分层管理在普外科护理工作中的应用

随着医疗改革的不断深入,在医疗队伍管理中越来越注重根据自身能力、自身素质进行医疗工作,即在医疗队伍中实行分层次管理。分层次管理在临床医疗建设中有着重要的现实意义,不仅能够提高患者的身体恢复速度,同时也能提高患者对医院工作者的工作满意度,为医院赢得良好口碑。本文将结合分层次管理在普外科临床护理体会中的相关应用体会,探讨分层管理普外科病区护理质量管理中的效果。     

财务与管理知识在企业“转型转移”战略中的综合应用——关于建立医药集团的专项调研

A集团是一家拥有上百历史的国有大中型能源企业,由于历史体制原因,医药医院等非煤企业长期发展滞后,经营效果不理想。结合集团公司"转型转移"战略规划,对医药医院资源整合进行专项调研,就深具现实际意义。     

审计人员特征对分析性程序有效性的影响研究

当审计人员用分析性程序来评估会计报表错弊风险时,审计人员的职业判断发挥重要作用。审计人员本身的特征(专业背景、职位、职称、年龄、性别和从事审计工作年限等)对分析性程序评估会计报表错弊风险的有效性是否会有影响这个问题值得研究。对实验数据进行统计分析的结果表明:应用分析性程序来评估会计报表舞弊风险是有效的;专业背景、职位、职称、从事审计工作年限对审计人员判断有效性产生显著影响;年龄和性别对审计人员判断有效性无显著影响。因此,在组建更为有效的审计小组时,需要考虑上述因素的搭配。     

Effect of armed conflicts on humanitarian operations: Total factor productivity and efficiency of rural hospitals

We study an important but widely neglected topic in humanitarian operations: armed conflicts. Specifically, this paper empirically analyzes the effect of armed conflicts on the operational performance of first-layer response organizations. Using as a case study the Colombian conflict we investigate the effect of conflict on public rural hospitals' (i) total factor productivity, (ii) efficiency and (iii) efficiency variability. The panel data set (2007–2011) used in this study includes information at the hospital level for 163 hospitals and qualitative data collected from interviews with medical staff from the Colombian Ministry of Health and hospitals in different conflict zones. Our results indicate that armed conflict has a positive effect on total factor productivity, while it has a negative impact on hospital efficiency, and interestingly that efficiency and total factor productivity both increase in post conflict. Finally, the results show that efficiency variability is higher in peace and post-conflict hospitals and lower in medium and severe-conflict hospitals. These results have operations management implications and opportunities for future research related to sourcing decisions, supply chain and workforce flexibility, behavioral impacts on the workforce, and humanitarian response to conflicts.     

Anticipated nurses' turnover in public hospitals in Saudi Arabia

This study sought to examine anticipated turnover among nurses in Saudi hospitals, and the effect of work environment, organizational factors and personal variables on turnover intentions. A sample of 5423 nurses in 80 hospitals in 12 regions was surveyed. Significant differences in anticipated turnover were found based on nationality, education, salary, age, experience, gender and region. Predictors of anticipated turnover included work environment, organizational factors, personal variables and availability of alternative employment. Conclusion: Anticipated turnover in Saudi hospitals is a phenomenon worthy of attention, and a good part of this phenomenon is linked to the heavy reliance on expatriate labor.     

医院成本核算下的医用耗材管理探究

在市场经济迅猛发展的背景之下,医院所面临的经营压力与日俱增,医院管理层的成本管理意识逐渐被激发。医用耗材过快的增长态势,增加了医院的运营成本,在创收能力不足且财政补贴有限的情况之下,为保证医院的正常运行,实施有效的医用耗材管理机制尤为重要。现以成本核算为切入点,分析降低医用耗材成本的途径。     

An exploratory study of gender in project management: Interrelationships with role,location, technology,and project cost

This study explores whether gender differences in project managers are related to gender differences in their team members. Gender differences are explored in the context of project managers' and team members' location to one another, the project team's use of technology, and the cost and size of the project teams. Using log‐linear analysis of 563 project team members' responses, several significant findings are reported—including the likelihood of same‐gender project manager and team member dyads as well as gender differences in project contextual factors. Implications for organizational and project management researchers and decision makers conclude the article.     

Hospital capacity planning for disaster emergency management

Hospitals are an integral part of a society's critical functions designed to respond to man-made and natural disasters. Effective hospital capacity planning can significantly enhance the capability and effectiveness of treatment for emergency patients with injuries resulting from a disaster. Such information can be used for patient/ambulance routing, resource planning, and emergency operations management. In the current paper, we develop a generic simulation model that is capable of representing the operations of a wide range of hospitals given an earthquake disaster situation. Using results from our simulations, generalized regression equations are fitted to obtain steady-state hospital capacities. A parametric metamodel is then developed to predict transient capacity for multiple hospitals in the disaster area in a timely manner, as demanded by emergency operations management for guiding the routing and treatment of injured people.     

The influence of cultural context on the relationship between gender diversity and team performance: a meta-analysis

The impact of gender diversity on team performance has become a central topic in the field of human resource management for researchers and practitioners alike. Extant research provides conflicting evidence on the relationship between gender diversity and team performance. To resolve these contradictory findings, we meta-analyze the relationship between gender diversity and two performance outcomes, namely task performance and contextual performance. Grounded in categorization-elaboration model, we simultaneously consider the positive and negative aspects of gender diversity. We further examine the effect of cultural context as a moderator on the relationship between gender diversity and team performance. Based on 71 independent samples from 68 studies published between 1996 and 2013, we find a significant negative relationship ( ? 0.10) between gender diversity and contextual performance. Additionally, we find that the cultural dimensions gender egalitarianism and collectivism have significant moderating influences on the relationship between gender diversity and task performance.     

“For the Crime of Being Different…”:

The literature is largely silent on how workers with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), or any disability or stigmatising trait, might experience working in teams. It is argued here that working in a team sharpens the likelihood and experience of the stigmatisation process because of uncritical assumptions made in workplaces about the benefits of teams and team processes, combined with managerialist pressures on team members to perform. I theorise a single phenomenological case study: one woman??s lived experience of working in a team as a process of stigmatisation after her diagnosis of MS. It is recommended that workplaces rethink their expectations and approaches to working in teams, especially for those with MS or any other stigmatising trait, to ensure a more comfortable and constructive workplace environment for all, and to reduce the potential for premature departures from work for those stigmatised.     

企业年报阅读难易程度的衡量与影响因素研究——基于管理者操纵视角

以我国2007—2017年上市企业年报文本信息为研究对象,基于委托代理背景下的印象管理理论,从驱动、约束、风格三个维度分析易读性运用的影响因素。研究结果表明:企业绩效与易读性水平显著正相关,是易读性操纵的驱动因素;民营企业的盈利水平会显著驱动高管对易读性水平的操纵,而从长期公司价值的角度来看,不同所有制公司之间操纵的动机无显著差别;公司治理水平对管理者操纵年报易读性的抑制作用较为有限,监事会规模能发挥有效作用;保持高管团队的多样性和专业程度、提高女性高管占比、高管团队年轻化、提高受教育程度,均在提升年报易读性水平方面能够起到积极作用。     

Production scheduling with capacity-constrained transportation activities

This article presents a model for scheduling activities that are required to manufacture a product batch in a multistage process. The activities include setups, operations, and load movements between operations. In this model, setups may or may not require a unit from the preceding operation; each operation must be performed continuously on the batch once it has started, and capacity constraints apply to transportation activities. Within this context, two productivity-related objectives are sought. The primary objective is to minimize the total production time for the batch; the secondary is to minimize the number of load movements.Considering the capacity constraints, a maximum number of units per load is specified for each “vehicle” and one vehicle is dedicated to each transportation activity. The simplicity of the vehicle restriction facilitates the examination of scheduling interactions among activities, and the results of the research into this model may serve as a foundation for treating more general representations of capacity constraints.The model is used to investigate the scheduling implications of capacity-constrained load movements. It brings into focus interactions between these movements and the other activities in the process. After each operation, units must be grouped and moved in the fewest loads that permit the succeeding operation to begin as soon as possible, while observing setup and continuity requirements for this operation. Further, the departure times of loads depend on the availability of units and the vehicle. The formation of loads that must conform with the vehicle's capacity limit affects the times at which the loads are ready for movement, while the scheduling of previous movements from the operation affects the times at which the vehicle is available.A procedure is developed for scheduling activities that have this complex set of interactions. Computational requirements on test problems indicate that practical-sized applications can be handled with this procedure. These applications would be designed to assist in making production planning decisions by experimenting with factors such as vehicle capacity limits and sequencing of operations to determine their effect on production time requirements and numbers of load movements.The article develops a branch-and-bound routine to solve subproblems of scheduling transportation activities. The efficiency of this routine that results from exploiting the specific structure of the subproblems is critical for the success of the overall procedure. While the subproblems can be solved as zero-one mixed-integer programs, this approach is too computationally burdensome for all but the smallest of problems.     

MRP (materiel requirements planning) II education: a team-building experience

Conestoga Wood Specialties, a leader in the woodworking industry, is constantly striving for continuous improvement in manufacturing and service. Recently, the company embarked on a major MRP II education effort that served as a framework for team building. This team building concept has carried over into other aspects related to the business, such as the formalization of the sales and operations planning meeting. At Conestoga Wood, it is recognized that successful team building is necessary to achieve and maintain world-class performance.     

Team leader experience in improvement teams: A social networks perspective

In this research, we disentangle the relationship between several key aspects of a team leader's experience and the likelihood of improvement project success. Using the lens of socio-technical systems, we argue that the effect of team leader experience derives from the social system as well as the technical system. The aspects of team leader experience we examine include team leader social capital (a part of the social system) and team leader experience leading projects of the same type (a part of the technical system).We examine four different, yet related, dimensions of a team leader's social capital, which we motivate based on the social networks literature. One dimension, team leader familiarity, suggests that social capital is created when team leaders have experience working with current team members on prior improvement projects, and that such social capital increases the likelihood of improvement project success. We develop three additional dimensions, using social network analysis (SNA), to capture the idea that the improvement team leader's social capital extends beyond the current team to include everyone the leader has previously worked with on improvement projects. Contrasting our SNA-based dimensions with team leader familiarity enables us to better understand the impact of a team leader's social capital both inside and beyond the team. We also examine the effect of a team leader's experience leading prior projects of the same type, and consider the extent to which organizational experience may moderate the impact of both team leader social capital and same-type project experience.Based on analysis of archival data of six sigma projects spanning six years from a Fortune 500 consumer products manufacturer, we find that two of our SNA-based dimensions of team leader social capital, as well as experience leading projects of the same type, increase the likelihood of project success. In addition, we show that organizational experience moderates the relationship between team leader same-type project experience and project success. However, this is not the case for the relationship between the dimensions of team leader social capital and project success. These results provide insights regarding how dimensions of team leader experience and organizational experience collectively impact the operational performance of improvement teams.     

保障民生—稳妥推进社会保障卡项目建设

克拉玛依市、新疆油田按照社会保障卡工程的"统一规划整体推进"原则,在认真完成基本数据库核对以及改造各家医院HIS系统的前提下,确定了基本医疗报销目录和对应目录匹配关系,发放社会保障卡14万余张,在七家医院上线试运行,7月份正式投入运行,实现参保人员医疗费用即时结算的目标。     

浅析财务管理中的税务筹划行为

随着市场经济的发展、税收制度的完善,税收的可筹划性逾发突出。税务筹划行为作为财务管理的重要内容,是重要经济环境要素和财务决策中的重要经济变量,对完善企业财务管理制度、实现财务管理目标,为企业更具有竞争力等具有举足轻重的意义。本文就结合在国税的实习经历,浅析财务管理中税务筹划行为运作、存在的问题和原因、对策及税务筹划具有的可行性。     

Experimental evidence of gender effects in arbitration decisions

The study investigates arbitrator gender and arbitrator-grievant gender effects on the decisions of 146 arbitrators rendered on a hypothetical sexual harassment case. Gender was not found to have a statistically significant effect on the decisions examined. However, other characteristics of the arbitrator—level of experience and level of education—were found to influence the arbitral decision.     

改革临床实验教学模式 增强医学生实践能力培养

为探索新的医学教学方式,在临床医学生动物实验教学中,分别采取传统教学和TBL教学法。实验结束后对两组学生进行考核以评价教学效果。结果:实验报告上两组无显著差异,但实验组操作技能考核成绩明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。TBL教学法有利于调动学生的学习积极性,提高了学生的动手能力,并能有效促进学生团队合作精神。     

民营医院构建虚拟团队的可行性实证研究

人才问题是民营医院发展的瓶颈,随着虚拟团队理论的成熟,借鉴已有的远程诊疗技术的发展,民营医院可以考虑构建自己的虚拟团队,实现人才资源的共享。本文就民营医院构建虚拟团队的可行性进行了实证研究,通过对四个不同区域的民营医院的实际调查,分析不同类型的医疗成员对于民营医院构建虚拟团队的认识,得出民营医院构建虚拟团队是可行的,为民营医院管理者提供决策依据。     

Modelling Corporate Stakeholder Orientation: Does the Relationship Between Stakeholder Background Characteristics and Corporate Social Performance Matter?

Though corporate stakeholder orientation is connected with corporate social performance practices, there is a dearth of knowledge on the theorized assertion that background characteristics influence stakeholders’ salience and attitude towards social performance practices of firms. The aim of this paper is to measure and examine this hypothesis. To test this claim, this research uses the Surat Resource Region in Queensland, Australia, as the case study. Based on the bivariate test, age, gender, occupation type and educational status have varying statistically significant effects on stakeholders’ attitude towards corporate social practices. The multinomial logistic findings showed that only education retained a net effect on a stakeholder's attitude to participation in corporate social practices, where those with a higher level of education are 1.388 times more likely to perceive stakeholder engagement practices as relevant, 2.864 times more likely for social impact assessment practices and 1.430 times more likely for practices aimed at rights of indigenous communities. Findings imply the need for awareness programs to be incorporated into corporate social practices, which can help promote the success of stakeholder‐oriented policies. The paper further makes suggestions that have both business strategy and policy planning implications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment