福建省上市公司成长性与资本结构关系的实证研究

公司的成长性是公司管理者、投资者等相关利益者共同关心的问题,也是公司未来价值之所在.资本结构是企业自有资本和债务的比例.一个合理的资本结构不仅有效地决定企业市场价值,同时对企业的融资成本、企业产权分配、治理结构以及通过资本市场对整个总体经济的增长等多方面都有一定影响.本文通过实证研究,分析成长性对资本结构的影响,以及资本结构对成长性的影响,得出成长性与资本结构之间的相互关系,以帮助管理者对在不同环境下应筹资的数量和期限做出决策,也可为管理者在制定如何推动企业长期增长的策略方面提供可靠的理论基础.     

市场、技术、资本结构与企业所有权安排

本文从要素所有者视角分析企业的契约性质，并从中提炼出企业理论所要解决的经营者选择和激励问题，这一问题的有效解决可借助于企业资本结构（即债权融资或股权融资的比例）的优化调整实现企业所有权（剩余索取权和控制权的分配）的最优安排。但资本结构的优化又受到每个企业所面临的不同市场条件和技术条件的约束。由此得出的结论是，不同的企业应该依据其市场与技术条件导出其最优的融资条件和方式以实现企业所有权的最优安排和企业绩效的最大化。     

财务目标与融资行为浅探

西方资本结构理论研究是随着人们对企业财务目标的不断重新认识而向前发展的。西方学先是将企业价值最大化作为管理层融资的目标；接着认为企业价值最大化与管理层的自利动机存在冲突，但市场力量与财务契约的联合作用会促使管理层以企业价值为重，从而放弃自利行为；最后认识到企业的融资行为是在一定的公司治理结构下做出的，它主要服从管理层的意志，由管理层效用最大化目标决定。     

资本结构的治理效应分析

资本结构对企业治理结构的影响通常也称为资本结构的治理效应，是指企业通过对资本结构中债务融资和股权融资的选择，从而对企业治理效率产生的影响。资本结构是指债务融资与股权融资的比例。本特对债务融资与股权融资的治理效应作些探讨。     

优化资本结构,提高企业治理效率

资本结构一般是指企业的自有资本与负债资本的比率及其关系,当前我国企业一般把“资本成本最低,企业价值最大”作为衡量其资本结构优劣的唯一标准。笔者认为这仅仅是从量的角度来考虑资本结构的好与坏,一个企业资本结构的优劣还应体现出它的质,而这个质体现在它对企业泊理效率的影响上,因为企业的资本结构一旦确定,对企业的剩余要求权、固定要求权、混合要求权也就相应确定下来,从而也就形成了企业的泊理结构。因此,企业的资本结构与企业的治理效率有着紧密的联系,一个好的资本结构应能促进企业得到有效的治理,本文就企业可选择的发行股票、留存收蔬、债务融资、混合融资这几种融资方式与企业治理的关系进行阐述,希望对优化我国企业资本结构,完善企业治理具有一定的借鉴意义。一、普通股筹资与企业治理发行普通股票筹资对企业治理效率的影响是通过对经营人员一定的激励与约束机制来体现的。1.激励效用。企业发行普通股票筹资,可以通过市场明确企业的产权界限,明确企业的责任和投资者的权利,促进企业建立完善的治理结构和良好的经营机制。在人力资本日益受到重视的今天,对经理人员的激励就显得尤为重要,允许经理人员持有股份或增加持股会激励他们为了增加自己的财富而更加努力的工作,...     

国内上市公司的股权融资偏好及其调整

我国上市公司的资本结构呈现与西方的“融资优序理论”不同的特点，即资产负债率普遍偏低，上市公司更偏好股权融资。通过分析这种融资结构的成因，提出改进融资环境和调整资本结构比例的对策，以图提高资本市场的融资效率，促进企业改革和改善企业治理结构。     

中小企业融资结构与企业价值

主流的关于融资结构理论考察的企业价值和融资结构都是以有效率资本市场为前提，而能在有效率的公开资本市场上融资的一般都是大企业，这些理论是否适合于对我国中小企业融资结构与企业价值的分析，有待检验。本文假设：1．在无效率的资本市场下，企业融资结构同样影响企业价值；2．我国的中小企业融资结构对其企业价值存在负影响，并利用武汉市中小企业数据资料的统计分析证实了假设。     

产品市场需求与寡头企业的资本结构决策

从战略角度看,寡头企业的资本结构与其所处的产品市场有直接联系：寡头企业的产品市场决策通过“有限责任效应”和破产成本影响企业的资本结构决策。如果产品市场需求发生变化,企业会调整其产品市场决策,从而相应地进一步改变最优资本结构决策。产品市场需求变化的方向（上升或下降）、强度不同,企业的资本结构决策也会有不同的改变。     

我国上市公司融资现状分析

企业的融资行为是一定时期社会融资体系的反映。在特定的市场环境下，企业将根据自身条件，诸如资本成本、税收、风险与收益等多种因素选择合理的融资方式。本文力图通过对我国上市公司融资情况与国外的比较分析，进一步揭示其成因，以不断完善我国上市公司的治理结构，促进债券市场的发展。     

基于风险理论的资本结构决策模型研究

不同的资本结构对企业的资本运作成本、风险分担、净收益以及公司治理等方面存在差异性,企业必须选择最适合自身的资本结构。在对资本结构理论与决策方法模型分析的基础上,对企业资本结构的合理确定进行理论模型探讨。     

仁义礼智信忠孝新论

仁、义、礼、智、信、忠、孝是儒家伦理学中的基本概念，也是中国古代化中的基本概念．本立足于这些概念的字学基础，通过逻辑思辩的方法，试图给它们以新的阐释。     

第一是位置，第二是位置，第三还是位置

工业园区、经济特区在一个国家经济稳步快速发展中发挥着不可忽视的作用，这样的例子比比皆是，越南也不例外。到目前为止，越南国内已经建有154家注册在案的工业园区，多集中在北、中、南重要经济区域内。虽然这些工业园区对越南经济发展贡献巨大，但是，其中许多家正式投入运营多年，园内仍空空如也，只有少数工业园区的使用面积比率和发展速度达到开发商预计的目标。     

跨国农业垄断公司对中国农业产业链的多维渗透及破解思路

近年来,以ABCD四大粮商和孟山都等为主要代表的跨国农业垄断公司加速从资本、技术和服务领域对中国农业产业链进行渗透。在资本方面,跨国农业垄断公司已在中国进行深耕,并开始进入更多细分市场;在技术方面,对核心技术的高效转化和集中掌握使其占据了农业产业链的制高点;在服务方面,对贸易、加工、仓储等服务环节的渗透使其获得了高额利润。中国农业企业是抵御跨国农业垄断公司渗透的根本,但目前中国农业企业的竞争力整体上低于跨国农业垄断公司,未能掌握核心技术、因投资回报率低而不愿深耕农业以及市场机制被扭曲是中国农业企业竞争力不足的主要原因。面对跨国农业垄断公司的多维渗透,中国应加强“监督审查”以构筑农业产业发展安全网,强化“创新引领”以打造农业企业核心竞争力,主动“扎根县域”以厚植农业企业的国内发展根基,积极“乘船出海”以拓展农业企业的全球发展空间,坚持“市场主导”以优化农业企业运营市场环境,进而谋求中国农业企业与跨国农业垄断公司的竞争均势。     

Alliance competence, resources, and alliance success: Conceptualization, measurement, and initial test

This research examines the effect of an alliance competence on resource-based alliance success. The fundamental thesis guiding this research is that an alliance competence contributes to alliance success, both directly and through the acquisition and creation of resources. Using survey data gathered from 145 alliances, empirical tests of the hypotheses provide support for the posited explanation of alliance success. The findings indicate that an alliance competence is not only antecedent to the resources that are necessary for alliance success but also to alliance success itself. C. Jay Lambe (Ph.D., The Darden School at University of Virginia) is an assistant professor of marketing in the Pamplin College of Business at Virginia Tech. For 10 years prior to entering academe, he was engaged in business-to-business marketing for both Xerox and AT&T. His research interests include business-to-business marketing, relationship marketing, marketing strategy, and sales management. He has publications in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, theJournal of Product Innovation Management, theEuropean Journal of Marketing, theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, theInternational Journal of Management Reviews, theJournal of Business-to-Business Marketing, and theJournal of Relationship Marketing. He also serves as a reviewer for theJournal of Business-to-Business Marketing. Prior to joining the faculty at Virginia Tech, he was one of five Texas Tech University faculty members chosen in 1999 from the entire university for the annual Outstanding Faculty Member Award by the Mortar Board and Omicron Delta Kappa (Texas Tech University student organizations that recognize excellence in teaching). Robert E. Spekman is the Tayloe Murphy Professor of Business Administration at the Darden School at the University of Virginia. He was formerly a professor of marketing and associate director of the Center for Telecommunications at the University of Southern California. He is an internationally recognized authority on business-to-business marketing and strategic alliances. His consulting experiences range from marketing research and competitive analysis, to strategic market planning, supply chain management, channels of distribution design and implementation, and strategic partnering. He has taught in a number of executive programs in the United States, Canada, Latin America, Asia, and Europe. His executive program experience ranges from general marketing strategy, to sales force management, to channels strategy, to creating strategic alliances, to business-to-business marketing strategy, to a number of single-company and senior executive management programs. He has edited and/or written seven books and has authored (coauthored) more than 80 articles and papers. He also serves as a reviewer for a number of marketing and management journals, as well as for the National Science Foundation. Prior to joining the faculty at the University of Southern California, he taught in the College of Business at the University of Maryland, College Park. During his tenure at Maryland, he was granted the Most Distinguished Faculty Award by the MBA students on three separate occasions. Shelby D. Hunt is the J. B. Hoskins and P. W. Horn Professor of Marketing at Texas Tech University, Lubbock. A past editor of theJournal of Marketing (1985–87), he is the author ofModern Marketing Theory: Critical Issues in the Philosophy of Marketing Science (South-Western, 1991) andA General Theory of Competition: Resources, Competences, Productivity, Economic Growth (Sage, 2000). He has written numerous articles on competitive theory, macromarketing, ethics, channels of distribution, philosophy of science, and marketing theory. Three of hisJournal of Marketing articles—“The Nature and Scope of Marketing” (1976), “General Theories and Fundamental Explananda of Marketing” (1983), and “The Comparative Advantage Theory of Competition” (1995) (with Robert M. Morgan)—won the Harold H. Maynard Award for the best article on marketing theory. His 1985Journal of Business Research article with Lawrence B. Chonko, “Ethics and Marketing Management,” received the 2000 Elsevier Science Exceptional Quality and High Scholarly Impact award. His 1989 article, ”Reification and Realism in Marketing: in Defense of Reason,” won theJournal of Macromarketing Charles C. Slater Award. For his contributions to theory and science in marketing, he received the 1986 Paul D. Converse Award from the American Marketing Association, the 1987 Outstanding Marketing Educator Award from the Academy of Marketing Science, and the 1992 American Marketing Association/Richard D. Irwin Distinguished Marketing Educator Award.     

我国服务贸易发展中的问题、成因和对策研究

改革开放以来,我国对外服务贸易取得了快速增长。但由于服务贸易发展的基础不牢、服务产业结构不合理等原因,致使我国的服务贸易发展存在总体发展规模相对滞后、贸易商品集中于传统领域等问题。促进我国服务贸易又好又快发展,需要社会各界,特别是有关政府部门、相关企业及行业协会等各类主体相互配合、共同努力。     

理解凭单制:渊源、机制、模式及运用

凭单制作为政府改革工具,实质是在公共服务中引入市场机制的一种制度安排。它渊源于新自由主义经济学,从消费者角度通过强化其选择权而巧妙植入市场竞争机制。凭单制存在公平导向、效率导向及公平与效率兼顾等不同政策取向及模式。尽管它在公共部门需要一定的运作条件,但能广泛运用于包括食品、住房、医疗、教育、幼儿保健等具有融合特征的"福利物品"提供领域。     

Child labor legislation: effective, benign, both, or neither?

This paper explores the relationship between the state-specific child labor legislation and the decline in child labor that occurred in the US between 1880 and 1900. The existing literature that addresses this question uses a difference-in-difference estimation technique. We contribute to this literature in two ways. First, we argue that this estimation technique can produce misleading results due to (a) the possibility of multiplicity of equilibria and (b) the non-linearity of the underlying econometric model. Second, we develop an empirical strategy to identify the mechanism by which the legislation affected child labor decisions. In particular, besides establishing whether the legislation was effective or not, our analysis may determine whether the legislation constituted a benign policy or not, i.e., whether the legislation constrained the behavior of families (not benign) or whether it changed the labor market to a new equilibrium in which families voluntarily respected the law (benign).     

Materialism, status signaling, and product satisfaction

The consumer satisfaction literature has not, for the mos part, integrated individual values into the product evaluation process. Yet a comprehensive understanding of consumer satisfaction can best be attained by including both consumer and product factors. To demonstrate the usefulness of including individual values, this research focuses on one consumer value, namely, materialism. The authors empirically explore how this individual value is linked to consumers’ evaluations of products they have purchased. Using surveys, the authors collected data from a sample of college students (n=211) and a sample of adults (n=270). Across these two studies, using divergent samples and products, they find consistent evidence that materialism is negatively related to product satisfaction in product categories with high potential for status signaling, but unrelated to product satisfaction in product categories with lower potential for status signaling. The consumption goals that produce these product evaluations are empirically addressed Jeff Wang (jianfeng76@yahoo.com; PhD, City University of Hong Kong) is an assistant professor of marketing in the Faculty of Business at the City University of Hong Kong. This work was conducted when he was a doctoral student of marketing in the Eller College of Management at the University of Arizona. His research interests include social networks and consumer behavior, consumer satisfaction and well-being, materialism and consumption meanings, and consumer interests and public policy issues. His dissertation studies credit card debt as a socially embedded phenomenon and investigates how consumers leverage their interpersonal ties as they accumulate and repay their debt. Melanie Wallendorf (mwallendorf@eller.arizona.edu) is Soldwedel Professor of Marketing in the Eller College of Management at the University of Arizona. She holds an MS in sociology and a PhD in marketing from the University of Pittsburgh. Her articles on the sociocultural aspects of consumption have been published in theJournal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing Research, Advertising and Society Review, Addiction, Journal of Macromarketing, andAmerican Behavioral Scientist, among others. Her coauthored article on “The Sacred and Profane in Consumer Behavior” won theJournal of Consumer Research Best Article Award in 1992. Her research has been featured in theWall Street Journal, The Washington Post, The New York Times, American Demographics, andFortune, and has been funded by the Marketing Science Institute, the Arizona Disease Control Research Commission, and the Office of Earth Science at NASA.