发展生态林业 提高社会经济效益

生态林业是以生态学原理和生态经济学原则为指导,遵循生态经济复合系统规律,运用系统工程的方法,发挥传统林业之所长,充分利用现代科学技术,实施林业综合经营,以发挥森林的多种功能,实现资源永续利用,提高林业的综合生产力,达到生态效益、经济效益和社会效益的同步增长,生态经济总体效益最高的林业。在我国发展生态林业既是从我国山多林少、人多田少、劳动力充足、人均资源少的国情林情     

山区林业建设的必由之路—生态与经济相结合

文章在阐明了山区生态失衡的基本原因和主要标志的基础上,论述了生态效益对经济效益的影响和制约,从林业与其他产业的关系、大力发展经济林、实施林业丰业化战略、努力兴办森林旅游业等4个方面探讨了生态与经济相结合的问题。     

谈林业经济效益与生态保护的平衡

林业经济发展与社会发展和生态环境建设均有着不可分割的联系。在经济建设和发中,人们不够重视生态建设和生态保护,资源开发中损害了大量的林业资源,这种方式不利于我国经济的可持续发展,加剧了水土流失和土地沙漠化,因此,发展林业经济,重视生态林业环境保护势在必行。     

企业的最高境界：三个效益并重

生态效益、社会效益、经济效益是企业发展的目的。三个效益是一个有机的整体,相互制约、相互影响、相互促进,构成一个辩证的统一体。任何一个有远见卓识的经营管理者都绝对不会重视某一方面而忽视其他方面的。     

大兴安岭地区林业企业经济效益分析与发展对策

分析了大兴安岭地区林业企业经济效益不景气的主要原因,并提出提高林业企业经济效益的对策,以为该市林业企业的发展提供参考。     

三类效益的辨析与综合初探

综合发展效益由社会经济发展中的经济效益、生态效益、社会效益共同构成,三类效益各自有其内涵、构成、度量。本文在对三类效益辨析的基础上,对综合发展效益的内容进行了初步探索,认为对三类效益的追求都要持有科学的态度,应正确处理它们的短期效益与长期效益的关系。     

农用林业生态经济效益计量模型

通过对农作物与白蜡条间作模式的生态经济效益的分析及计量模型的研究，探讨农用林业的生态经济效益评价。     

政府,市场与林业生态建设研究

我国林业再生产过程中,是依恋过去习惯的政府干预,还是利用“看不见的手”的市场调节,这一直是理论界争论的焦点。然而,我们可以通过森林资源是否可持续发展标准来衡量,也就是在加强政府宏观调控的同时注重林业的经济效益,在利用市场机制的力量时不损害林业的生态效益、社会效益,从而促进经济效益、社会效益和生态效益的协调发展。     

围绕发展生态环保型效益经济目标提高工程咨询服务质量

吉林省第八次党代会提出,大力推进吉林经济跨越式发展和社会全面进步,全面完成“十五”计划,提前实现到2010年国内生产总值比2000年翻一番的奋斗目标,并重申要坚持“高效益、广就业、可持续”的方针。笔者认为,这也应成为工程咨询业提高服务质量的指导方针,落实到具体工作上,就是要树立全面的发展观,坚持经济效益、社会效益和生态效益的协调统一,以此作为把握住质量关的尺度。     

生态效益与生态经济效益的界定：兼与张叶先生商榷

生态效益与生态经济效益的界定──兼与张叶先生商榷许坚（西北农业大学）人类的劳动,或生产活动,总是在一定特定的生态环境中进行的。所谓生态环境,是指以人为主体的外界自然环境,它是生物与非生物有机结合形成的统一整体,人类在生产劳动中,总是要以自然资源的形式...     

战争与生态经济建设

本文从战争与生态经济相互关系的角度,论述了三个问题:21世纪是生态经济建设时代,战争是生态经济建设的致命问题,9·11恐怖战争、反恐怖战争是对生态经济建设的严重破坏。     

Measuring economic loss caused by ecological damages： a case study of China＇s forest ecosystem in 2005

At present about 60% of ecosystem has been damaged and degraded severely, resulting in enormous ecological loss globally. The essential cause is the irrational utilization of ecosystem by humankind, so it is tire key to changing improper environmental performance of humankind so as to prevent ecosystem from being damaged The quantitative valuation on the loss of ecological damage is an effective tool to guide human eco-environmental performance. In this paper, the concepts related to the valuation on ecological damage cost are introduced,＂ uncertainties that might arise in the valuation on the loss of ecological damage such as area coverage of valuation, ecological damage quantity, borders of ecological damage cost and data support are analyzed and the valuation approaches for the loss of ecological damage are also discussed As a case study, the economic losses of ecological damage of forest in 2005 in China are valuated.     

Educational choice, endogenous inequality and economic development

This paper investigates the mechanics through which wealth may, in the long run, trickle down from the rich to the poor. In the presence of indivisibilities in investment of human capital and impossibility of borrowing money, investment in education is financed through an intergenerational transfer. In an OLG model where aggregate production requires capital and both skilled and unskilled labor, it is shown that the long run equilibrium outcome depends on the values of few key parameters. A complete characterization of the steady state is provided. Under some configurations of the parameter values a unique invariant equilibrium exists where inequality vanishes asymptotically. Under others, multiple equilibria exist and the equilibrium outcome crucially depends on the initial conditions of the system. These equilibria are characterized by a negative relationship between inequality and economic development.     

Assessing the ecological and economic benefits of a no-take marine reserve

The management of marine resources is often impeded by a lack of models to integrate ecological and economic information on exploited populations. We used available biological and economic data for an overexploited population of the leopard grouper (Mycteroperca rosacea) to study if closing parts of the population to fishing would allow sustainable use and maximum economic benefits. Our results suggest that fishing should be closed in all spawning areas and in at least 50% of the adjacent areas. High non-consumptive benefits would be achieved with large closures because the abundance of the leopard groupers, which is an important attribute for SCUBA divers, would increase. In a no-take reserve, the welfare gains of divers seemingly could compensate for losses incurred by fishers if parts of their fishing grounds are closed. An adaptive management scheme could provide a way to incorporate newly available information into management decisions for the no-take reserve.     

A study of economic development in Tibet of China based on the ecological economic mode

The purpose of this paper is to study the issues on keeping the continuous development of Tibetan economy and the relative stability of its ecosystem. Hence, in order to achieve the object, the study analyzes the status quo of economic development in Tibet and the problems of resource exploitation. It especially discusses frailty of Tibetan eco-environment, and evaluates the contradictions between the traditional economic developing mode and the safety of plateau＇s ecosystem. It concludes that there is an inevitable clash between the development of Tibetan economy and the safety of plateau＇s eco-system; this problem cannot be avoided by any decision maker, Therefore, the character of Tibetan econvironment and the requirement of its economic development strategy determine that ecological economy developing mode is the only choice for Tibet. This paper suggests that it should be compensated by the national government to assure that Tibetan economy can keep a higher developing speed. In accordance with the feature of plateau eco-economy system and demand of Tibetan economic development, this paper also suggests several methods to apply the ecoeconomy developing strategy of Tibet.     

Symbolic values, occupational choice, and economic development

Channeling human resources into occupations with high social productivity has historically been a key to economic prosperity. Occupational choices are not only driven by the material rewards associated with the various occupations, but also driven by the esteem that they confer. We propose a model of endogenous growth in which occupations carry a symbolic value that makes them more or less attractive; the evolution of symbolic values is endogenously determined by purposive transmission of value systems within families. The model sheds light on the interaction between cultural and economic development and identifies circumstances under which value systems matter for long-run growth. It shows the possibility of culturally determined poverty traps and offers a framework for thinking about the transition from traditional to modern values.     

Coordination of economic development and ecological environment in resource exhausted cities

This paper establishes the evaluation index system of ecological environment and economic development in resource exhausted cities, and calculates the level of economic development and ecological environment during the year 2005-2012 by using the entropy method. Furthermore, this study analyzes the coordination degree and coordinated development degree by using the coordination model. The results show that the coordination relationship of economic development and ecological environment continues to improve from 2005 to 2012 in most of these resource exhausted cities. By 2012, other resource depletion cities are in all kinds of hierarchical coordination except Yichun and Hegang. From the standpoint of coordination development degree, although most of these resource exhausted cities have been increased continuously but the level is also lower except in Tongling and Xinyu. Finally, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions according to the results of the analysis.     

Differences and similarities between ecological and economic models for biodiversity conservation

In this paper we investigate an important obstacle which substantially complicates co-operation between ecologists and economists but which has received little attention so far: differences between the modelling approaches in economics and ecology. To understand these differences, 60 models addressing issues relevant to biodiversity conservation have been selected randomly from eight international economic and ecological journals. The models have been compared according to a number of criteria including the models' level of generality; the mathematical techniques employed for formulation and solution of the models; the level of complexity and the way time, space and uncertainty are taken into account. The economic models sampled are formulated and analysed analytically, tend to be relatively simple and are mostly used to investigate general questions. Furthermore, they often ignore space, dynamics and uncertainty. Although some ecological models have similar properties, there is also a substantial number of another type of ecological models that are relatively complex and analysed by simulation. These models tend to be rather specific and often explicitly consider dynamics, space and uncertainty. The integrated ecological-economic models are observed to lie “in the middle” between ecological and economic models. An unexpected result is that they are not more complex than ecological and economic models (as one could have expected from a simple “merger” of models from both disciplines), but have an intermediate complexity.     

大理州水生态保护及经济发展的对策研究

随着我国综合实力不断增强,全面进入中国特色社会主义新时代,社会的主要矛盾转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。人民日益增长的美好生活需要包含美好的生态环境、安全的水源、新鲜的空气等等。党的十八大对推进新时代“五位一体”总体布局作了全面部署,将生态文明建设摆在非常突出的重要位置。我国经济发展方式由高速发展向高质量发展转变,经济发展与生态保护的联系更为紧密。本文通过对《大理州年鉴》《云南省水资源公报》《大理白族自治州国民经济和社会发展统计公报》中的数据进行分析,探讨大理州水资源保护与经济发展关系,提出新时代下如何实现水资源保护与经济发展双赢对策。