出口导向、市场寻求与 FDI 增长的实证分析

根据国内将流入我国的FDI 分为出口导向型和市场寻求型的主流观点,本文采用AEG 协整检验、Granger 因果关系检验模型和残差修正模型,对居民消费水平、商品出口总额与FDI 之间的关系进行了实证分析。研究认为,商品出口总额对FDI 的推动作用不明显,而消费对FDI 的拉动作用很大,居民消费水平是增长的Granger 原因,流入我国的FDI 呈现出明显的市场寻求型特征。在此基础上,提出了今后我国引资政策的调整和制定应当同提升居民的消费结构、优化我国的产业结构相结合的政策建议。     

Does antidumping stimulate FDI? Evidence from Japanese firms in the UK

Does Antidumping Stimulate FDI? Evidence from Japanese Firms in the UK. — This paper explores which factors influence the number of Japanese firms in the UK and the level of employment and fixed assets in those firms, at a highly disaggregated sector level. We are interested in whether trade policy has had a role to play in the entry and expansion of Japanese firms. The results give some support to the hypothesis that antidumping action has acted as an incentive for Japanese direct investment in the UK. However, it has a relatively modest effect —antidumping cases can explain a maximum of 8 per cent of the expansion in employment by existing Japanese firms in the UK, while they appear to have no influence on the arrival of new firms.     

退税,助力出口企业发展

外向型经济发展在青岛市经济中处于举足轻重的位置,青岛一直是山东省外贸出口的重要基地,但自2008年下半年以来,由于人民币升值、原材料价格大涨大跌等各种不利因素叠加聚合,出口企业整体效益下滑.     

The Role of the Efficiency Gap for Spillovers from FDI: Evidence from the UK Electronics and Engineering Sectors

This paper focuses on the role of the efficiency gap in determining whether or not domestic firms benefit from productivity spillovers from FDI. We use establishment level data for the period 1980–1992 for the UK. Given that there is substantial heterogeneity of productivity across sectors we focus on two manufacturing sectors in detail, namely, electronics and engineering. We allow for different effects of FDI on establishments located at different quantiles of the productivity distribution by using conditional quantile regression. Overall, while there is some heterogeneity in results across sectors and quantiles, our findings clearly suggest that the efficiency gap matters for productivity spillover benefits. We find evidence for a u-shaped relationship between productivity growth and FDI interacted with the efficiency gap. We also analyse in some detail the impact of changes in relative efficiency on establishments’ ability to benefit from spillovers.     

甘肃发展外向型经济的特征分析

在全球经济一体化的今天,甘肃外向型经济发展无论在对外贸易、引进外资,还是在国际旅游创汇方面,不仅远远落后于东部沿海地区,也大大落后于西部地区。本文通过分析比较甘肃外向型经济发展的特征,立足发现问题,挖掘潜力,借鉴东、中部地区发展的成功经验,探寻甘肃外向型经济实施赶超型战略和跨越式发展的有效途径。     

中国出口导向型增长的区域差异性

采用多变量VAR模型框架下的协整检验和Granger因果检验对中国总体以及不同地区的1978~2001年的GDP、进口和出口的年度数据进行了分析,检验结果显示不同地区的结论不同,东部地区支持“出口导向型经济增长”假说,而中西部地区不支持。中国的经济增长需要从内部寻找动力;不同地区应根据各自的特点来制订发展战略,而不能生搬硬套固有模式。     

新疆外向型经济发展的测度与思考

发展外向型经济是新疆全面建设小康社会的重要内容,也是"十一五"规划的重大问题。无论是从全球经济一体化的大背景还是立足自身的区情,新疆的经济发展都必须要走外向型的发展道路。本文将通过对新疆外向型经济发展水平的测定,找出其在发展外向型经济过程中存在的问题,进而提出相关的对策和措施。     

21世纪新疆外向型经济发展的新思路

实施沿边开放战略是20世纪90年代中国对外开放的重大战略决策,它标志着我国对外开放格局已由沿海地区优先开放走上沿海、沿江和沿边地区协调推进、全方位开放的新阶段.     

我国外商直接投资的空间分布分析

本文从数量和质量两方面对目前我国我商直接投资的空间分布失衡进行了分析，针对各地争相吸引外资的政策进行了理论评价，并对中西部吸引外商直接投资的前景进行了理性的展望。     

探析安徽实施外向型经济发展战略中的问题与对策

文章通过对安徽外向型经济发展现状、面临的机遇和挑战等方面的分析,针对国家实施中部崛起战略的经济发展机遇,对安徽如何充分发挥各种优势,抢抓机遇,用好政策,突出重点,东向发展,因势利导,以战略的眼光来规划和加快发展外向型经济,进行了初步的探讨.     

论推进广东外向型民营企业实施"走出去"战略

目前广东外向型民营企业境外投资滞后，严重制约着广东参与国际资源配置的广度和深度。广东要在发展外源性经济的同时发展内源性经济，不能忽视境外投资。     

Retirement in the UK

In common with other OECD countries, the UK experienced morethan two decades of declining labour-market activity among oldermen from the 1970s to the early 1990s, a trend that has onlyrecently shown signs of being reversed. Retirement decisionsare heavily shaped by institutional context and in the UK thishas led to there being two distinct groups with very different‘retirement’ experiences. At the top of the wealthdistribution, early retirement has typically been influencedby private, occupational pensions; at the bottom of the wealthdistribution individuals are even more likely to be not workingin their 50s, but do not typically define themselves as retired,and draw on income support, or more usually, disability benefits.Policy-makers keen to increase effective retirement ages willneed to consider the very different circumstances of these twogroups. Footnotes ¹ E-mail addresses: j.banks{at}ifs.org.uk; sarah.smith{at}bristol.ac.uk     

我国港口业跨国直接投资的动因及策略

本文运用邓宁提出的国际直接投资经典理论,梳理港口业海外投资的动因,检讨中国港口业海外投资的现状及问题,并在此基础上对国内港口企业走出去策略提供建议,包括循序渐进,以非投资形式先行积累海外经验;适当运用跨国并购,获取所缺的海外投资必备优势;与当地港口运营商和大船公司等结盟;格外关注区位选择及其风险防范等。     

Restructuring the regional distribution of FDI: The case of Japanese and US FDI

There have been numerous changes in the international economic environment for foreign direct investment (FDI) over the past decades. More than ever, the trend towards globalization has stimulated both firms and countries to establish closer cross-border economic linkages and interdependence throughout the world. This study finds evidence that there has been a convergence in the regional distribution pattern between Japanese and US manufacturing FDIs among six host regions in the period of 1976–1996. We also present evidence that this convergence can be accounted for by the converging responses to competitive advantages of the investing and host country firms, and of the resource endowments of investing and recipient nations.     

外商投资的制度效应与外资战略调整

对外开放30年来,我国吸收外商直接投资额持续增加,尤其近15年一直高居发展中国家首位。外商投资发挥了巨大的制度效应,推动经济体制转轨和市场经济发展,带动经济成长,创造大量就业机会,形成了以开放促改革和发展的中国道路。如今,我国对外开放进入全面转型期,外商投资增长伴生的矛盾日益复杂,助长贸易失衡、流动性过剩,内外资企业竞争加剧、摩擦增加。展望未来,调整外资政策,在扩大开放中提高外商投资水平,将成为我国的必然选择。     

FDI：数量和质量同样重要

2005年上半年中国吸收外商直接投资实际使用额出现小幅负增长,呈现出一些新特点,这与国内固定资产投资增速回落的运行轨迹方向一致,近期利用外资的下降属于正常。     

Determinants of Different Modes of FDI: Firm-Level Evidence from Japanese FDI into the US

There are four major modes through which firms undertake foreign direct investment (FDI) – merger and acquisition (M&A), joint venture (JV), new plant (NP) and others (O). The four modes of FDI are distinct from each other, and each has its own unique advantages and disadvantages. While a large and growing empirical literature examines the determinants of FDI, very few studies examine the determinants of different modes of FDI. The central objective of this paper is to empirically analyze the extent to which the determinants of FDI such as firm size influences the choice of one mode of FDI over another. Our analysis follows a stylized two-stage investment process. First, we look at the probability of whether a Japanese firm is willing to undertake FDI in the US. Second, for firms that are willing to undertake FDI, we analyze which mode of FDI - i.e. M&A, joint venture, new plant or other FDI – they will undertake. The second stage is the innovation of this paper and its contribution to the FDI literature.