贷款损失拨备规则与银行顺周期行为——基于西班牙动态拨备规则的分析

不健全的拨备规则可能加剧银行的顺周期行为,危机后建立微观反周期机制的途径之一就是改革拨备规则.本文通过对西班牙动态拨备系统的经验分析表明,动态拨备规则虽不能消除商业银行的顺周期行为,但其较好地解决了拨备的充足性及其"旱涝保收"问题.提高了银行系统抵御风险的缓冲能力.随着银行业市场化改革的深入,我国应借鉴西班牙动态拨备经验,进一步完善我国的银行业拨备制度,提高国内银行的风险管理和抵御风险冲击能力.     

我国商业银行贷款损失拨备提取方法及适度性研究

本次的全球金融危机,引发了对商业银行贷款损失拨备顺周期性的关注。本文提出了一种新的前瞻性拨备计提方法,并对我国银行拨备的适度性进行了研究。结果表明,我国当前的拨备监管标准存在偏高的可能,而过量的贷款损失拨备会覆盖到银行的非预期损失,这就会催生银行贷款意愿降低、会计报告失真等问题,从而增加银行体系的风险。     

引入贷款拨备比率监管指标的影响及其改进

引入贷款拨备比率反映出监管者对银行体系的资产分类结果持审慎和怀疑的态度.本文对上市银行贷款拨备比率的测算结果显示,拨备覆盖率较高的银行,其贷款拨备比率反而可能较低,仅考察贷款拨备指标可能会产生一些误导性结论,并在一定程度上具有逆向激励效果.因此,有必要对贷款拨备比率指标进行以下改进:(1)对资产质量较好的银行提供较长的...     

国外有关商业银行贷款损失拨备与经济周期关系的研究

贷款损失拨备是商业银行抵御风险的第一道防线,其计提充分与否能影响银行资本吸收损失的能力,进而对经济周期的波动产生影响。在当前国内外金融监管当局再次关注金融机构跨经济周期稳健经营问题的背景下,本文总结了国外有关商业银行贷款损失拨备与经济周期关系的研究。     

国外有关商业银行贷款损失拨备与经济周期关系的研究

贷款损失拨备是商业银行抵御风险的第一道防线,其计提充分与否能影响银行资本吸收损失的能力,进而对经济周期的波动产生影响.在当前国内外金融监管当局再次关注金融机构跨经济周期稳健经营问题的背景下,本文总结了国外有关商业银行货款损失拨备经济周期关系的研究.     

信贷周期与银行风险拨备行为

本文首先在文献回顾的基础上阐述了银行信贷周期与资产损失之间的关系,并介绍了两种通行的风险拨备计提方法——现金流贴现法和压力测试方法,接着分析了银行风险拨备与信贷周期背离的原因,最后就我国银行采用现金流贴现法计提风险拨备的现状、问题及对策提出了自己的看法。     

会计稳健原则与银行风险防范

会计准则中,稳健原则作为会计事务的基本原则引入会计核算。所谓稳健性原则又称谨慎性或保守性原则,是指在会计核算中对可能发生的费用或损失应当合理预计,并予入帐,而对可能取得的收入,则不能提前入帐;也就是说对于某些会计交易,如有几种均具备一定依据的会计处理方法可供选择时,在不影响合理反映的前提下,应尽可能选择对业主权益影响最小的一种。     

基于灰色关联分析的商业银行贷款损失拨备计提研究

贷款损失拨备计提对防范商业银行的经营风险,提高商业银行经营的稳定性具有十分重要的作用.本文在对已有的几种典型的贷款损失拨备计提方法即现金流折现法、动态准备金法、压力测试准备金法和基于马尔科夫链迁移矩阵的贷款损失准备金法进行分析的基础上,运用灰色关联的相关理论,提出了一种新的基于灰色关联分析的商业银行贷款损失拨备计提方法,并对其适用性进行了详细的论证,本研究将为完善我国商业银行风险管理体系,提高风险管理效率提供必要的理论支撑和实践依据.     

上市商业银行贷款拨备计提发展方向研究

银行作为经营风险的企业,前瞻性地计提贷款准备金具有必然性。银行风险管理的前瞻性和预见性越来越成为衡量一家商业银行市场竞争能力、抵御金融风险能力的重要指标。巴塞尔新资本协议(BaselⅡ)从资本监管的角度对商业银行信贷资产信用风险损失的评估方法进行了规范。本文从国内外上市商业银行自身风险管理的角度出发,通过目前会计标准和监管标准的简要对比,对其贷款拨备计提的发展方向提出了建议,并力求通过二者关键因素的分析,从而建议商业银行有可能在实施BaselⅡ和会计准则过程中找到一个兼容并蓄的应用方案。     

稳健开展并购贷款之研究

自银监会颁布《商业银行并购贷款风险管理指引》,对并购贷款“开闸”以来,目前主要商业银行都已纷纷推出该项业务。截止今年3月中旬,据不完全统计,2009年签约的并购贷款金额已达35．8亿元,银行与产权交易所的并购贷款授信额已达300亿元。     

Corruption,soundness of the banking sector,and economic growth: A cross-country study

This paper explores the impact of corruption on both the banking sector and economic growth; we determine the impact using 76 macroeconomic data from various countries over the period 2002–2004. The results of various cross-sectional regressions provide substantial evidence that corruption significantly aggravates the problems with bad loans in the banking sector. In this study, we also find some evidence of a new channel through which corruption lowers economic growth: Corruption distorts the allocation of bank funds from normal projects to bad projects, which decreases the quality of private investments, hence it decreases economic growth.     

Discretionary loan loss provision behavior in the US banking industry

Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting - Earnings management can be opportunistic and add noise to earnings, or informative about a firm’s underlying economic performance and add...     

金融电子化对银行财会监管的影响及对策

近年来，银行业不断推出以信息技术为基础的金融产品，例如一卡通、流动银行、网上银行等。这些金融产品正日益成为国内各大银行创新产品、抢占市场、寻求可持续发展的重要手段。这些金融新产品都是建立在综合应用系统基础上的，随着其广泛应用，银行财会核算将受到深层次、全方位的影响，也给财会监管工作提出了更高的要求。一、综合应用系统对银行财会核算的影响１．银行账务组织实现自动化在传统操作方式下，为使每天成千上万笔的银行会计核算业务能及时、准确地处理，银行在会计账务组织上设置了综合核算和明细核算两个相互核对、相互制…     

Financial liberalization and banking crises: The role of capital inflows and lack of transparency

This paper shows that the liberalization of capital inflows may undermine bank stability in emerging markets. After financial liberalization, uninformed international investors rationally provide large amounts of funds at low cost. This enables insolvent banks to accumulate bad loans. In equilibrium, when a substantial amount of losses may have been accumulated, solvent banks do not find it any longer optimal to issue debt at the interest rate that would compensate investors for risk. Investors anticipate this and stop holding bank debt. When the market for bank liabilities breaks down, insolvent banks default. I show that, because of wasteful investment, the liberalization of capital inflows may decrease aggregate welfare.     

Political connections,auditor choice and corporate accounting transparency: evidence from private sector firms in China

This article investigates the way in which political connections impact auditor choice. Using a political connection index constructed based on the bureaucratic ranks of executive managers and board members in Chinese private sector firms, we find that for firms with weak political connections, the likelihood of hiring high‐quality auditors increases with the degree of political connectedness, while it decreases with political connectedness for firms with strong political connections. This inverse U‐shaped relationship is particularly pronounced for firms with ownership structures that intensify agency problems. Finally, we find that political connections and accounting transparency also have an inverse U‐shaped relationship.     

Eliminating entry barriers for the provision of banking services: Evidence from ‘banking correspondents’ in Brazil

This paper shows that the contractual arrangement of ‘banking correspondents’ has eliminated entry barriers for the provision of banking services in Brazil. With the bank correspondents, banks are allowed to reach the almost 2200 municipalities without bank branches in 2000, connecting 45 million people to the financial sector. The evidence is based on the estimation of an entry model of financial providers in Brazilian municipalities. I estimate a zero population entry threshold for banking correspondents for the period from 2002 to 2007. The estimated population entry thresholds for bank branches in the same period are relatively stable at approximately 8000–9000 people. The population entry thresholds for the second to fifth players for banking correspondents are also consistently lower than those for bank branches.     

数据大集中后银行会计核算系统发展趋势探析

中央银行会计集中核算系统(ACBS)在我国的正式运行，标志着中国的现代化支付清算业务进入了一个新的阶段。ACBS是在银行数据大集中后由原来的中央银行会计核算系统(ABS)演变而来的。2003年济南市作为全国第一批会计集中核算系统上线的13个城市之一，在ACBS运行后其企事业单位资金结算快速、高效、安全的特点初步显现。     

The sign value of accounting: IMF structural adjustment programs and African banking reform

This paper examines an IMF structural adjustment program and the role of accounting technologies and agents within that program. Focusing on banking sector reform in Nigeria, the paper shows how IMF attempts to remake economic life come up against formidable contextual challenges, and how accounting may or may not be taken up to confront those challenges. Specifically, it shows that even where accounting numbers are ‘managed’, the potential disciplinary power of accounting's system of signs remains, though again that power may not be exploited if those who are responsible for governing lack the necessary desire. The study's findings challenge two sets of understandings: that which sees the economy as somehow separate or distinct from the wider socio-political field, and that which sees crises such as occurred in Nigeria as simply resulting from inadequate or insufficient accounting regulations and controls.     

Competition,efficiency and soundness in European life insurance markets

This paper provides cross-country evidence on the association between soundness and competition in the life insurance industry, where competition is measured by the Boone indicator. We analyse 10 European Union (EU) life insurance markets over the post-deregulation period 1999–2011. The results indicate that competition increases the soundness of the EU life insurance markets. Since the Boone indicator measures competition based on the reallocation of profits from inefficient insurers to efficient ones, our results suggest that efficiency is the mechanism through which competition contributes to insurer solvency. The soundness-enhancing effect of competition is greater for weak insurers than for healthy ones.     

Money, intermediation, and banking

The business of money creation is conceptually distinct from that of intermediation. Yet, these two activities are frequently—but not always—combined together in the form of a banking system. We develop a simple model to examine the question: When is banking essential? There is a role for money due to a lack of record-keeping and a role for intermediation due to the existence of private information: both money and intermediation are essential. When monitoring costs associated with intermediation are sufficiently low, the two activities can be separated from one another. However, when monitoring costs are sufficiently high, a banking system that combines these two activities is essential.