农户小额信贷风险:表现、成因与应对策略

农村信用社农户小额信贷是我国小额信贷的主流,该信贷制度目前面临的突出问题之一就是农户的还贷率低、信贷风险日益增大。导致这一问题的表层原因是农业生产中不可避免的自然风险、小农户对市场变化缺乏灵活反应的市场风险以及农户的道德风险和信用社的逆向选择,而深层次原因     

Involuntary saving,unanticipated inflation and the rationality of expectations formation: Some empirical evidence

Conclusions There are a number of reasons why previous empirical work on the validity of the novel hypothesis of consumer behaviour outlined by Deaton must be interpreted with extreme caution.     

农民组织化：理论分析与现实困境

文章分析了农民组织化的理论依据，指出了实现农民组织化的六大现实困境；提出了提高农民组织化程度的政策建议；重点分析了政府对农民组织的引导扶持，以及农民组织的自我管理与创新。     

农民组织的愿景构建——基于山西省永济市蒲州农民协会的个案分析

愿景为组织文化的组成部分，建立共同愿景，进行愿景管理，实现愿景构建，利于组织成员的团结融合，利于组织的长期发展。农民组织也是如此，农民协会需要明确目标，辨明角色，长远打算，以此推进自身组织的长期健康发展。这里以蒲州农民协会为例，明确五种角色，具体途径是通过四个定位来实现农民组织共同愿景的构建。     

Capitals and Capabilities: A Framework for Analyzing Peasant Viability, Rural Livelihoods and Poverty

On the basis of themes emerging in current debates on rural development in Latin America, this paper develops an analytical framework for analyzing rural livelihoods in terms of their sustainability and their implications for rural poverty. The framework argues that our analyses of rural livelihoods need to understand them in terms of: (a) people’s access to five types of capital asset; (b) the ways in which they combine and transform those assets in the building of livelihoods that as far as possible meet their material and their experiential needs; (c) the ways in which people are able to expand their asset bases through engaging with other actors through relationships governed by the logics of the state, market and civil society; and (d) the ways in which they are able to deploy and enhance their capabilities both to make living more meaningful and to change the dominant rules and relationships governing the ways in which resources are controlled, distributed and transformed in society. Particular attention is paid to the importance of social capital as an asset through which people are able to widen their access to resources and other actors.     

Stock market rationality and price volatility: Tests using Japanese data

This paper tests the stock market rationality hypothesis, which implies that a stock price is determined as the discounted sum of optimally forecasted future dividends. Mankiw-Romer-Shapiro volatility tests and new volatility tests which do not use the unobservable “ex post rational price” are applied to the data from a stock market in Japan. A Hausman type specification test of the market rationality hypothesis is also developed and applied to the data. The results suggest that we cannot reject the hypothesis that the Japanese stock market is rational. A couple of variance inequalities are violated by the data but the violation does not seem to be significant. J. Japan. Int. Econ., December 1987, 1(4), pp. 441–462. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.     

三农与市场--以明清经济发展为例

本文主要讨论的问题，其一、在地主制经济体制下，中国传统社会特点，及其与市场经济相结合缘由；其二、三农兴衰与市场兴衰紧密相连；其三、中国传统社会里，商业发展与不发展，关键在于重农政策贯彻好坏，而不是什么重农抑商的结果。     

从一个新的角度来认识抗租抗税斗争

农业、农村、农民问题一直是中国经济和社会发展的核心问题，受到国内外学界的广泛关注，也始终是中国经济史研究的热点，白凯博士（Kathryn Bernhardt)一直从事江南农村社会问题的研究，其博士学位论文《农村社会与太平天国运动：1820－1991年的东南》（“Rural Society and Taiping Rebellion:Te Jiangnan from 1820 to 1911”，就是以太平天国运动前后至清末的江南农村社会为对象，积十余年之功力，她在1992年出版了《1840－1950长江下游地区的租税及农民的反抗》（“Rent,Taxes,and Peasant Resistance:The Lower Yangzi Region,1840-1950”，Stanford University Press)一书。本有有幸拜读，兹将此书作一简要介绍，以飨读者。     

Sanctions and Leniency to Individuals,and its Impact on Cartel Discoveries: Evidence from the Netherlands

Many competition authorities employ a leniency programme to fight cartels. We examine the impact of the introduction of sanctions and leniency for individuals responsible for the cartel, on the number of cartel discoveries. In our empirical study of the Dutch leniency programme, we find that this did not lead to more cartels being desisted as the number of cartel discoveries decreases over time. An analysis of characteristics of cartel members shows harsher enforcement after the revision, which indicates that the decrease in cartel discoveries is in line with higher cartel deterrence. Nevertheless, the number of cartel cases involving leniency actually decreases after the revision.