美墨贸易的发展与北美自由贸易区的前景

<正> 一、引言当今,世界经济区域化、集团化的趋势迅速发展,特别是在北美大陆,建立北美自由贸易区的筹备工作进展尤为迅速。《美加自由贸易协定》自1989年1月1日生效以来,已取得了初步成效。美国总统布什提出的“美洲事业倡议”以贸易、债务和投资三项原则为基础,同美洲各国建立一个世界上最大的自由贸易联盟。墨西哥政府对美墨自由贸易谈判的态度也已由冷淡变得积极起     

NAFTA与墨西哥玉米:预期与实际效果的比较分析

墨西哥是玉米的故乡。NAFTA将墨西哥的玉米进口许可证制度转化为关税配额制度,并在15年内逐步取消。墨西哥在NAFTA期间的实践表明,NAFTA对墨西哥玉米部门的预期效果并未完全实现,其原因包含政策变革等多方面因素。     

论北美自由贸易协定的经济影响

由美、加、墨三国参加的北美自由贸易协定的基本框架已经制定，如果三国均批准此协定，从1994年1月1日起该协定将正式生效。届时我们都将不得不面对这个世界上最大的自由贸易区了。本文对三国的经济现状及协定对美加墨三国的经济影响，对世界其它国家的经济影响及我国的经济影响作了简要的分析，并提出了一些可供选译的对策。     

东南亚金融危机对我国外贸影响的实证分析

东南亚金融危机对我国外贸影响的实证分析北京师范大学经济学院钟伟自从１９９７年７月以来，东南亚国家一直为金融危机所困扰。１９９７年７月，以泰铢与美元联系汇率制度的崩溃为导火线引发危机；在９月以后，则以韩国“大企业泡沫”的破裂和韩元的贬值为特征进一步加深...     

对外贸易影响就业的实证分析

青岛市对外贸易与就业之间存在相对稳定的动态均衡关系,即出口对就业有促进作用,但作用趋势在减弱;而进口对就业短期内有冲击作用,长期上有稳定的促进作用.山东省青岛市对外贸易出口拉动政策在一定程度上带动了经济增长,但可能不利于宏观就业目标的实现.     

服务贸易争端第一案——美墨电信服务争端案

美墨电信服务贸易争端是第一个由WTO专家组作出裁决报告的服务贸易争端，该案围绕各方对《参考文件》的不同理解，对电信服务贸易的规则特别是各成员的电信竞争规制作出了更清晰的阐释，这将深刻影响今后WTO框架下电信服务自由化的进程。     

对外贸易对我国经济增长作用的实证分析

进口和出口对我国经济增长作用的实证分析。已经屡见不鲜,本文构造了一个模型。利用有关数据。在实证分析的基础上探讨了进出口对我国经济增长的作用。并利用得到的结果,提出了一些建议。     

新亚欧大陆桥对我国沿桥省市贸易影响实证分析

新亚欧大陆桥的开通,为我国沿桥省市带来了极大的发展机遇。经过十多年的发展,沿桥省市的经济无论是从总量还是从结构上都有了巨大的变化。文章通过收集整理沿桥十省市近十多年的贸易数据,利用相关数据处理技术,从沿桥省市经济发展中的内外贸易这一个角度出发,对新亚欧大陆桥开通以来的经济影响力做实证分析,得到大陆桥的贯通对沿桥省市的外贸起到了很大的促进作用,但对内贸影响不是十分明显。     

墨西哥的贸易壁垒

墨西哥最近对自中国进口的部分机电产品取消了设限,但仍有一些产品继续设限维持原反倾销措施,向墨西哥出口的企业对此应予以注意。现提供以下信息供企业参考。墨西哥结束对从中国进口速溶咖啡机的反倾销行政复审墨西哥经济部于2005年11月10日     

浅论绿色贸易壁垒对我国对外贸易的影响

随着“环保时代”的到来，生态环境问题在人类的生存发展中越来越被关注。与此同时，随着全球贸易自由化和经济一体化趋势的加深，合理地利用环境资源，控制和减少环境污染成为各国发展其经济要考虑的主要问题之一：人们普遍认为，经济增长的代价之一即是环境恶化，而作为经济增长发动机的国际贸易，特别是自由贸易，则被看作是破坏环境的因素之一。     

The impact of single windows on trade

This paper is the first that quantifies the impact of single windows (SWs) on international trade globally. SWs function as a single point of entry and exit of the goods traded internationally and are therefore intended to facilitate trade. Using a structural gravity model for a panel of 176 countries from 1995 to 2017, we apply a log–log and a Poisson pseudo-maximum-likelihood estimator (PPML) with multidimensional fixed effects to evaluate the extent to which export and import flows vary depending on whether or not countries have operational SWs. The main results from the linearised gravity model suggest that total trade between two countries with functioning SWs increases by about 37%, of which 23 corresponds to exports and 14 to imports. The result from the PPML estimation also indicates a positive and significant effect, which is however much smaller in magnitude.     

Contextual analysis of legal systems and their impact on trade and foreign direct investment

Differences among nations in legal tradition play a role in foreign direct investment decisions by multinational firms. How large a role and to what degree these factors impact the success of foreign direct investment are important issues for examination. A principal question is whether macro-differences in legal systems are causal for international investment on a stand-alone basis or subordinate to multiple other legal variations and societal considerations. This article examines the historical roots and nature of varying legal systems, traditions, and cultures that continue to affect international business. The study analyzes other major conditions which surround the legal environment in investment target countries such as system transparency, degree of corruption, adequate enforcement, and issues of bias related to foreign-owned firms. In addition, firms may have varying strategic objectives for foreign direct investment which may not be driven by short term profitability.     

Estimating the impact of trade specialization and trade policy on poverty in developing countries

This paper investigates the impact of trade specialization on poverty. The empirical findings show that in developing countries manufacturing exports contribute to poverty reduction. But agricultural exports have a more significant effect on poverty in low-income countries. The analysis also confirms that trade specialization reduces poverty but under specific trade specialization patterns and policy conditions.     

The impact of the financial and economic crisis on world trade and trade policy

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The impact of the financial and economic crisis on world trade and trade policy     

Assessing the impact of communication costs on international trade

Communication costs are frequently cited as an important determinant of trade costs. We test this relationship by incorporating alternative measures of communication costs in a model of bilateral trade. We find that international variations in communication costs indeed have a significant influence on trade patterns. Furthermore, estimates using disaggregated data reveal that communication costs are more important for trade in differentiated products than for trade in homogenous products.     

贸易战对中美大豆期货影响的实证分析——基于DGC-T-MSV模型

本文以美国芝加哥商品交易所大豆期货价格指数以及中国大连商品交易所大豆期货价格指数为研究对象,构建带有Granger因果关系检验的T序列的动态相关系数模型(DGC-T-MSV),通过实证研究贸易战背景下中美大豆期货市场的均值溢出效应以及波动溢出效应。     

The impact of international trade on emigration in developing countries

This paper studies how international trade affects emigration in developing countries. This is a new aspect as previous studies investigated the impact of immigration on trade from host countries perspective. However, there are also reasons to believe that trade may affect the propensity to emigrate in the home countries, leading to potential brain drain in developing countries, especially given the theoretical hypothesis in Stolper–Samuelson (S–S) theorem within Heckscher–Ohlin (H–O) factor-proportion model that more educated workers are more likely to emigrate due to an increase in international trade. When low-skill abundant developing countries liberalize trade, the reward of the scarce factor (skilled labor) is reduced in these countries, but it increases in the high-skill abundant developed countries. Therefore, skilled workers in the developing countries see a strong incentive to migrate to developed countries. To test this hypothesis, this paper utilizes a panel of 133 developing countries for the period of 1980–2010 and finds that high-skilled workers are more likely to emigrate with trade while there appears to be no effect of trade on low-skilled workers.     

技术贸易壁垒对太阳能光伏对外贸易影响及原因分析

本文对技术贸易壁垒对太阳能光伏对外贸易产生的影响和其原因从国内外两个方面进行了分析,国外主要是贸易保护的因素,国内则是质量、技术以及标准化的因素。