吉林省新能源产业发展现状与前景展望

吉林省的风能、太阳能、生物质能、地热能和油页岩等新能源具有储量丰富等优势,并且在某些领域的技术研发和利用方面已经取得了积极进展,但同时也存在开发利用水平低、综合利用差等问题。文章认为,在国家大力推进新能源产业发展并给予强有力支持的背景下,新能源产业只有广阔的发展前景,吉林省应通过推广能源技术装备研发平台、科技产业园和制造研发基地建设、支持重点企业节能技术等措施促进新能源产业的快速发展。     

Energy Restructuring in China： Retrospects and Prospects

Thirty years have passed since China first adopted the policy of reform and opening up to the outside. Reviewing and appraising the advantages and disadvantages of the government＇s energy restructuring policy in the intervening years is of great importance to the consideration of future reform and opening-up efforts in this industry. Energy production and supply have been a major part of the national economic restructuring. In this paper, the author proceeds from three angles to review and assess the reform and opening-up efforts in the energy industry, and suggests some direction and priorities for its restrueturing in the future.     

Energy cooperation between Russia and Northeast Asian countries: Prerequisities,directions and problems

The paper deals with prerequisites, conditions, problems and directions of energy cooperation between Russia and Northeast Asian (NEA) countries. It describes a transition period of the Russian economy, shows the significance of the Eastern energy policy of Russia, and the role the fuel and energy potential of the Eastern regions of Russia can play in its implementation. Prediction of the economy and energy development in the eastern regions of Russia is given in terms of export of Russian energy resources to Japan, China, Korea and other NEA countries. A comprehensive strategy of energy cooperation for NEA countries is shown and elaborated.     

Regional Differences in China＇s Energy Efficiency and Conservation Potentials

This paper investigates the maximum energy efficiency level and the energy saving potentials in each region in China that can be practically attained at current economic and technological development levels. Most of the nation's energy efficient provinces are found along the coast of southeast China, while most of its least energy efficient provinces are in the hinterland that is rich in coal resources, and which depends heavily on coal consumption. China's low efficiency in energy resource allocation stems from its secondary industry, which is handicapped by the lowest energy efficiency and the most striking regional differentials. A comparison of the factors affecting the energy efficiency shows that the provinces being compared in this study differ tremendously in energy consumption structure, technological level of the secondary industry, and abundance of energy resources, and that the other factors are only adequate, rather than necessary, conditions. It is imperative to rectify the behaviors of provinces in balancing local energy allocation, to channel energy resources to energy efficient provinces, and to improve the national energy efficiency as a whole. When taking energy‐saving steps, provinces must take into full consideration both the national and local factors that affect energy efficiency. Furthermore, it is unrealistic for China to set a unified energy saving goal for different provinces. (Edited by Xinyu Fan)     

能源贸易与中国能源安全

随着中国经济高速增长和城市化进程加快所引致的能源需求急剧上升,受国内资源特别是石油资源短缺约束能源产供能力短期内难以大幅度增加情况下,能源供求矛盾日益突出,石油进口对外依赖度也随之节节攀升。为此,本文主要通过对中国能源贸易发展状况、能源安全现状以及影响能源安全的制约因素等进行深入分析,寻求加快中国能源贸易发展、确保能源安全、促进经济社会可持续发展的基本思路与对策。     

我国的能源形势与和平发展战略

能源问题已经成为我国和平发展和经济持续快速发展中必须要解决的瓶颈问题。文章对日益严峻的国际国内能源形势进行了分析,认为紧张的能源形势增加了我国和平发展的紧迫性;对和平发展下的中国能源解决方案进行了探讨,提出只有通过优化能源结构,大力发展水电等可再生能源,合理利用国内国外两种资源,并完善相关的能源储备,才能缓解能源的紧张局面,而节能减排、提高能源利用效率则是根本解决我国能源问题的必由之路。     

日本的能源政策及其对我国的启示

为了建设和谐社会的目标,制定科学合理的能源开发、能源利用的政策已经成为摆在我国政府面前的一项重大任务。在这方面,日本的一些能源政策为我国提供了一些思路,我国政府可以仿效日本发展能源立法,确定节约能源,开发新能源的法律地位,通过经济手段诱导市场主体实施国家的能源计划,大力开展能源教育、环境教育,调动民众节能的积极性等。     

中亚油气资源开发合作与我国能源安全战略

我国经济社会的快速发展,使得支撑经济发展的能源安全问题日益突出。我国已经成为石油气资源的第二大消费国,第三大进口国,对外依存度在未来二十年内将达50%以上。实现能源进口多元化,就能降低对外能源依存所带来的国际政治经济压力。中亚与我国毗邻,能源蕴藏丰富。我国与中亚进行广阔的能源合作,将十分有利于构建国家能源安全体系。     

上海市碳排放的历史特征与远期趋势分析

本文推导了能源消费总量、结构与碳排放量之间的关系式--即单位能耗碳排放系数的表达式,利用上海市1978年～2007年的历史数据,构建了上海市能源消费总量与经济总量、人口和产业结构之间的关系式.在此基础上,按照对2010年、2020年上海经济增长速度的估计预测能源消费总量,模拟出不同情景下的能源结构,从而测算上海市各主要年份的碳排放总量,分析上海市碳排放总量、人均碳排放和碳排放强度的演变趋势.     

全球能源格局中的俄罗斯因素与中俄能源合作策略选择

随着世界能源格局多元化时代的到来,作为世界能源大国的俄罗斯在世界能源格局中的地位越来越举足轻重,并制定了具有长远性、综合性、相对完善的能源战略。通过对外能源合作,谋求自身安全已成为当前各能源消费国的一大趋势,作为与中国有着紧密地缘政治关系的俄罗斯来说,其能源战略必将对我国的能源合作产生直接的影响。本文在强调全球能源格局演变和俄罗斯在全球能源格局重要地位的基础上,就中俄能源合作策略选择进行了思考。     

中俄能源合作与地缘战略(英文)

I. IntroductionAmong current Sino-Russian Relationships, energy cooperation should have been animportant part of the “Sino-Russian Strategic Cooperative Partnership” since suchcooperation is founded on the basis of “reciprocity and mutual benefits” in terms of economicbenefits. However, within the past year, the “Angarsk-Daqing Line” has caused manyobstacles to Sino-Russian energy cooperation. Under such a situation, on the one hand,the “mutual complementing” of Sino-Russian ener…     

The Attitude of Developed and Developing Countries Towards the Kyoto Protocol and the Case of Turkey

The problem of global climate change is one of the biggest present-day global problems. This problem, which has become a current issue because of the energy crisis that happened in 1970s, as well as growing awareness of environment, have not only changed the notion of development but also led to a transformation of non-renewable energy resources. Due to rapid population growth, the depletion of the non-renewable energy resources and the raising consciousness about global climate change our comprehension of traditional development has yielded to sustainable development, while energy structure and preferences have also changed from non-renewable energy resources to renewable energy resources. As this changed pattern and problem are global, they have removed the borders among governments, required international cooperation and thus, new international actors have stepped in. In this study, the countries are divided into two parts as developed countries and developing countries. As developed countries; USA and EU countries are selected while China and India are selected as developing countries. Also as a developing country, Turkey＇s energy and climate policies, attitude towards the Kyoto Protocol signed within the scope of United Nations and the positive and the negative effects of the Protocol on the country are investigated. In this sense, it has been observed that the question of whether or not the Protocol contributes to the economy of developing countries correlates with whether or not these countries are on the side of the Protocol and it has also been observed that being on the side of the Protocol is not a threat to Turkey＇s development. If applied correctly, the policies that Turkey will pursue within the scope of the Protocol will help the country to reduce foreign energy dependency and cooperate with other countries. A comparative method is used in this paper.     

中国产业结构、能源效率与能源消费的动态关系——基于协整与VECM的实证研究

在结构转型和节能减排双重背景下,能源消费、产业结构和能源效率的动态关系值得关注。文章基于我国1952-2012年的相关数据,通过构建误差修正模型(VECM)来研究能源消费、产业结构和能源效率三者之间的动态影响。研究发现,从长期来看,能源消费和产业结构的变动呈现正向关系,表明第二、三产业的发展对能源消费的增加影响显著,且具有粗放特征;能源效率和能源消费的变动呈现反向变动特征,说明能源效率的提升在长期对能源消费的减少起到了一定作用,但是能源消费的变动幅度明显小于能源效率的变动幅度,我国的能源消费存在基于能效提升的回弹效应。     

大型钢铁企业能源管理分析与研究

文章基于对钢铁企业能耗现状分析,系统介绍了我国钢铁企业现有的主要能源管理模式及存在的问题和不足,提出了我国钢铁企业加强能源管理的思路和发展方向。     

日本的能源战略体系

日本是世界第二能源消费大国，而日本自然资源极其匮乏。为了保障能源供应，日本制定了明确的能源政策目标，并围绕着能源政策目标的实现制定和实施了一系列能源战略，形成了一个具有鲜明特色的能源战略体系，在能源储备、能源进口渠道多元化和能源开发方面取得了显著成效，提高了本国的能源安全度，为世界其他国家，尤其是中国解决迫在眉睫的能源安全问题提供了宝贵的经验。     

橡胶装备制造与节能环保产业融合发展研究

近年来,中国装备制造业与节能环保产业基本实现了协调发展,国内生态环境不断得到改善.中国的橡胶装备制造业需要把握好"一带一路"框架下的全球化发展历史机遇,不断优化产业结构,夯实可持续发展的基础.与节能环保有关的面很广,对于橡胶装备制造企业来讲,应如何制订自己的节能环保业务发展规划,从内部价值提升和产业链拓展的角度就这一问题进行探讨.     

生态旅游城市的能源开发与利用

昆明的城市发展目标是将昆明建成融春城、历史文化名城和现代化城市为一体的生态城市,最终建成我国最适宜人居住的城市、西部地区投资环境和生态坏境最好的城市之一.在能源供应日益紧张的今天,如何认识和调整符合当地实际的能源结构,对于昆明市乃至云南省的发展至关重要,对全国的能源结构和利用也有深远的影响.     

Energy and machines. Energy capital ratios in Europe and Latin America. 1875–1970

The relationship between energy and capital is one of the most important aspects of modern economic growth. Machines need energy to produce all the goods we enjoy; energy would be far less useful for humankind in absence of machines. However, the great majority of the economic models do not take into account the elasticities of substitution (or complementaries) between these two main variables. Actually, energy is absent in many growth models and discussions on diverging economic development paths. We approach this relevant issue from a new perspective: energy and capital relations during 100 years. We use the latest estimations of capital stock (machinery and equipment) and energy consumption for Latin America and compare them with those of Western Europe. The energy–capital ratio (how much energy is used per unit of capital) could be a predictor of economic growth, thus providing stylised facts about the timing and causes of the different modernisation patterns of these regions and showing us some answers on the long-run relationship between energy consumption and capital accumulation.     

以色列的能源政策及其对我国的启示

以色列注重加强能源立法、积极推进能源多元化、大力开发新能源、研发高新技术、扶持能源产业、倡导节能,形成了独具特色的能源政策。近年来,我国的能源问题日益突出,应借鉴以色列能源政策的成功经验,从战略上高度重视能源问题、推进能源法律制度建设、实施能源建设多元化、加强科技创新、大力开发新能源、积极营造节约能源的社会氛围,确保我国的能源安全。     

建筑用相变蓄能材料研究现状与发展趋势

利用相变材料对清洁能源进行储存和使用已成为建筑节能设计的重要措施之一。对建筑用相变材料的研究和应用现状进行了总结概况,介绍了对建筑用相变材料的要求、常见种类、封装方法和选用原则,总结了相变材料与传统建筑材料复合、与建筑设施相结合两种主要应用形式,并通过案例阐述了已有的典型应用方法,讨论了相变材料在建筑中的应用面临的挑战和应用前景。为相变材料在建筑中的应用和研究提供参考。