中小型物流企业建立共同配送合作条件的博弈分析

本文首先分析了共同配送的必要性,在了解博弈论中的相关理论背景的基础上,用完全信息下的无限重复动态博弈对单个配送企业在怎样的条件下建立配送联盟进行了初步讨论,使得这个合作联盟稳定可靠并且是经济有效的。     

中小企业与动态联盟

中国加入WTO ,使得中国企业在国际大市场中机遇与挑战并存 ,对中小企业来说 ,加入动态联盟有利于提高其竞争力 ,但由于中小企业自身条件限制 ,在动态联盟中往往不能处于主导地位 ,因而在加入动态联盟的同时仍须提高其自身优势。     

经济金融关键词(三)

战略联盟Strategic Alliance直接定义战略联盟是产业间的一项结合方式。业者为了自行开发新产品、引进新技术、增资及拓展行销通路,而结合彼此具有互补及关联性的业者,通过分担彼此的成本及风险,发展技术,开发新产品,以提高企业本身的竞争优势。产业信息的交流有助于业者吸收各家的开发经验,获取提升产品自制能力的技术。     

跨越动态联盟陷阱

在探讨动态联盟的内部原因后,提出盲目动态联盟的概念,并对盲目动态联盟进行经济学分析,论证了避免盲目动态联盟的可能性。在明确非盲目动态联盟后,抉择动态联盟的方向显得由为重要。我们发现不同方向上的动态联盟可以达到不同的作用,并由此设计了动态联盟方向决策程序。     

横向动态联盟的信息共享效应研究

文章分析了纵向动态联盟向横向动态联盟转化的原因,并试图构造信息共享下的成本函数,以分析横向动态联盟的信息共享效应。文章先后从产量、利润、消费者剩余、经济效率四个角度展开论述,得出与以往研究文献不同的结论。最后,文章根据研究成果提出了相关结论和建议。     

动态联盟商务智能中心构建研究

论文在分析动态联盟商务决策所面临问题的基础上,论述了建立动态联盟商务智能中心的必要性和可能性,设计了动态联盟商务智能中心的组织架构,探讨了动态联盟商务智能中心的构成要素,研究了商务智能中心对动态联盟商务决策的支持作用。     

基于VSM的小微企业联盟信息中心组织模式研究

由于联盟成员的离散化以及信息本身的碎片化和所有权分立等,使得小微企业联盟的信息管理更为复杂,有效的组织模式是小微企业联盟进行信息管理的保障。立足于VSM的相关概述,遵循组织控制学的基本原理,以VSM为参照范式,构建了小微企业联盟信息中心组织模式,包含信息整合子系统、协调沟通子系统、信息管理和评估子系统、信息决策支持子系统和信息决策执行子系统,此模型能够帮助联盟在复杂多变的环境中生存、发展,增强联盟的信息利用率和组织运行效率,即将"环境—运作者—管理"三部分联系起来并保持平衡,从联盟管理的整体高度去协调各种信息资源,并且通过自主管理使联盟具有动态学习能力及战略更新能力,这是联盟持续创新的源动力。     

关于地产开发项目财务动态管理模式的研究探讨

财务动态管理模式是以Excel、Access为基础和载体,建造了一个财务管理项目的数据库集成信息集成系统。其应用在地产开发项目中,可以起到提升房地产开发的项目价值比及加快信息数字化的顶端技术的推广等作用,这次我们就要从几个方面去探究地产开发项目中实行的动态财务管理模式,阐述动态财务管理系统在地产经济管理中的设计原理,并对其系统的模块设计、系统规范操作流程等进行概括解析。     

动态联盟管理协作风险的分析

动态联盟作为一种新兴的企业联盟形式已经受到企业界的广泛重视,它无论在学术界还是企业界都可以说是一个“热力四射”的新名词。企业参加动态联盟可以降低成本、提高响应速度和效率、提高产品和服务的质量、分散风险;作为企业获得敏捷性的主要方式,其功能和效应得到充分肯定。     

略论供应链联盟的形式

供应链联盟是未来企业组织形式发展的主要趋势。随着产品生命周期的缩短及客户需求的提高 ,制造企业必须实现敏捷制造以快速响应市场变化 ,而供应链联盟作为实现敏捷制造的主要手段 ,正逐步取代企业集团、战略联盟的位置而被许多企业所采用。内部集成制、分包制、合作协议制和集成化动态联盟是目前环境下供应链联盟的主流形式。     

Financial literacy education and behaviour unhinged: combating bias and poor product design

The growth of products available in the consumer financial market has provided more choice and formal control over household financial decisions than ever before. Financial literacy education programs are generally assumed to improve consumer behaviour in relation to financial products and services. However, there is scant evidence that demonstrates the causal link between education, literacy and behaviour. Through the use of a sample study, we show that the actions of individuals who are financially literate do not necessarily mean they will demonstrate good financial behaviour. We propose that in order to improve the financial behaviour of consumers, two critical areas need to be addressed. Firstly, the objectives of financial literacy programs should be not only to educate consumers about financial markets and products but highlight to individuals the psychological biases and limitations that they as humans cannot easily avoid. Secondly, the regulation of financial products sold to consumers needs alteration to meet the aim of protecting retail consumers from complex financial products that are confusing, ambiguous and inappropriate. We propose regulation and redesign of product information offerings using techniques employed in ecological interface design models to derive a suitability test for consumer financial products.     

农产品电子商务物流理论构建及实证分析

文章构建了一个农产品电子商务物流识别模型,利用维度层因子结构模型和高阶因子结构模型对其进行了实证检验,结果表明该理论模型具有较高的信度和效度。采用模糊综合评价方法,结合来自226家企业数据对农产品电子商务物流发展水平进行了测度。得出三点重要结论,第一,该识别模型是一个描述农产品电子商务物流理论的合理框架结构,包含电子商务应用,信息化管理、物流信息技术和农产品物流功能四个维度层因子;第二,当前农产品电子商务物流发展水平还有较大的空间可以提升,而物流信息技术是提升过程中迫待解决的最关键问题;第三,电子信息技术应该契合农产品电商物流的整个过程,各流程环节需要协调统一才能高效率发挥物流功能。     

Common biases and heuristics in nutritional quality judgments: a qualitative exploration

The ways in which consumers make judgments about the nutritional quality of food products are a major concern for public policymakers. Given the focus on nutrition information in public health policies, the information processing paradigm has been widely used in past research. However, there is evidence that nutrition information processing is a difficult task for consumers. We examined 14 interviews from consumers of diverse social background in order to inventory the different kinds of heuristics used for making nutritional quality judgments. Narratives in which consumers elaborate about their strategies to assess nutritional quality of food products were analysed. Our findings show that: (1) consumers tend to use shortcuts to simplify nutrition information processing; (2) heuristics unrelated to nutrition information are commonly utilized; and (3) these heuristics rely on semantic, sensory and visual cues. The implications of our findings are discussed from a public policy standpoint.     

试论旅行社服务模式创新

近年来，旅游产品质量投诉问题作为业界热点而持续升温，困扰着旅行社业。究其原因，从表象来看，旅行社业竞争加剧导致的产品同质化竞争，引起了价格战，使旅游产品质量下降。深层次的原因在于随着中国步入信息化社会及消费者的日益成熟，传统的旅行社业服务模式已无法满足以顾客为导向的营销理念的需要。因此，要全方位变革旅行社业服务模式，将信息技术导入旅游产品的开发设计、建立适应市场经济特征的垂直分层的营销体系，以战略眼光创建客户关系管理系统。     

Short note for paper published in Issue 2, Volume 9: ‘Characteristics and risk factors for accidental injury in Canada 1986-1996 …’

This paper addresses two observational studies, of the use of a blender and a chip pan, and a study of the accident statistics regarding these two types of products. The aim is to understand risk in product use and the process of risk perception as displayed by product users. Consideration is given to the way information from both observational studies and accident statistics can support design in order to improve the safety of product users.     

体验型产品在线评论与消费意愿及销量的关系——以价格为调节变量

随着网络在线交易的迅猛发展,在线评论等网络口碑传播的重要性日益凸显。以体验型产品为研究对象,以信号理论和"刺激-反应"理论为指导,建立"在线评论-消费意愿-在线销量"模型分析三个要素之间的关系机理,并采用中介效应检验和调节效应检验进行验证,结果显示:在线评论作为一种信息刺激,其数量对体验型产品在线销量具有显著的正向影响,但在线评论质量效价评分对体验型产品在线销量的影响不显著,这与产品的类型有关;在线评论一是直接对在线销量产生影响,一是通过中介变量(即作为消费意愿替代变量的收藏量)传递影响,对在线销量产生作用;商品价格在在线评论和在线销量的直接和间接关系中都起到了正向调节作用,这与体验型产品交易过程中价格质量信号功能强于促销功能有关。实践中,企业可通过一些激励设计提高消费者在线评论参与度;进行更加科学化的网页设计,完善收藏功能,以方便消费者进行筛选和比较;注意防止盲目降价行为给消费者带来的负面影响,发挥好价格的信号作用。     

Consumer Reaction to Nutritional Labels on Food Products

In order to design the most useful instruments of consumer protection, it is necessary to understand how consumers perceive and use such instruments. Often, basic consumer rights are considered more extensively in the design of consumer protection policies than basic patterns of consumer behavior and motivation. We are more likely to make information on labels complete as viewed by the expert than useful in the normal behavior of the consumer. This study is devoted to discovering how consumers perceive nutritional labels on food products. It draws conclusions about their meaning and usefulness to consumers.     

区块链在农产品流通中的应用模式与实施

区块链技术具有信息共享、数据真实安全、信息与凭证可追溯、智能合约等特征,与农产品流通需求存在多重耦合,有助于解决农产品流通中的痛点问题,并在农产品流通中得以局部应用。不过,区块链技术在农产品流通领域的应用尚处于起步阶段,存在全产业链应用整合程度较低、数据共享与可靠性未能完全实现、农业融资区块链落地难等一系列问题。目前具备可实现条件的农产品流通领域的区块链项目,一是跨境农产品交易联盟链,能够提高交易的公平性和透明度,降低交易风险,可由核心企业、产业基金、信息技术企业等主体共同参与开发,并建立上下游产业协同关系;二是跨境农产品物流联盟链,能够实现物流全程可控与费用自动结算,需要在行业内部增强互信并建立协调与激励机制,同时融合应用多种信息技术;三是农产品溯源联盟链,能够实现从生产源头直到消费者的农产品溯源,而为确保全链共查共享和监管,需要通过制度设计来赋予链上各方信任,应用多种技术、借助线上线下共同作用来防止一切造假;四是高效传递价值的农业融资区块链,其基于智能合约的融资征信与自动履约功能可有效满足农业融资需求,降低征信成本,需要建立风险控制制度、信用自证的认证标准、技术体系以及金融业内部技术业务标准,以实现征信信息跨链共享。农产品流通领域任何区块链具体项目的实施都要遵循严谨的实施步骤,依次是判断适用性、开展区块链培训、构思理论模型、寻找内外部资源合作、开发原型和项目实施。     

广播组织节目创新与版权保护

广播作为信息时代的主要传媒工具之一,在社会生活中具有举足轻重的地位。促进广播新闻人对广播节目的创新与开发,将带给社会更多的精神产品,但是,如果社会失去了对精神产品的法律保障,广播节目的不断创新将是无法实现的。试图结合＂舞林大会＂被控版式抄袭,深入探讨广播组织在节目版式创作和节目内容创作（即,二度创作）中所应当关注的法律问题,从版权保护的角度审视我国对广播组织保护的特殊性,为促进广播组织依法进行节目创新、繁荣社会文化生活提供相应的法制思路。     

Price rather than nutrition information the main influencer of consumer food purchasing behaviour in South Africa: A qualitative study

In South Africa there has been a paucity of data on food and nutrition labelling since the publication of the new food‐labelling legislation. This study aimed to explore whether the nutrition information on food products influences consumer purchasing behaviour; reasons for reading or ignoring nutrition information on labels, and to investigate expectations regarding food / nutrition labelling. Nine focus‐group discussions were held with adult consumers (N=67) in Cape Town, South Africa. Food price was sometimes the only consideration when selecting food products, irrespective of quality and nutritional value. When buying products for the first time, consumers were more inclined to read the nutrition information compared to habitual purchases or buying known brands. The list of ingredients, nutrient content claims and specific health endorsement logos were considered important. Reasons for reading nutrition information were mainly to assess the nutritional value or health properties, to avoid certain ingredients/allergens and to determine quality. Consumers struggled to understand the information on labels, specifically the nutrition information table. A lack of time or interest, price concerns and trust in labelling information also emerged as reasons why consumers ignore the nutrition information. There is a need for simpler food labelling, more graphics, and less complex terminology, information overload and quantitative information. It is recommended that a standardised front‐of‐package labelling scheme and a single health endorsement logo for South Africa be considered. More should be done to educate consumers on utilising the information on food labels correctly, in order for them to make healthier food choices.