第三次贸易政策审议：最具挑战的“民主生活会”——中国再次成功应对WTO大考

WTO对华第三次贸易政策审议于6月2日在日内瓦落幕,今年的审议,中国创纪录地收到了1500多条来自各成员的问题,因此被媒体称为＂WTO史上最难大考＂,中国从容地回答了海量的问题,再一次以开放、积极的姿态赢得了绝大多数世贸成员的高度评价。同时,经历过3次贸易政策审议的中国也更加成熟,更加懂得利用这个平台与其他WTO成员进行有效的沟通和交流,展示自己负责任贸易大国的形象。     

贸易政策审议机制的评估和运作程序的制定

2005年WTO总理事会批准了贸易政策审议机制新的工作条例,对贸易政策审议的运作进行了制度性的规范并强调了贸易政策审议机制工作的政策性,而并非是WTO对各成员行使特权,其目的是通过对各成员的贸易政策审议,使各成员的经济法规措施更加透明,从而促进多边贸易体制发展更加平稳。贸易政策审议机制重申各成员不能把对其贸易政策审议看作是一次提出经济要求和解决贸易争端的机会。贸易政策审议机制(TPRM)建立在1989年关贸总协定时期,WTO成立后更强调了要加强贸易政策审议机制的功能,并每过五年对贸易政策审议机制工作情况进行一次评估,评…     

试析WTO贸易政策审议机制的理论与应用

<正> WTO 除了提供争端解决机制之外,还提供了定期对其成员进行贸易政策审议与检查的系统机制。贸易政策审议机制的规定并非象其他 WTO 协议是按条款来协议的,而是按     

WTO贸易政策审议机制的作用及中国的应对选择

在WTO现行体制中,通过贸易政策审议机制(Trade Policy Review Mechanism,简称TPRM)监督和审议各成员的贸易政策是WTO的六大职能之一。根据《贸易政策审议机制》协议(即《建立WTO协定》附件3)的规定,建立TPRM的目的具有双重性：①促进所有成员更好地遵循根据多边贸易协议及适用的诸边贸易协议所制定的规则、纪律和承诺;②通过增加各成员贸易政策和实践的透明度以及达成对各成员贸易政策和实践的谅解来发挥多边贸易体制的作用。换言之．TPRM试图通过经常性地监督     

浙商对欧盟贸易政策有话一定要说

事件：根据世贸组织（WTO）贸易政策审议机构（TPRB）2007年度的审议安排，2007年2月26日至28曰在曰内瓦进行对欧盟的贸易政策审议。贸易政策审议就是定期对每个成员的贸易政策和做法及其对多边贸易体制的影响进行审议和评估。参加审议是我国作为WTO成员享有的重要权利，是反映双边经贸关系中我国和企业的利益和关注，推动问题解决的最为重要的多边途径。     

发挥正面影响--WTO对我国的过渡性审议机制评述

在加入WTO的谈判中,我国的义务与一般WTO成员的一个显著不同之处就是,在《中国加入WTO议定书》中做出了对我国进行过渡性贸易政策审议的规定。根据该议定书第18条,即“过渡性审议机制(TransitionalReview Mechanism,简称TRM)”     

WTO对中国第四次贸易政策审议的法律考察

贸易政策审议对于每一个世贸组织成员而言,犹如是一次"年检"或"大考",其目的是确保各成员贸易政策和措施的透明度,加深其他成员对其的理解。2012年6月12日和14日,世贸组织对中国进行了第四次贸易政策审议。在本次审议中,各成员提出的问题之多、范围之广,都超过前三次审议。对各成员提出的问题进行系统梳理和分析,有利于我们全面了解中国在融入多边贸易体制进程中所取得的成绩和存在的问题,同时也有助于我们更好地理解世贸组织的规则和贸易政策审议机制。     

浅议中国应对WTO贸易政策审议策略

贸易政策评审机制是W T O为了改善国际贸易环境,促进多边贸易体制的平稳运行而设立的一种运作机制,也是WTO对成员贸易政策进行监督的一个根本环节。本文介绍了WTO对我国进行贸易政策审议概况,并针对性地提出了我国应对审议的策略。     

WTO咨询台

1.贸易政策审议有没有时间性? 答:世贸组织对各成员的贸易政策审议是有一定时间性的,既会经常进行,也会在定期的基础上进行.目前,按各成员在世界贸易中所占份额,决定进行的时间间隔.对最大的4个贸易实体:欧盟、美国、日本和加拿大,每2年审查一次;对其后的16个成员则每4年审查一次;对其他成员每6年审查一次.特别的,对最不发达国家进行审查的时间间隔可能更长一些.如果某一成员的贸易政策与措施经常发生重大变化,并对其他成员产生重大影响,则在其他成员提出要求后,贸易政策审议机构可提前对该成员进行审议.     

WTO贸易政策审议机制对美国贸易政策的审议实践与影响

贸易政策审议机制的最终目标,是促使成员更好地遵守WTO多边贸易规则,该目标的具体表现,就是受审议成员根据审议结果自动调整其受其他成员批评的“问题”贸易政策。成员国是否调整其贸易政策取决于成本与利益的权衡。本文通过TPRM对美国审议实践的分析发现,由于美国贸易政策很强的自主性和对国家利益原则的坚持,TPRM对美国贸易政策的影响极其有限,但从长远来看, 美国坚持不调整其贸易保护政策也是要付出代价的。     

宇通:极目楚天舒

在客车龙头企业宁通集团一千多平方米的展台前，人头攒动，通道上被人们挤得水泄不通，大家的目光被展台上那一辆辆高档的长途客车、旅游客车以及公交系列客车的新产品所吸引。     

Time as a Resource and as a Context

If consumption takes time, then a time constraint may reduce the consumer's freedom when buying goods. Some implications of Steedman's approach are examined in this paper; some variations on the theme are considered and compared. Finally, the notion of time as a context may lead to developments in the concept of a process of consumption, and of its relations with consumption goods.     

Anthropomorphizing makes material goods as happiness-inducing as experiences

Prior research suggests that material goods (e.g., electronic gadgets) often provide less happiness than do experiences (e.g., movies). As a boundary condition, the present research proposes a theory-based yet actionable solution to overcome the happiness disadvantage of material goods. Three studies show that when material goods are anthropomorphized (i.e., imbued with humanlike characteristics), consumers gain enhanced feelings of consumption sociality and, in turn, derive a boost in happiness such that they gain as much happiness from these material goods as from experiences. With mediation and moderation approaches, we provide process evidence for these enhanced feelings of consumption sociality that are typically lacking with material purchases, which are prone to being consumed alone rather than with other people. Thus, the present research suggests that even in the absence of other people, consumers can gain greater happiness from their material goods by perceiving them as human.

     

Should Attach Importance to GNP as well as GDP

Exclusive interview with Vice Minister of the Central United Front and the First Vice Chairman of All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce.     

柳秋合 如画人生

<正>2007年,文莱公主出嫁,各国为表示祝贺和友好,纷纷送去礼品道贺。而在这众多礼品中,最被公主喜爱的,当属中国赠送的一个内画着文莱特色景观的水晶球。这个水晶球因文莱公主的喜爱在当时颇为轰动,而创作出这个备受瞩目的水晶球的,是中国的一位知名内画师——柳秋合。     

CHINA Should Attach Importance to GNP as well as GDP

The world should not see China's development as a threat but as a contribution. All big multinational companies in developed countries are included in its GNP. Japanese GNP's development has offset long-term depression of its GDP; this is the important reason why Japan's economy has reversed of over ten years' depression.     

Entrepreneurs as intermediaries

This paper sketches the contours of a theory of entrepreneurship focusing on the nature of entrepreneurship as intermediation under information asymmetries. While entrepreneurship, strategy, and finance researchers have studied the relationship between entrepreneurs and intermediaries, they tend to treat intermediaries, such as venture capitalists, as a separate organizational form that is parallel with (start-up) entrepreneurs. In this paper, we consider entrepreneurs as intermediaries who discover, create, and exploit entrepreneurial opportunities by bearing uncertainties stemming from intermediation between potential buyers and sellers under information asymmetries. Specifically, we focus on two key questions in entrepreneurship research: (1) Why do entrepreneurs arise and exist at all? (2) Why do some entrepreneurs perform better than others in creating entrepreneurial opportunities and ultimately creating wealth? Our discussion culminates in a new research agenda with four testable propositions.