公共财政体制改革与政府会计问题探讨

1997年,财政部根据社会主义市场经济的要求,对预算会计制度进行了较为全面的改革,先后制定并颁布了《财政总预算会计制度》、《行政单位会计制度》、《事业单位会计准则》和《事业单位会计制度》,并于1998年1月1日起施行.这套会计制度与改革前的预算会计制度相比,会计核算体系更加系统,会计核算方法更加科学,会计确认、计量和报告程序更加规范,财务报告内容更加完整.但是,这次预算会计制度改革并没有达到预期的目标,也不能适应不断变化的客观经济环境的需要.本文主要结合当前我国公共财政体制改革的新形势,探讨如何对我国政府会计进行配套改革.     

重塑我国预算会计体系的思考

索预算会计是会计学科体系的一大分支,是核算、监督国家财政部门、行政事业单位预算资金的专业会计。目前在我国,预算会计体系问题直接涉及政府财政部门《预算会计基本准则》的拟定和预算会计制度体系的进一步完善,甚至直接涉及我国对整个会计体系重新划分。本文结合现有事业单位改革对重塑我国预算会计体系及其理论和实践意义进行探讨。一、我国预算会计体系现状及存在的问题我国在1998年实行新预算会计制度之前,预算会计体系主要由财政总预算会计和行政事业单位预算会计即总预算会计和单位预算会计两部分组成。1998年实行新预算会计制度,…     

中越行政事业单位会计制度比较及启示

我国行政事业单位会计制度从属于预算会计体系,随着我国政府职能的转化、预算管理和公共财政管理改革的不断推进,行政事业单位会计制度改革提上日程.越南的行政事业单位会计制度于2006年颁布,正与国际公共部门会计准则体系日益趋同.中越两国在政治体制、经济发展程度等方面有着很多相似之处,比较中越两国行政事业单位会计制度,学习和借鉴越南行政事业单位会计改革的经验,有利于推动我国目前的政府会计改革.     

浅析我国现行预算会计的改革

随着我国市场经济体制和财政预算管理制度改革的不断深化，我国预算会计的运行环境发生了很大的变化，但我国预算会计制度一直未见任何重大调整，其不适应性日益突出。因此，改革现行预算会计制度应是势在必行。文章分析了现行预算会计制度存在的缺陷并提出了一些改革思路。     

我国现行预算会计体系的创新路径探究

近年来财政管理体制发生了较大变化,预算会计制度与其宏观环境之间的矛盾日益突出,进行预算会计体系的革新迫在眉睫.本文从我国现行预算会计体系的特点和问题出发,探析了我国预算会计体系创新的实践路径.     

浅谈我国政府会计体系的弊端及改革思路

随着我国经济社会转型,财政管理体制改革不断深入,预算会计将面临着进一步改革.本文通过分析我国现行预算会计制度的缺陷,借鉴国际上发达国家政府会计改革的经验,提出我国政府会计体系改革的基本思路.     

政府会计与预算会计之间的区别与协调

我国现行预算会计制度是1998年开始实施,自从实施以来我国预算会计环境发生了很大的变化,但是这次改革并没有建立以政府及政府单位的整个财务活动为核心的政府会计,仍然是建立以预算收支为核心的预算会计,可以说是一次不彻底的改革,我国预算会计再次改革以适应新环境的变化已经逐步提到了有关部门的议事日程上来.本文通过对政府会计和预算会计的比较研究,明确我国目前政府会计改革存在的问题,提出对我国政府会计和预算会计的改革路径.     

政府预算改革对预算会计改革的影响

1、复式预算的进一步改革要求组织相应的完整的会计核算 我国现行复式预算的进一步改革,要求将公共预算、国有资本预算和社会保险预算等分开编制.这就要求我国的预算会计制度未雨绸缪,预先为之做好改革的准备.财政总预算会计应为之分别组织完整的会计核算,以反映和考核其运行状态.     

我国将从今年起实施新预算会计制度

财政部1997年9月发布了新的《财政总预算会计制度》、《事业单位会计准则（试行）》和《事业单位会计制度》,这是继企业会计制度改革后,我国对预算会计制度进行的又一次重大变革。根据财政部的规定,新的预算会计制度将从今年1月1日起在全国范围内正式实施。预算会计是以预算管理为中心的宏观管理信息系统和管理手段,是核算、反映、监督中央和地方预算以及行政事业单位收支预算执行的专业会计。此次预算会计制度改革的主要内容有：重新划分预算会计的体系,即在原来预算会计体系的基础上,将单位预算会计分解为事业单位会计和行政单位会…     

事业单位会计中权责发生制的应用

随着我国预算管理体制改革的进行,对预算会计制度也提出了新的要求,而现行的预算会计制度已经无法适应其要求,现行制度在运行的过程中遇到了新问题和新情况,因此,改革预算会计制度势在必行。引入权责发生制,对政府的会计信息体系进行完善是预算会计制度改革的主要内容。我国的事业单位正在深入的展开会计改革研究,所以人们开始更加关注我国事业单位会计中权责发生制的应用。对事业单位会计中权责发生制的应用问题进行探讨时,不仅需要结合管理财政的改革实践,更需要借鉴和研究国际经验。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Supply Chain Strategies in the UK Fashion Industry—The Rhetoric of Partnership and Realities of Power

This paper focuses on the fashion industry, one characterised by issues such as dramatic shifts in the scale and power of major retail buyers in the market, the advent of retailer own brands, and the nature of sourcing and supply chain decisions, issues that are increasingly global in nature. The aim of this research is to explore the nature of relationships between UK high street multiple fashion retailers and their contracted suppliers, many of whom are entrepreneurial firms by most definitions of the term. Four core themes emerge from the literature and provide a framework for the research, namely, power, process, partnership, and people. The research approach was qualitative, and conducted over a period of twelve months. The paper ends with an agenda for future research.