小企业由于自身规模小、实力弱、抗风险能力低,在发展过程中普遍遇到了资金紧张、融资困难、融资渠道单一,直接融资比例低等现实困难。面对这种局面,扶持中小企业利用多层次资本市场进行直接融资已成为助推阜新中小企业发展的重中之重。阜新市政府应结合阜新中小企业实际情况,帮助企业对接资本市场,推进企业股份制改造;携手著名投行,培育上市资源;鼓励中小企业,参与多层次资本市场融资,以此解决中小企业融资难的问题,最大限度地发挥企业优势,从而提高公司的整体实力和综合竞争能力。在今后相当长的一段时间内,新三板和区域性股权交易中心将成为阜新中小企业进行直接融资的重要场所。     

Country-of-Origin Premiums for Retailers in International Trades: Evidence from eBay's International Markets

Using real-world transaction prices in the Internet auction Web site eBay's U.S., U.K., and global markets, the authors study the price dispersion of homogeneous products related to the sellers’ country-of-origin. For both tangible and intangible products and services, sellers from the United States enjoy a price premium. This premium appears to stem from country-of-origin equity instead of trading risk or product quality. The findings of this research suggest potential profitable opportunities in international trade by employing the retailer's country-of-origin as an arbitrage tool.     

货币幻觉与我国城市住宅估值

我国城市住宅租金收益率随着名义无风险利率和主观风险溢价的提高而提高,与货币幻觉假设相吻合,说明在高通货膨胀时期,投资者降低估值倍数,低估市场;低通货膨胀时期,提高估值倍数,高估市场。近年来在长期低通胀环境下,尽管我国几大城市实际租金指数保持稳定,但是投资者受到货币幻觉的影响,提高住宅市场的市盈率,从而高估房价。     

Conceptualising Globalisation A Symposium for the World Economy

This paper discusses a central element in globalisation debate little addressed by economists, namely the interactions at global, national and community levels between globalisation and societally based values. Social values refer to wider notions of collective identity; religious values, attitudes towards materialism, moral beliefs, and a sense of collective awareness and are a broader and more encompassing concept than social capital discussed in recent economics and sociology literature. Social capital relates to trust, honesty and the social fabric of accepted norms central to the successful implementation of individual optimising decisions and denotes a communal asset reflecting strength of joint collective commitment whose amount can be increased or improved upon through investment of time and resources. Social values are much discussed in sociological literature going back to Comte, Durkheim, Parsons, and others. The issues taken up here are how different social values might interact and change as societies and their economies integrate (globalise). Processes of value competition, displacement and joint assimilation occur naturally to economists, but seem little studied by sociologists who seemingly place less stress on analytical comparative statics. Scenarios for how values can interact under globalisation are discussed in the text.     

Revisiting the Bright and Dark Sides of Capital Flows in Business Groups

Prior studies report that the business group structure and the associated intra-group capital flows are prone to conflicts of interest between controlling shareholders and minority investors. Yet business group is a prevalent and stable structure around the globe, particularly where capital markets are underdeveloped. Using data from China, this paper empirically studies the trade-off between the negative and positive roles played by intra-group capital flows and tests the efficiency implications of such trade-off. We find that from the perspective of the whole group, intra-group capital flows are most efficient when the groups are least subject to conflicts of interest between controlling shareholders and minority shareholders and when they face strong external financing constraints.     

内部资本市场价值创造影响因素分析

从新制度经济学和资源基础理论视角,实证研究了内部资本市场价值创造问题。研究结果表明,监事总规模、高管薪酬、高管持股、企业家高学历比例、利息保障倍数、每股经营活动现金净流量与内部资本市场价值创造正相关,公司高管决策一致性、企业家平均年龄和企业规模与内部资本市场价值创造负相关,关系资源、信息资源的量化指标对内部资本市场价值创造产生的影响不显著。     

The Determinants of Pricing Strategies for Industrial Products in International Markets

ABSTRACT

The global marketplace is becoming increasingly complex in which to conduct business. Firms marketing consumer goods have a somewhat easier time than those selling industrial products, since more has been written about them and the international consumer goods have been analyzed for a longer period of time. In addition, the international marketing literature, has looked more at the elements of product, promotion and place than price. This literature gap has created a void in the understanding of marketers as to how to effectively price industrial products in international markets.

The paper identifies the important industrial pricing strategies in international marketing and examines the underlying determinants that affect their outcome. In addition, the specific causal relationships between the determinants and pricing strategies are examined through a logistic regression analysis.