The efficient paths to infinity in closed leontief models

For a simple Leontief technology, the results of finite-horizon turnpike theorems are extended to the case of infinite horizon. Further qualitative information is obtained about the set of efficient programs. Uniqueness is discussed, and shown by an example to be not true in general.     

Non-linear DSGE models and the optimized central difference particle filter

We improve the accuracy and speed of particle filtering for non-linear DSGE models with potentially non-normal shocks. This is done by introducing a new proposal distribution which (i) incorporates information from new observables and (ii) has a small optimization step that minimizes the distance to the optimal proposal distribution. A particle filter with this proposal distribution is shown to deliver a high level of accuracy even with relatively few particles, and it is therefore much more efficient than the standard particle filter.     

Representation of ANOVA models with vectors and vector spaces

Summary The use of vectors and vector spaces for the representation of the fixed-effects models for the analysis of variance (ANOVA) is well-known. This representation gives a clear understanding of the estimation and hypothesis testing problems.
A similar representation can be used for the random-effects models and some mixed models. As a result the distribution and the expectation of the mean squares in the ANOVA table can easily be derived.     

The spatial structure of production with a leontief technology – II: Substitute techniques

The structure of the optimal spatial pattern of production is studied when there are dependencies among production units which can be described by a Leontief technology with substitute techniques, and when there is a single marketplace of final demand, the CBD. Transportation cost is proportional to distance. The various goods are produced in rings. There are a finite number of patterns in which these rings are arranged, and they can be obtained by a finite algorithm. The particular pattern depends on the final demand. Hence there is no ‘non- substitution’ theorem. ‘Reswitching’ of techniques can occur, that is, in an optimal pattern a technique may be operated at large and small distances from the CBD, but not at intermediate distances; this contradicts prevailing beliefs about optimal capital/land profiles.     

Equilibrium in abstract economies without ordered preferences

We extend a theorem of G. Debreu on the existence of equilibrium in a generalized N-person game (‘A Social Equilibrium Existence Theorem’). Applying standard techniques the result can be used to prove the existence of equilibrium in economies with interdependent preferences, price-dependent preferences and preferences which may be both non-transitive and non-complete. This generalizes a recent theorem of A. Mas-Colell.     

Quasi-equilibrium in abstract economies without ordered preferences

A definition and an existence proof for quasi-equilibrium in abstract economies is presented When applied to a standard economy this definition coincides with the regular notion of a quasi-equilibrium given by Debreu.     

Entrepreneurship of an institutional field: the emergence of coworking spaces for digital business models

International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal - Coworking spaces have been proliferating world-wide in urban and rural areas while facilitating entrepreneurship and new, especially digital...     

技术创新的非线性成长

人们已经发现在自然、社会领域中存在许多复杂现象。本文试图运用复杂科学的有关原理解释在隔离外部环境的技术创新过程本身就是非线性的,而外部环境对技术的创新过程主要呈线性关系。由此,可以预测技术创新的总趋势是一个愈来愈强的波动式过程。     

非线性建筑设计分析

在设计非线性建筑的过程中,立面设计通常与它的性能与逻辑的结合会形成一定的矛盾,这种矛盾对非线性设计产生具有一定的负面影响。怎样处理这种冲突,并利用有效的方式进行处理,是非线性建筑设计过程中极为重要的一项问题。文章对此进行了相应的探讨。     

配电网自动化中故障处理模式研究

信息技术的发展为电力系统自动化注入了活力,在网络、通信等信息技术的推动下,电力系统的自动化正在从自发的自动化向统一的、系统化的综合自动化发展.文章主要阐述了配网自动化的状况及故障处理模式.     

配电网自动化中故障处理模式研究

信息技术的发展为电力系统自动化注入了活力,在网络、通信等信息技术的推动下,电力系统的自动化正在从自发的自动化向统一的、系统化的综合自动化发展。文章主要阐述了配网自动化的状况及故障处理模式。     

变速器拨叉的材料非线性分析与研究

本文针对变速器用某拨叉的材料非线性分析方法和验证进行研究。本文详细介绍了某拨叉材料非线性的加载、仿真分析和结果的验证对比过程。同时,以某拨叉的线性分析和非线性分析的适用工况、二者分析结果的精度进行对比分析,提出了合理化的分析方法选择的建议。最终全面地完成了某拨叉分析工况的确定和分析精度的判断。     

浅谈抽象艺术品在软装饰行业中的流行

抽象元素以其强大的生命力迅速成为装饰行业的新宠,并且可以提供选择和参考艺术流派很多,与各种工艺交叉会不断产生更多新工艺品,在肌理和视觉震撼力以及文化意义的追求上各有千秋,目前,装饰行业处于大的审美取向变化周期之初,抽象艺术品由于其装饰性和适应性强、创作空间广阔并且与东方传统文化的再一次结合而异军突起,其发展前景被广泛看好。     

Oil dependence and entrepreneurship: Non-linear evidence

This study examines the empirical nature of the oil dependence-entrepreneurship nexus, building on recent research that extends the “resource curse” beyond its effects on economic growth. For the period from 2006 to 2018, the sample includes 115 countries at various stages of economic development. Using panel threshold methods, we discover an inverted U-shaped relationship, indicating that even small increases in oil rents increase entrepreneurship below the threshold. Globally, oil rents above a threshold of 77 % stifle entrepreneurship. Regional differences and institutional vulnerability act as moderators.     

非线性编辑课程开放性实验教学改革探讨

非线性编辑课程是教育技术学专业学生的必修课,课程性质要求学生在掌握基本理论知识的基础上,重点突出实践能力的培养。本研究基于笔者所在学校的教学实际条件,结合非线性编辑课程实验教学的特点,创造性地运用开放性实验教学策略。教学结果表明,开放性实验教学策略能够切实有效地提高课程教学效果,大幅度提升学生的实践操作能力。     

减小电网非线性负载谐波畸变率的方法

本文主要介绍在工业控制电网中由非线性负载所造成的谐波电流畸变问题所采用的4种技术,给出了相应的检测系统框图,做了电力系统电能质量监测系统测试的数据进行建模仿真实验,这种方法具有较高精度和较好的实时性,在电气化铁道供电系统中推荐使用。     

Sociology,history, and the abstract perspective

Our discussion is initiated as a response to the claim that sociologists should become “more historical” in their orientations. The issues are old, but every generation frames its own response. Our response is developed by appeal to intuitive convictions arising out of experience with mathematical models of social phenomena. We make a distinction between historical and sociological processes at a metaphysical level; that is, these two types of processes exemplify different categories of existence. Next we make this point of view concrete by using the idea of a model of social mobility as an example. The discussion then centers on problems related to the search for general laws. We frame a “fallacy of misplaced generality” and against this background discuss how the idea of scope conditions, used in conjunction with formal models, leads to a method for coping with the difficulties inherent in the effort to frame general sociological theories.     

Probability theory in fuzzy sample spaces

This paper tries to develop a neat and comprehensive probability theory for sample spaces where the events are fuzzy subsets of The investigations are focussed on the discussion how to equip those sample spaces with suitable -algebras and metrics. In the end we can point out a unified concept of random elements in the sample spaces under consideration which is linked with compatible metrics to express random errors. The result is supported by presenting a strong law of large numbers, a central limit theorem and a Glivenko-Cantelli theorem for these kinds of random elements, formulated simultaneously w.r.t. the selected metrics. As a by-product the line of reasoning, which is followed within the paper, enables us to generalize as well as to bring together already known results and concepts from literature.Acknowledgement. The author would like to thank the participants of the 23rd Linz Seminar on Fuzzy Set Theory for the intensive discussion of the paper. Especially he is indebted to Professors Diamond and Höhle whose remarks have helped to get deeper insights into the subject. Additionally, the author is grateful to one anonymous referee for careful reading and valuable proposals which have led to an improvement of the first draft.This paper was presented at the 23rd Linz Seminar on Fuzzy Set Theory, Linz, Austria, February 5–9, 2002.