游山玩水走长城——大同市阳高县旅游资源考察游记

在距大同60公里处，有一脉山峰，它去遮雾盖，神神密密，巍然屹立在大同盆地的东南处，多少次来到桑干湖旅游区玩水，泛舟，每每看到对面高耸入云的座座山峰，都会发出无限的感慨，无边的遐想！     

数字化赋能长城文化资源——以武威为例

为使我国优秀的传统文化遗产“活起来”,赋予文化遗产新的生命力,更好地诠释和弘扬甘肃武威长城文化,文章对数字化在长城文化传承保护中的运用进行分析,将武威长城文化资源进行系统归纳与梳理,运用数字化手段赋能武威长城文化资源,充分发挥武威汉明长城在“一带一路”建设中的交流融合作用,加快对武威长城文化资源的数字化撰写,为进一步认识长城价值、保护长城文化资源、讲好长城故事、促进文旅深度融合奠定良好基础。     

河北井陉长城旅游发展路径研究

<正>研究长城非知名区段的旅游发展路径对弘扬长城精神、传播长城文化和推进长城沿线乡村振兴具有重要意义。文章对河北省石家庄市井陉县长城遗址的规模、分布状况、建筑特点及旅游开发现状与市场需求进行了调研分析,发现存在长城规模较小且损毁严重、知名度与开发程度较低、与周边景区联动较弱等问题,但具有靠近省会城市的区位优势。据此,文章提出资源评价、保护修缮、旅游策划、规划开发、形象宣传和市场营销等方面的建议,为打造具有井陉特色的集休闲与旅游于一体的长城精神与长城文化科普教育基地提供参考。     

海洋文化与海南海洋旅游开发

21 世纪时海洋经济时代,文化旅游也逐步成为旅游发展的大趋势,海洋文化旅游渐渐进入人们的视野。海南省地处中国最南端,四面环海,拥有广阔的海洋空间,具备丰富的海洋资源和独具特色的海洋文化,为海洋文化旅游开发提供了便利条件。我国提出的“一带一路”倡议以及海南省地处特区经济圈的优势,为海南省海洋文化旅游发展提供了经济及政策支持。本文通过对海洋文化和海南海洋旅游的深入分析,对海南省开发海洋文化旅游提出建议,以期对海南旅游发展做出贡献。     

贵州少数民族音乐文化与旅游融合开发策略

旅游是一种重要的休闲娱乐方式,对人们生活质量的提高和精神需求的满足有着积极的作用。我国地大物博,旅游资源丰富,除了自然旅游资源,各地还有风格各异的文化旅游资源,其中民族音乐文化就扮演了相当重要的角色。本文从贵州旅游产业化发展的背景出发,分析少数民族音乐文化在旅游开发中的作用,探讨区域旅游开发工作对少数民族音乐文化的影响,并就少数民族文化在旅游开发中的应用进行初步研究,希望为当地旅游事业的发展提供借鉴。     

我省举办东方空中文化体验之旅山西旅游文化宣传周活动

9月3日省旅游局与东方航空公司联手推出“东方空中文化体验之旅——山西旅游文化宣传周”新闻发布会。省委宣传部副部长王建武、省旅游局籍振芳局长与东方航空公司石富康总经理出席了会议,并做了热情洋溢的讲话。发布会指出：山西,是中华民族和华夏文明的主要发祥地之一。山西,作为旅游资源大省,以纵贯全境、连接全省主要旅游区（点）的大运（大同-运城）高速公路旅游经济带为龙头的旅游产业,正在蓬勃发展,快速崛起。为多层面、多渠道、多形式广泛宣传山西旅游资源产品,落实中宣部、文化部中华文化“走出去”工程和国资委“2007优质服务年”,以及民航总局“提高服务水平、建设和谐民航”的精神,山西省旅游局与东航股份公司经多次协商。决定于9月9—18日,在“中国（太原）国际煤炭与能源新产业博览会”召开期间,共同举办“东方空中文化体验之旅——山西旅游文化宣传周”。[第一段]     

文化旅游背景下的旅游食品开发策略

<正>文化旅游背景下,开发旅游食品是推动旅游产业和食品产业融合发展的有效路径,有利于促进区域旅游经济发展,同时能够为食品企业的发展提供新的方向。文章针对文化旅游背景下的旅游食品开发进行分析研究,首先提出文化旅游背景下旅游食品开发的作用,其次分析文化旅游背景下旅游食品的开发现状,最后结合实践探讨旅游食品的开发策略。     

旅游文化与文化旅游:理论与实践的若干问题

“旅游文化”与“文化旅游”是两个容易被混淆的概念,也是两个应该引起重视的研究领域。本文从对比这两个概念在国内外的研究状况入手,辨析了这两个概念的含义及其研究范畴,指出目前研究的局限和应有的研究框架,并分析其相应的实践应用方向。     

文化旅游开发中的“人类学参与”

文化旅游对于文化的利用需要经历\"文化资源化\"和\"文化再生产\"的过程.旅游产业化的直接后果之一就是深刻地影响,甚至改变了人们的生活和休闲方式.在中国学术界,从事旅游研究和开发的学者,包括管理学、经济学、地理学等学科都采取不同的方式,直接或间接介入旅游开发领域,而以研究文化和地方社会见长的人类学,在旅游开发过程中,应该和怎样扮演自己的角色,把人类学的理论知识转化为实践性的行动研究,以解决与旅游相伴而生的各种社会和文化问题呢?     

Global–local relationships and governance issues at the Great Wall World Heritage Site,China

Heritage preservation and tourism use are inevitably intertwined at heritage sites and are characterized by both symbioses and tensions, particularly at World Heritage Sites, where international initiatives interact with local priorities. The international designation impacts heritage preservation, tourism development and community well-being at the local level, especially in developing countries. This paper examines global–local relationships, as well as involvement and governance at intermediate scales, and their implications for preservation and development at Badaling Great Wall World Heritage Site in Beijing, China, through examinations of its management structure, heritage preservation and development plans, and the opinions of the local business community. Interviews were conducted with key officials of the Management Office and questionnaire surveys were distributed with local business operators. It is shown that multiple stakeholders operate in a hierarchical, multi-departmental management structure. International linkages are weak and via central government. Positive economic impacts from tourism are highly valued. High awareness of heritage preservation and positive attitudes toward tourism are identified among local business operators with relatively high tolerance for negative environmental impacts. Potential conflicts between global priorities by World Heritage designation and local needs for tourism development are illustrated. Practical implications for heritage and tourism planning and management are discussed.     

文学旅游地的社会文化建构:以凤凰古城为例

该研究基于文化环及其拓展理论,通过定性和定量相结合的方法探讨了凤凰古城作为文学旅游地的文化生产和消费。结论指出:(1)沈从文及其文学作品所构建的文学世界中的"湘西世界",旅游开发者和经营者所构建的"现实中的边城"与旅游者的"口碑中的凤凰古城"共同构建了"想象中的凤凰古城",即待阅读的"凤凰古城文本",并使这一文本公共化;(2)作为文化消费者,旅游者在文学旅游地的构建与重构过程中扮演了重要的角色,是联系整个社会文化建构过程的纽带。在此基础上,本研究构建了一个新的旅游地社会文化建构模型,以期对旅游地的文化生产和消费相关研究及具体应用进行补充和拓展。     

Cultural Heritage Assets in China as Sustainable Tourism Products: Case Studies of the Hutongs and the Huanghua Section of the Great Wall

Due to its rich stock of heritage assets, extraordinary pace of market liberalisation, and its political administration, the People’s Republic of China is at a crossroads in terms of the management of its heritage assets. In order to better understand the threats and opportunities that market liberalisation may pose for cultural heritage assets as future tourism products, this study examines two examples in the Beijing municipality; the Hutongs and the section of the Great Wall at Huanghua. These case studies are used to investigate the coordination of policy to balance modernisation and conservation of heritage assets in Beijing, and place it against a general model of stakeholder roles that can drive the sustainable use of heritage assets. Teasing out the nature of these roles has identified where tourism development aids or detracts from existing heritage conservation policies. Without better coordination of roles in policy implementation, the sustainability of many heritage assets as future tourism products is in question.     

旅游区经济影响域界定研究——以八达岭长城旅游区为例

文章提出了旅游区经济影响域的概念和关键指标、界定模型,并选取八达岭旅游区作为典型案例区,旅游区周围的6个村落为样本点,进行现场问卷调查和深入访谈,从而获取了旅游经济指标的实测值以及样本空间坐标。然后运用旅游区经济影响指数模型和旅游区经济影响域域值模型对样本数据进行总体趋势和范围的分析。结果发现,基于户均旅游直接就业和收入标准化值的八达岭旅游区旅游经济影响域域值为2.84千米,该值代表了八达岭旅游区经济辐射范围核心部分。在此基础上,刻画出旅游经济影响域的空间结构,并探讨了空间分异的原因。     

A Cultural Encounter through Volunteer Tourism: Towards the Ideals of Sustainable Tourism?

International volunteering is increasingly recognised as a form of alternative tourism. However, the nature of the ‘alternative’ experience gained, and the ensuing narrative between host and volunteer, remains under-explored in published research, especially in volunteer tourism research within a cultural context in a developed nation. This paper examines the nexus between volunteer tourism and cultural tourism in the search for alternative and sustainable experiences through tourism. Qualitative research using in-depth interviews, diaries and participant observation was conducted to examine the pre-, during and post-trip experiences of 12 Australian visitors undertaking organised volunteer activities in an indigenous Maori community in the North Island of New Zealand during January 2005. Members of the indigenous Maori community were also interviewed to provide an important host perspective. Findings suggest that the nature of the interaction and cultural experiences gained were perceived as mutually beneficial and seemingly different from those gained from traditional cultural products. In particular, the volunteers experienced an alternative Maori cultural product and engaged in a different narrative with their Maori hosts through their volunteer work, one rich in authentic cultural content, genuine and reflective of modern Maori life in New Zealand society.     

论旅游文化——文化人类学视野

目前,国内旅游文化研究已进入了瓶颈阶段。尽管有近40部与旅游文化相关的著作和教材以及大量学术论文,但人们在各种意义上使用"旅游文化"这一词汇,旅游文化的内涵与外延仍模糊不定。文章在追溯国内外旅游文化研究成果的基础上,从文化的发生层面来界定和框限旅游文化,并在内涵、特性、功能层面上对旅游文化与一般文化进行比较分析,进而指出未来的旅游文化研究可以运用文化人类学传统民族志方法来获取第一手资料。同时,文章旨在反思国内旅游文化研究的概念误区,并尝试以文化人类学视角来廓清旅游文化的外延,将旅游文化视为文化生产与再生产的结果,为旅游文化内涵的明确化、具体化做抛砖引玉的前期思考。     

The mediation of information technology on visitors’ experience at a cultural heritage site

This study identifies perceptual differences between the experiences of using an interactive ubiquitous access tourism service (U-tourism service) at a cultural heritage site and on-site participation-driven services. An interactive U-tourism service, “Hwaseong Haenggung Histour”, a smart phone application, was developed and implemented for this study. The study found (a) visitors who experienced the U-tourism service showed higher recognition on such dimensions as education, novelty, entertainment and fellowships, regarded as important components of on-site experiences, than those who joined on-site participation-driven services and (b) young visitors who used the interactive U-tourism service recorded higher in the dimensions of both education and novelty than those who joined on-site participation-driven services and showed higher satisfaction. These findings provide strong justification for the introduction of U-tourism services, particularly for young visitors. This study contributes to the understanding of a fast-growing and influential electronic tool for cultural heritage sites.     

“摩梭人文化保护区“质疑——论少数民族文化旅游资源的保护与开发

本文从三个方面对“泸沽湖摩梭人文化保护区“的提法进行了反驳,并阐述了少数民族文化与少数民族文化旅游资源的联系与区别,就旅游在民族社区社会文化变迁中所扮演的角色和少数民族文化旅游资源的保护与开发提出了自己的看法.     

文化和旅游融合:多层次关系内涵、挑战与践行路径

文化和旅游部的组建使"文旅融合"成为热词,对文化和旅游关系的历时性反思却比较缺乏,进而影响了对文化和旅游关系的完整理解。文章基于对文化和旅游关系演变的历时性梳理,分析了文化和旅游关系的起源、发展与提升及其相应阶段可能面临的挑战。研究认为:文化的身份意义和旅游者追求身份认同使文化具有吸引物属性,建构文化的身份认同与集体记忆增强其吸引物属性并使之成为旅游资源,是践行文旅融合的第一层次路径,但也可能会面临关于文化工具性的批判。通过文化的可参观性生产提升文化的展示水平,是增强旅游者文化旅游体验的重要方式,也是践行文旅融合的第二层次路径,但因此而引起的文化商品化往往被批判为旅游导致文化衰落。文化旅游产品的进一步商业化与产业链延伸是践行文旅融合的第三层次路径,但也可能导致过度商业化与文化体验失真的批判。     

The resource-based and the market-based approaches to cultural tourism in alpine destinations

This study focuses on the relevance of cultural resources in tourism, including cultural heritage sites, cultural landscapes, events or festivals. It seeks to reveal the differences between two management strategy perspectives, the market-based view or approach (MBV) and the resource-based view or approach (RBV), of involved destination stakeholders and the impacts of those differing approaches on their perception of cultural tourism development. The literature on the strategy orientation of organizations/destinations is reviewed and serves as the theoretical background. Data were gathered from 38 semi-structured interviews with experts and key stakeholders in alpine destinations of cultural tourism in Northern Italy, using GABEK, a tool for analyzing complex qualitative data. The results indicate differences between destinations with diverse strategy-perspectives in terms of authenticity perception, standardization, leadership and sustainability orientation. The MBV requires larger financial resources to create an effective brand image. Authenticity was found to be very important and the VRIO framework (valuable, rare, inimitable and organized) a valuable tool. The RBV is best related to niche market products. The RBV also leads to more sustainable strategies for resource use but requires strong vision and network management skills.