REITs运用于中国公租房建设的难点分析与对策建议

中国公租房建设的长期可持续发展亟须创新融资机制,REITs可以作为新的融资方式被引进。然而,REITs在中国尚未落地,另一方面中国公租房的制度推行伊始,尚未完成大规模出租,而其性质又决定了其盈利性较弱的特点。因而将REITs运用于中国公租房建设难免遭遇重重障碍,本文对以上可能面临的障碍进行了分析,并在完善立法、创新融资模式等方面提出了对策建议。     

REITs运用于中国公租房建设的难点分析与对策建议

中国公租房建设的长期可持续发展亟须创新融资机制,REITs可以作为新的融资方式被引进。然而,REITs在中国尚未落地,另一方面中国公租房的制度推行伊始,尚未完成大规模出租,而其性质又决定了其盈利性较弱的特点。因而将REITs运用于中国公租房建设难免遭遇重重障碍,本文对以上可能面临的障碍进行了分析,并在完善立法、创新融资模式等方面提出了对策建议。     

REITs运用于中国公租房建设的障碍与对策建议

中国公租房建设的长期可持续发展亟需创新融资机制,REITs可以作为新的融资方式被引进。然而,REITs在中国尚未落地,立法、监管,专业性人才等方面尚存不足;此外,中国公租房的制度推行伊始,尚未完成大规模出租,管理办法也还处于不断被修订的阶段,而其性质又决定了其盈利性较弱的特点。因而将REITs运用于中国公租房建设难免遭遇重重障碍,本文对以上可能面临的障碍进行了分析,并在完善立法、创新融资模式等方面提出了对策建议。     

房地产投资信托基金的国际经验比较与借鉴

REITs(Real Estate Investment Trusts,简称RESTs)拓宽了房地产企业的融资渠道,又增加了普通投资者的投资途径,必将对我国的房地产发展带来积极的影响。但我国REITs发展刚起步,法律、监管制度等不完善,投资者也需时间熟悉等,因此有必要分析借鉴国际上发展REITs的成功经验。该文分析比较了美国和亚洲各国发展REITs的成功经验及对我国的启示。     

亚洲与美国关于REITs发展模式的比较分析

通过分析REITs在美国、香港、新加坡、日本、韩国、澳大利亚等国家和地区的发展历程，比较REITs的两种发展模式和立法要求，以期在我国房地产行业从房地产开发向房地产投资转型阶段中，对发展房地产投资信托基金（REITs）提供借鉴意义。     

我国REITs法律制度面临的困境及建设对策

房地产地产信托投资基金(REITs)作为一种新的房地产金融创新品种吸引着越来越多房地产企业和投资者的目光。通过研究国内外REITs法制建设的演变及我国引进房地产信托投资基金制度所面临的法律困境,深入分析建设和完善我国REITs法律制度具有重要的意义。     

REITs产权类资产估值方法的实践探讨

对不动产投资信托基金(REITs)资产合理估值是防范市场风险、推动市场长期健康发展的重要内容。本文以REITs产权类资产的估值方法为基础,结合评估实践,提出收益年期、运营毛收入、出租率、租金增长率、运营净收入以及报酬率等核心参数的选取原则和方法,并分析其在REITs产权类资产估值中的应用情况和效果。结果表明,在本文提出的核心参数选取方法下,REITs产权类资产估值具备合理性,可进一步将其推广运用在REITs产权类资产评估工作中。     

中国房地产投资信托的发展与未来展望

继美国、日本、韩国、澳大利亚、新加坡及香港先后推出房地产信托基金上市后,中国2008年年底<国九条>中批准此类作为创新融资方式,其中越秀、北辰等大型房地产公司均表示将以房地产信托基金形式上市.本文拟以中国现行的不动产证券化制度作为研究对象,配合不动产证券化现况的介绍与探讨,提升对中国不动产证券化的认知度,同时也将探讨中国不动产证券化在金融体系中对民间与政府的影响情形,讨论中国发展不动产证券化的必要性及可行性,将金融市场与金融机构的问题引入,以一个全球化的观点来探讨不动产证券化对于投资、长期经济成长的影响.     

The nature of listed real estate companies: property or equity market?

This paper addresses the question of whether shares of public real estate companies should be treated as real estate or as equity investments. Because theoretical considerations do not suffice for making such a classification, we empirically investigate correlation structures and cointegration relationships of private and public real estate and equity markets for the United States and the United Kingdom. Our results suggest that public real estate stocks show similarities to the general stock market with regard to short-term return co-movements. For long-term investment horizons, the interdependence between direct and securitized real estate is much stronger. However, in the latter case, real estate stocks substantially lead the private property markets.

REIT Characteristics and the Sensitivity of REIT Returns

Previous research on the returns to real estate investment trusts (REITs) has considered whether REITs are systematically exposed to general stock-market risk and interest-rate risk. This study examines how the sensitivity of REIT returns to these factors may be influenced by various REIT characteristics. Using a sample of publicly traded REITs, we estimate the sensitivity of REIT returns to stock market and interest-rate changes. We then propose and implement a model for testing whether differences in asset structure, financial leverage, management strategy, and degree of specialization in the REIT portfolios are related to their sensitivity to interest rate and market risk. Our results permit us to offer some inferences about how REITs can alter their risk exposure by managing these characteristics.     

The Relationship Between REITs Returns and Inflation: A Vector Error Correction Approach

Previous studies show that REITs returns and inflation arenegatively related. This paper reexamines this perverse inflation hedgephenomenon by investigating the relationship among REITs returns, realactivities, monetary policy and inflation through a Vector ErrorCorrection Model. Empirical results show that inflation does notGranger-cause REITs returns and that REITs returns signal changes in monetary policy. The observed negative relationship between REITs returnsand inflation is merely a proxy for the more fundamental relationshipbetween REITs returns and other macroeconomic variables.     

Conditional Volatility of Equity Real Estate Investment Trust Returns: A Pre- and Post-1993 Comparison

We examine the dynamic behavior of Equity Real Estate Investment Trust (EREIT) volatility in a GARCH context 1972–2006 using monthly EREIT returns, and comparing volatility performance for “early” Equity REITs 1972–1992 with that of “modern” EREITs 1993–2006. Consistent with findings for conventional firms, we find that EREIT conditional volatility is time-varying, persistent, and predictable. There is a positive relationship between expected return and expected risk in EREIT stocks pre-1993, but the relationship disappears after 1993. We find no evidence that negative shocks affect EREIT volatility differently from positive ones in either time period. Different from reported results for conventional firms, we find that changes in the conditional volatility of fundamental macroeconomic variables have strong explanatory value for future changes in EREIT volatility. Finally, comparing EREIT volatility performance with volatility in the Russell 2000 Index, a proxy for small stocks, we find that EREIT volatility behaves differently from that of small stocks in many respects, indicating that risks in the small stock index cannot effectively proxy for risks in the EREIT market.

我国房地产投资信托基金（REITs）法律制度困境及对策研究

我国房地产融资主要来自商业银行,融资结构与渠道亟待破局。为撬动民间资本,调整房地产融资结构,降低金融机构的信贷风险并拓宽投资者理财渠道,对我国在当前法律制度环境下推行REITs进行可行性分析,并从REITs专项与配套立法、组织结构模式、操作运行模式以及投资报酬设计等几个方面提出我国REITS发展的建设性的意见和建议。     

Debt,Agency, and Management Contracts in REITs: The External Advisor Puzzle

This study investigates why externally advised real estate investment trusts (REITs) underperform their internally managed counterparts. Consistent with previous studies, we find that REITs managed by external advisors underperform internally managed ones by over 7 percent per year. Property-level cash-flow yields are similar between the two managerial forms, but corporate-level expenses and especially interest expenses are responsible for lower levels of cash available to shareholders in externally advised REITs. We document that the higher-interest expenses are due to both higher levels of debt and to higher debt yields for externally advised REITs. We posit that compensating managers based on either assets under management or on property-level cash flows creates incentives for managers to increase the asset base by issuing debt even if the interest costs are unfavorable.     

Ownership Dynamics of REITs

This paper studies the effects that benefits of control and moral hazard have on the evolution of large stakes in REITs. A large risk-averse shareholder trades off the net benefits of REIT business monitoring and control with the cost of bearing risk beyond the level compensated by the REIT return premium. In equilibrium, the large shareholder gradually adjusts his ownership shares level (as long as his marginal benefits from holding shares increase in his REIT stake) towards the long-run competitive equilibrium in which his marginal share valuation coincides with that of the market. Because of the moral hazard, such level of ownership (and monitoring) is, in general, inefficient. The speed of adjustment is positively correlated with the agents risk aversion and company volatility, and negatively correlated with his marginal benefits of control and beneficial monitoring effects.     

Technical, Allocative and Scale Efficiencies of REITs: An Empirical Inquiry

Abstract:   This paper empirically explores various efficiency aspects of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) in light of their remarkable growth in the 1990s. We find clear evidence of considerable technical inefficiency in REITs, though not much indication for allocative or scale inefficiency. The results also suggest that an increasing number of REITs has been operating under diseconomies of scale since the late 1990s primarily due to the recent wave of consolidation and merger activities. As creatures of the US tax code, REIT's have undergone several changes to their operating status, and our results suggest that the prevalent regulatory environment appears too onerous for the industry and may have contributed to the REITs' poor efficiency performance. In particular, further cuts or total elimination of the dividend restriction on REITs could provide much needed relief and stability in the US real estate market.     

The Pricing of Property Trust IPOs in Australia

Following Brounen and Eichholtz (2002) this paper adds to the international literature investigating the underpricing of REIT initial public offerings (IPOs), with a study into Australian property trusts. This study finds that initial day returns can in part be explained by forecast profit distributions (or dividends) and the market sentiment towards property trusts from the date of the prospectus to the date of listing. There is some support for the “winners curse” explanation of underpricing with evidence that large investor or institutional involvement at the outset of the IPO also has some explanatory power.     

仓位限制对证券投资基金投资行为的影响研究

本文考察了股票仓位限制对证券投资基金投资行为的影响,发现仓位限制抑制了基金的动量行为,并使波段操作成为基金经理应对申购赎回机制和评价考核机制压力的基本策略。这意味着基于仓位限制的基金投资行为使股市波动的幅度减小、频率加快。据此,本文认为在我国股票市场过度波动的情况下,基金业绩差强人意与仓位限制有关,并且基金因为仓位限制而发挥了稳定市场的重要作用。