行为财务学发展路径探析

起步于1980年代的行为财务学被誉为财务学领域里的"显学"。综合国内外相关文献,作为一门年轻的学科,其深入研究才刚刚起步,迄今尚未形成完整的理论体系。本文秉持奥地利经济学派的观点,从行为财务学的理论基础、研究方法、学科定位、应用范围等方面对行为财务学的发展路径进行了若干思考,以此避免行为财务学的研究陷入昙花一现的热情和工具论窠臼。     

笃学善行

我觉得财务是一门专业知识和经验相结合的学问,需要不断地学习新知识并通过实践深化和提高。在过去的财务工作中,我频繁地与相关资深人员沟通,参加财务相关的专业学习,积极参与财务专业团体如CFEI、CFEC, CFODC的学习及《新理财》杂志社等机构举办的财务相关的会议和培训。     

实证会计研究的方法与方法论：哲学基础与研究范式

实证会计研究是对会计与财务行为的经济解释,其意义在于学术积累以及为案例教学提供经验证据,而不是着眼于政策建议。本文就实证会计研究方法与方法论的哲学基础以及研究范式进行了理论分析与探讨,并结合我国实证会计研究的发展现状,提出具体措施促进我国开展本土化、规范化的实证会计研究。     

财务学的基本理论框架

建立财务学的基本理论框架,有助于明确财务学研究的主要问题,定义财务决策的基本概念,演绎一般性的财务原理和结论。它不仅控制着财务论题能被有意义地探询和追问的方法,还影响着各种理财观念被投入实践和规范财务决策行为的方式。这样的理论框架能够为在动态演变的理财环境下研究财务学的基本问题和分析方法提供一个基础,并成为所有后继理论延伸的本原。本文依据"科学研究纲领方法论",借鉴经济学理论的分析框架,从财务环境刻画、财务研究视角和技术以及财务理论模型三大方面,梳理财务学的基本理论脉络。     

对金融经济学理论的全面阐述——陆家骝教授的《现代金融经济学》评介

金融学是研究如何在不确定性的环境下，通过资本市场，对资源进行跨期最优配置的一门经济学科。时间与不确定性是金融学的主要问题。金融学领域基本包括两个主流：投资学与公司金融。投资学主要是探讨金融市场和金融资产定价模型与投资组合。公司金融主要是探讨公司实物投资与财务运作的决策过程，一般来说，投资学的研究方向是金融资产的理论定价和理论模型的实证检验。而公司金融的研究主要是利用实际公司资料做实证检验，主要的研究方向有：股利政策、借债政策、破产与重组、兼并与收购、多角化经营和股权结构等。金融经济学作为金融学基础理论，可为建立金融建模提供理论支持与帮助，相当于机械与建筑设计中的力学，可为许多后序课程提供理论基础，是金融理论的最基础课程。国外     

财务困境成本理论与实证研究综述

本文对财务困境成本的存在性、分类、计量以及经验估计等相关理论和实证研究进行综合评述,最后探讨财务困境成本的未来研究方向,指出基于公司财务特征、公司治理和股权结构等多维视角研究财务困境成本的影响因素,并提出构建预期财务困境成本指数具有理论意义和应用价值。     

论公司财务概念框架

公司财务学领域需要借鉴其他相近学科的经验,关注概念框架的研究。财务的性质和职能始终是公司财务概念框架的研究起点,国内外从来都没有真正意义的目标起点论。公司财务概念框架内含财务本质与职能、财务环境与假设、财务目标、财务对象与要素、财务分析和财务管理工具箱等一系列概念。在构造公司财务概念框架时,需要对确认、计量和报告三个概念在会计与财务之间加以区别,确立财务确认、财务计量和财务报告三个新概念。     

"双翼财务学":重构财务学科新体系的另类思考

财务学应是一门以资金流、行为流、文化流为主要管理对象的应用型管理学科。然而,在传统的财务学学科体系中是不考虑文化及其财务文化的。本文试图打破“技术主义”的迷思,从财务文化的本质即“人化”、财务文化的核心即“观念”、财务文化的作用即促进“企业持续发展”等方面阐述财务文化学在财务学科体系中的重要地位,并以此建构“双翼财务学”———“技术”和“文化”为两翼的财务学科新体系。     

Stephen A.Ross资产定价理论文献综述

<正>资产定价是财务学研究的重点领域,也是现代证券投资理论的核心,Stephen A.Ross对资产定价进行了深入的研究。本文从两个方面对相关文献进行整理:一是从假设和应用等方面对资本资产定价模型提出质疑,二是套利定价理论的提出和实证检验。     

论制度财务学构建

目前为止,公司财务学还是按照基于工程学方法的数理财务学体系建构的,其理论和逻辑缺失导致了财务学理论的贫困化现象,惟一的出路是在数理财务学之外再开辟财务学研究的新路径和新领域,制度财务学的提出和构建就是其中最重要的选择。制度财务学是基于四个基本命题而构建的,在内容上至少涵盖五大板块,即制度视角的公司财务目标结构、内生于公司财务行为的制度结构、具体财务运作中的制度分析、财务网络结构与制度安排及财务伦理研究。     

行为金融:理论及其中国实践

2002年诺贝尔经济学奖的颁发无疑确定了行为金融理论在经济学中的重要地位,并对现代金融理论提出了强有力的挑战.本文在综合国内外研究成果的基础上,着重就其主要内容、实践意义以及在我国证券市场上的实证分析等方面对该理论进行了详细深入的论述,并对其研究前景作出了展望.     

Intelligent finance—an emerging direction

Intelligent finance represents a new direction recently emerging from the confluence of several distinct disciplines in financial market analysis, investing and trading, removing any historical or artificial barrier between them. It is conceived as the science, technology and art of the comprehensive, predictive, dynamic and strategic analysis of global financial markets, towards a unification and integration of academic finance and professional finance. As a comprehensive approach, it is a quest for absolute positive and non-trivial returns in investing and trading by exploiting complete information about financial markets from all general perspectives, drawing ideas, theories, models and techniques from many related academic disciplines, such as macroeconomics, microeconomics, academic finance, financial mathematics, econophysics, behavioural finance and computational finance, and from professional schools of thought, such as macrowave investing, trend following, fundamental analysis, technical analysis, mind analysis, active speculation, etc. In terms of risk management, intelligent finance is expected to minimize the very last risk—the incompleteness of an investing or trading method or system. The theoretical framework of intelligent finance consists of four major components: financial information fusion, multilevel stochastic dynamic process models, active portfolio and total risk management, and financial strategic analysis. We first provide the background from which intelligent finance has recently emerged as a new direction in finance research and industry, and then provide a brief theoretical review of the predictability of financial markets since Bachelier. After these background discussions, we clarify the major research directions of intelligent finance.     

Finance models as metaphors

Quantitative models in the social science of finance such as the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model (OPM) are metaphors. They cannot be applied literally, but do provide us with figurative knowledge—an epistemologically meaningful form that might legitimately be called a “useful framework,” as the CAPM is commonly referred to in textbooks. This paper describes the scientific value of metaphors and discusses why the OPM ought to be seen as one and what this might mean. As a result of finance research and the development of what has been called “modern finance theory,” of which the CAPM and OPM are important parts, we can certainly understand financial relationships much better, but that “understanding” is quite different from what our research methods imply that it is.     

从教科书的变迁看西方财政学的演进

通过对西方当代和20世纪40年代的经典财政学教科书的比较发现,六十年来西方财政学在研究方法和研究主题方面发生了深刻变化.从研究方法看,今天的西方财政学大量引入经济理论,使用计量经济学手段从研究主题来看,今天的西方财政学者们关注的问题与六十年前已有很大差异.这种演进为我国的财政学研究提供了一种有益的研究框架和研究视角,其研究成果也给我国的财政学发展以有益启示.     

Calculating profit: A historical perspective on the development of capitalism

The paper introduces the notion of different methods of calculating and analysing profitability as signatures of capitalism at different stages of development. Its point of departure is Bryer’s thesis of the capitalist mentality, which is subject to theoretical and empirical critique and developed in new directions. Interactions between the development of the productive forces and the socialisation of capital ownership jointly impact on these signatures, such that profit calculations are historically contingent. Aspects of feudalism, particularly restrictions on usury impacted upon accounting calculation, retarding their development. In the industrial revolution calculations reflected the scale and scope of specialised investment in plant, whilst the progressive socialisation of capital prompted a separate set of calculative practices. It was only in the 20th century, with the unification of large scale industry and finance capital that the modern notion of profitability as return on capital employed finally developed.     

Toward a Positive Theory of Corporate Financial Policy

This paper offers an alternative theoretical structure to the neoclassical valuation model that has been the cornerstone of theories of finance for a quarter of a century. It begins by outlining the neoclassical model in simple but surprisingly robust terms. More recent extensions and refinements are then discussed. The alternative model, which does not rely on modern financial economic theory but which is consistent with real world empirical behaviour, is developed next. Finally, a new research agenda for finance is proposed.     

财务理论范式革命与财务学的制度主义思考

正统财务学的研究范式是承袭主流经济学的“理性选择范式”。由于该范式没有把制度纳入财务分析框架 ,因此在财务理论建构和财务实践上均有一定缺陷。企业财务行为的社会性和制度性 ,决定了新制度主义与财务学进行理论耦合的可能性。解决正统财务学的理论与现实缺失 ,需要实现从技术主义财务学向制度主义财务学的重大转变。     

Bridging the gap between accounting and finance

I suggest that the separation of the academic disciplines of accounting and finance has had some detrimental consequences for the development of research and practice in both disciplines, and especially in finance. I argue that an understanding of financial statement numbers and the accounting principles on which they depend – the accounting microstructure – can be important in developing better valuation and asset pricing models and in identifying relevant dimensions of risk. Therefore finance research can benefit from assimilating recent advances in accounting research. Similarly, accounting research relevant to valuation and asset pricing can benefit by adopting theoretical perspectives and empirical methods from finance research.     

绿色金融、绿色创新与经济高质量发展

在可持续增长理论的基础上,本文将减排技术内生化,建立带有环境约束并包含金融部门的经济增长模型,解释了绿色金融通过支持绿色创新提升经济增长质量的内在机制。这一理论得到了基于中国省级面板数据中介效应分析的支持。本文为绿色金融的经济学建模提供了新的思路,推进了绿色金融的“功能”理论,论证了绿色金融对经济增长质量影响的“绿色创新渠道”,这意味着绿色金融不限于对少数清洁行业的支持,针对高污染、高能耗行业内部环保技术升级的金融服务也至关重要,是未来绿色金融政策需要关注的问题。     

证券市场机构投资者投资行为分析

本文基于信息经济学和行为金融学的框架,考虑信息成本和投资者的有限理性,建立模型进行分析。通过实证研究进一步发现,中国证券市场的机构投资者的投资行为趋于价值化、长期化,而且上市公司质量、政府监管、机构投资者数量和中小投资者的学习能力对机构投资者的行为均有重要影响。基于实证结论和我国现实情况,提出相关建议。