中国债券市场统一问题之我见

中国的债券市场形成了交易所债券市场、银行间债券市场以及柜台零售市场共存的发展格局，但长期以来这几个市场一直处于行政分割状态，成为困扰债券市场的进一步完善的制度性障碍。2002年以来政府逐步采取了一些措施，增加市场之间交易主体和交易品种的交叉程度，从而加快了中国债券市场统一的步伐。为了进一步增加资金在各市场之间自由流动的程度，实现我国债券市场实质统一的局面，并最终形成以场外市场为主、场内市场为补充的市场体系，我国债券市场还需要从各方面加强制度建设。     

浅议我国债券市场现状及前景

我国债券市场获得了长足的发展。我国资本市场的资金供给十分充裕。今年债券发行规模进一步增大的可能性不大，债券的需求远远大于供给。各种债券的收益率有一定差异，其原因在于利息税、流动性溢价和信用风险补偿。但我国债券市场仍存在发展相对滞后、多头管理、缺少流动性和发展不平衡等问题，还不能适应经济发展的需要。近几年来我国国民经济的发展和资本市场的发展为债券市场的发展准备好了许多条件。     

中国债券市场发展回顾与展望

改革开放30年来,中国债券市场已经发展成以银行间市场为主、交易所市场为辅,涵盖各类机构投资者和债券投资品种的多层次债券市场体系。文章介绍了中国债券市场的发展历程与目前的运行结构,并从推进市场创新、完善债券收益率曲线等方面对债券市场的发展前景进行了展望。     

制度创新推动债券市场发展

债券市场是中央银行三大货币政策工具之一的公开市场业务的基础市场。目前我国债券市场发展滞后，这种状况严重制约着我国资本市场的健康发展，甚至影响到中央银行的宏观调控。完善债券市场运作机制，加快制度创新，是促进和推动债券市场发展的关键。     

加强债券市场风险管理的思考

(一)加强风险管理是我国银行业适应国际金融风险管理的迫切需要。若以巴塞尔新资本协议框架为参照，我国金融业面I临从信用风险管理转向逐步实施全面风险管理的新挑战。当前，我国对于金融业风险资产的监管，主要是考虑信用风险，基本上没有考虑利率风险和操作风险等。随着中国利率市场     

试论我国多层次债券市场的构建

本文主要以建设我国的多层次债券市场为着眼点,对比分析中国资本市场的现状及问题所在,提出相应的切实可行的整改措施及对策,在现有的单一市场体系的基础上,有计划、有步骤地构建一个具有中国特色的全方位开放型的、功能齐全的、多层次的现代债券市场体系.     

我国市政债券市场:箭在弦上,不得不发

本文从国外理论分析和历史考察角度来看，市政债券与城市开发易形成良性互动，认为我国经济运行态势良好以及新一轮城市大开发的启动，使市政债券发行更具有必要性和可行性，最后提出了发展我国市政债券市场的对策。     

银行间债券市场:在创新中发展在合作中共赢

银行间债券市场作为中国金融市场不可或缺的重要组成部分,自组建以来飞速发展,在这短短十年的时间内在资本市场乃至金融市场中异军突起,并占据了重要地位。截至2006年11月末,债券市场托管余额已达9．22万亿元,比股票市场多融资2万亿元;2006年1-11月交易量为69．03万亿元,是股票市场的9倍。     

债务契约与银行间债券市场功能缺失

本文借鉴Hellwig和Gale的最优契约思想，尝试按照金融契约——标准债务契约——直接债务契约与衍生债务契约分析框架，从债务契约角度论证我国银行间债券市场功能缺失，以此为银行间债券市场的理论研究提供一个新视角。     

The market for borrowing corporate bonds

This paper describes the market for borrowing corporate bonds using a comprehensive data set from a major lender. The cost of borrowing corporate bonds is comparable to the cost of borrowing stock, between 10 and 20 basis points, and both have fallen over time. Factors that influence borrowing costs are loan size, percentage of inventory lent, rating, and borrower identity. There is no evidence that bond short sellers have private information. Bonds with Credit Default Swaps (CDS) contracts are more actively lent than those without. Finally, the 2007 Credit Crunch does not affect average borrowing costs or loan volume, but does increase borrowing cost variance.     

The hedging effect of green bonds on carbon market risk

This paper explores effective hedging instruments for carbon market risk. Examining the relationship between the carbon futures returns and the returns of four major market indices, i.e., the VIX index, the commodity index, the energy index and the green bond index, we find that the connectedness between the carbon futures returns and the green bond index returns is the highest and this connectedness is extremely pronounced during the market's volatile period. Further, we develop and evaluate hedging strategies based on three dynamic hedge ratio models (DCC-APGARCH, DCC-T-GARCH, and DCC-GJR-GARCH models) and the constant hedge ratio model (OLS model). Empirical results show that among the four market indices the green bond index is the best hedge for carbon futures and performs well even in the crisis period. The paper also provides evidence that the dynamic hedge ratio models are superior to the OLS model in the volatile period as more sophisticated models can capture the dynamic correlation and volatility spillover between the carbon futures and market index returns.     

Product market advertising and corporate bonds

Research shows that by enhancing visibility, advertising improves stock liquidity and returns. Unlike stock holders, bond holders may view advertising skeptically. Without proven effectiveness in improving revenues, large pre-interest advertising expenditures can be seen as eroding a firm's ability to meet its debt service obligations. We find that although greater advertising by a firm improves liquidity of its bonds in the market, it does not lower the firm's cost of debt. However, firms with ineffective advertising experience reduced bond market liquidity and a higher cost of debt. Without a real positive economic impact, advertising has little or no value for bond investors.     

推进债券市场与养老金制度体系改革

今年“两会”期间，全国政协委员、中央汇金投资公司副总经理赵海英在接受《国际融资》杂志记者专访时表示，要利用中国资本市场中长期利好的发展趋势，推进债券市场改革，抓紧完善养老金制度体系。     

亚行关注中国市场竞争环境

竞争和反垄断:实现持续增长,经济发展模式转变 亚行驻中国代表处首席代表涩市彻指出:中国现在面临的挑战比以前更为复杂,这包括:与中国出口产品销售的主要市场之间的贸易问题,自然资源和环境的可持续发展问题,能源消耗日益增大的问题,等等.中国的增长模式依赖于资本、自然资源的大量投入和廉价的劳动力资源.向外国市场出口已经增大了环境、社会和政治上的压力.这种模式已经达到了推动经济高速增长的极限,无法在未来几十年依然保持这种很高的水平.     

中国资本市场不再是一个投机性市场

在近日于深圳举办的第四届中国虚拟经济研讨会上,中国人民大学证券研究中心主任吴晓求教授以"中国资本市场进入新的发展阶段"为题作了精彩的演讲,就目前我国资本市场发展的情况和问题提出了自己的看法.     

银行业改革与中国融资市场

本刊记者在采访中国人民大学财政金融政策研究中心副主任张杰教授时,张教授特别指出: 中国有自己的特色,仍然会是以银行作为金融中介的间接融资为主,而不会过多地像美国那样形成以资本市场的直接融资为主的金融体制.     

融资融券:发展我国资本市场的适时之举

融资融券是指证券交易主体可以借入资金买入证券或借入证券售出的一种信用交易方式.证券市场融资融券交易制度则是指与融资融券操作相关的一系列规章制度,政府可以借助融资融券交易制度的设计、监管及运作来调节证券市场的资金供需,以活跃股市和稳定股价.     

Binary interest rate sensitivities of emerging market corporate bonds

We develop a framework to assess interest rate sensitivities of emerging market corporate debt. Our analysis, based on yield indexes, is applied to investment grade and high yield portfolios. We reach beyond correlation-based analyses of interest rate sensitivity and keep our scope centered at capital gains of emerging market corporates and U.S. government bonds portfolios. Our empirical analysis spans over the period 2002–2015. We address interest rate sensitivity of assets during the ignition, apogee, and the aftermath of the global financial crisis. Based on historical data series, we evidence that the emerging market corporate bonds exhibit two different regimes of sensitivity to interest rate changes. We observe switching from a positive sensitivity under the normal market conditions to a negative one during distressed phases of business cycles and provide economical explanations of such phenomena. We show that emerging market corporate bonds, which on average could appear rather insensitive to the interest rate risk, in fact, present binary interest rate sensitivities. This research sheds light on how financial institutions may approach interest rate risk management including the downside risk hedge. Our findings allow banks and financial institutions to optimize economic capital under Basel III regulatory capital rules.     

中国资本市场的预期问题特征及其解决对策

资本市场是一个充满预期因素影响的市场。不同资金实力、不同年龄组、不同经验、不同文化的投资者心理预期不同。在有效需求不足的情况下,应采取多种途径,提高资本市场投资的预期收益水平,降低并尽可能减少其整体的系统性风险,增强投资者对我国资本市场的长期稳定性预期,力争使投资者对它形成良性预期,使资本市场和宏观经济确立起一种良性互动的机制。