Governing Networks in the Hollow State: Contracting out,process management or a combination of the two?

The hollow state is characterized by governing through networks. In this article, we explore the nature of the hollow state and trace and illustrate three basic uncertainties in the decision-making process which create complexity: knowledge uncertainty, institutional uncertainty and strategic uncertainty. Next, we elaborate the main characteristics of contracting out and address the issue of whether these fit the nature of the hollow state. Finally, we ask if the role of politicians should change given the characteristics of the hollow state. We conclude with some thoughts on effective management in the hollow state and the role of process management and contracting out.     

管理创新的\"力场\"分析

管理创新是在各种力的交互作用下产生的一种不规则性活动,只有当管理创新的动力大于阻力并取得支配地位时,管理创新行为才可能发生.管理创新的动力主要来源于需求拉力、竞争压力、利益内驱力、科技推力及政策激励力五个方面,而管理创新的阻力则主要来源于人的因素、组织的因素以及物质技术条件等.只有明确管理创新的\"力场\"构成,才能有目的地增强动力、克服阻力,实现增\"正\"减\"负\",从而推动管理创新活动的顺利进行.     

Network design in games with spillovers

How should an organization be designed in order to provide its members with minimal incentives to defect? And how does the optimal design depend on the type of strategic interaction between defectors and remaining organizational members? This paper addresses such issues in a game theoretic model of cooperation, in which an organization is formally represented by a connected network, and where gains from cooperation are given by a partition function. We show that critical structural features of the organization depend in a clear-cut way on the sign of spillovers. In particular, positive spillovers favor the adoption of dispersed and centralized forms, while negative spillovers favor cohesive and horizontal ones. Moreover, if the organizational form determines all the communication possibilities of members, a highly centralized organization—the star—emerges under positive spillovers, whereas two horizontal architectures—the circle and the complete—emerge under negative spillovers.     

中国民机研发组织体制创新研究

本文在阐述我国民机组织体制历史沿革的基础上,详细分析了目前我国民机研发组织体制的现状及其存在的问题。概括了当前国际民机巨头的研发组织体制创新要点,指出了与我国民机发展阶段相对应的组织体制创新路径选择。提出了我国民机研发组织体制创新的政策建议。     

The Government Service Delivery Project: A Case Study of the Push and Pull of Central Government Coordination

Fragmentation and the lack of appropriately coordinated government services are widely considered to be costly problems impeding effective and efficient government service provision. Moreover, there is a growing realization that many modern social issues have developed into meta-problems that cannot be resolved by the traditional single agency approach. Coordination of services through more cooperative and collaborative networks of relationships between government agencies has become a preferred strategy for many public administrators. This article gives an account of a public sector initiative aimed at enhancing service provision through the formation and management of interdepartmental networks of coordinative and cooperative action. It concludes that although networks are a useful mechanism of social coordination, their inherent benefits may be jeopardized when network management issues make them vulnerable to pressures from the centre.     

In search of alliance-level relational capabilities: Balancing innovation value creation and appropriability in R&D alliances

In order to advance our knowledge of alliance-level relational capabilities, this paper investigates how searching across different knowledge domains affects both innovation value creation and appropriability in R&D alliances. Focusing on the alliance level of analysis, we advance that, in R&D strategic alliances, search span has a curvilinear (inverted U-shape) relationship with value creation and a positive relationship with value appropriability. Our analysis on a sample of 1515 interfirm dyadic R&D alliances confirms these hypotheses. We find that, after a threshold level of search span, joint value creation decreases. Conversely, the allied firms’ ability to appropriate the value of their jointly developed inventions grows exponentially as the alliance search span increases. Thus, value creation and appropriability may have conflicting exigencies. We argue that firms involved in R&D strategic alliances should develop the interorganizational relational capability to jointly manage the process of search that occurs at the interorganizational level, and specifically the span of their search, in ways that balance the needs of value creation and appropriability.     

国有产业投资基金的投资后续管理要点分析

投资后续管理是产业投资的重要环节,主要包括监控管理和增值服务两方面内容。国有产业投资基金大部分为政府主导,投资后续管理存在着代理风险、增值服务欠缺、政府干预较多、管理人才缺失、管理水平较低等问题。建议设置特殊股权安排等激励和约束机制,降低代理风险;引入和充分调动社会资源为企业提供增值服务;加速推广有限合伙制,设立专门委员会等降低政府干预;与外资投资基金合作,加强内部学习,提高投资后续管理水平。     

高校图书馆服务理念与服务模式创新

本文以科学发展观为指导,坚持以人为本思想,立足校园和谐文化建设,联系高校图书馆实际,阐述高校图书馆的服务理念创新,有针对性地论述高校图书馆的几种服务模式,具有一定的借鉴作用和指导意义。     

企业创新与创新管理

本文探讨了企业创新的方式、速度和深度问题;从管理学的视角归纳了创新管理的八项基本原则;介绍了如何打造企业创新能力以及构建创新架构等创新实践内容。     

Communication channels,innovation tasks and NPD project outcomes in innovation-driven horizontal networks

Inter-organizational collaborations and horizontal networks are increasingly playing a pivotal role in innovations and new product development among firms. In this study, we investigate the link between the innovation task analyzability and the richness of communications channels used in network arrangements and the link between task analyzability and ties and project development time. We investigated the links based on the data collected from 372 respondents representing ninety three different innovation-driven horizontal networks. The results of structural equation modeling reveal a negative link from task analyzability to communication channel richness and a positive link from communication channel richness to ties. Communication channel richness was found to partially mediate the influence that task analyzability has on both NPD project outcomes of ties and development time. The implications of our results for theory and practice are discussed.     

The effect of participative management on organizational performance: the case of Taiwan

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of participative management on the behaviour of employees and the financial effectiveness of the enterprise. The analytical data are based on the survey of 308 Taiwan enterprises. Multiple regression results show that both suggestion system and labour-management committee have a positive impact on employees' behaviour in terms of turnover and absenteeism rates. Likewise, the quality control circle (QCC) and profit sharing have a positive impact on organizational effectiveness as seen in profit and revenue growth rates. However, employee stock-ownership plans and grievance-handling systems have negative effects on both performance indicators - employee behaviour and organizational effectiveness. The practical implications are also discussed.     

班级管理中的教育创新与科学管理

班级作为学校的基本单位,如何通过教育创新和科学管理实现班级群体的个性化塑造和社会需要之间的有效衔接,从而实现教育目标和教育功能,是摆在教育工作者面前的重要历史使命.文章通过对班级管理发展趋势以及班级管理功能的分析,提出应在班级管理中引入教育创新和科学管理的理念.     

城市社区管理模式创新的理论思考——大连市创立社会导向型"三位一体"社区管理模式的启示

在社会经济迅速发展的今天,社会功能和社会组织关系多元化现象越来越普遍.城市社区作为整合各种社会资源的基层单位,对创立新型城市社区管理模式的呼唤也越来越强烈.文章从我国现存的两种主导类型的城市社区管理模式所存在问题分析入手,对大连市创立社会导向型"三位一体"的城市社区管理模式进行了探索性研究,并将它与现存社区管理模式进行了比较分析,以期对我国城市社区管理模式的改革发展有所启迪.     

论领导行为，组织学习、创新与绩效间影响的实证研究

本研究提出一理论架构,将组织学习与组织创新作为解释领导行为与组织绩效间关系的主要中介变量。运用经济理论、管理理论和问卷调查研究方法,以台湾新竹科学园区的信息电子产业作为实证研究的对象,有效分析样本厂商共112家。分别以基本叙述统计、信效度分析、因素分析与典型相关分析等方法来进行实证并验证本研究所提出之各项假设。主要发现为:整体而言,本研究整体理论模式配置符合可接受的适合度检定水准,表示本研究的理论架构可获得支持,故组织学习与组织创新作为领导行为与组织绩效间的影响关系确实存在着。     

管理创新领域的构造及现实选择

管理创新域反映的是管理创新可能发生的时空范围,这个时空范围是由时间维、管理职能维、业务活动维和创新结果维构成的四维结构。管理创新活动既可以沿某一特定方向来展开,也可以多个方向来进行。单维度的管理创新形成了管理创新链,多维度的管理创新则构成了管理创新面。一般而言,管理创新域的选择主要有三种模式,即结果导向模式、职能导向模式和活动导向模式。但在企业管理创新实践中,比较重要且易于取得创新成效的管理创新领域主要有管理观念创新、管理组织创新、管理方式方法创新和管理模式创新。     

私营企业管理创新之管见

随着我国经济体制改革的深入,私营企业以其强大的生命力而不断发展壮大,现已成为推动国民经济发展的重要力量。私营企业必须创新管理机制,在企业内部管理上实现新的转变和突破。     

基于供应链管理的管理会计创新对策

知识经济的来临,使企业的市场竞争环境日益激烈、复杂,企业单独依靠自身的资源进行自我调整的速度,难以追踪市场的迅速变化,“横向整合”——供应链管理的模式随之产生。这种整合的趋势对管理会计产生了重大影响,促进了管理会计的改进和创新。本文重点讨论供应链管理对管理会计的影响,以及基于供应链的管理会计的观念、对象和方法等的创新。     

私营企业管理创新之管见

随着我国经济体制改革的深入,私营企业以其强大的生命力而不断发展壮大,现已成为推动国民经济发展的重要力量。私营企业必须创新管理机制,在企业内部管理上实现新的转变和突破。