零售企业扩张实践质疑威廉姆森命题

"复制和选择性干预不可能",是威廉姆森关于企业规模边界的一个颇具权威性的命题,但是本文认为,这个命题已遭到零售企业扩张实践的质疑,沃尔玛、家乐福等零售企业的扩张恰恰是由"复制和选择性干预"所支撑的.本文从零售企业"类似性活动"业务属性和"订购性生产"经营特征分析切入,对零售企业扩张中"复制和选择性干预"成为可能的深层原因进行了探讨.最后,文章认为,威廉姆森命题的遭遇与经济学的某种局限有关,这种局限的直接表现是经济学一直都将企业默认为生产企业,忽略流通企业的特殊属性,"工商合一"、"以工代商".文章对这种表象背后的原因也作了一定的分析.     

信息不对称下的技术贸易:理论分析和经验检验

迄今发展中国家未能有效地利用国际技术贸易从发达国家获得自己想要的技术。原因在于,由于要素禀赋的不一致,发达国家企业具有策略性传递技术质量信息以获取卖者剩余的倾向;发展中国家的企业则对发达国家企业传递的信息持不信任态度。筛选机制使得我国的技术贸易参与者集中在外资企业、资本密集型的行业和发达地区。我国技术贸易的这种格局在短期内无法有大的改变。     

信息技术对服务业的渗透与影响--对"鲍穆尔模式"的再思考

多年以来,理论界对"鲍穆尔模式"就一直争论不休,经济学家和研究者通过大量的研究不断深化对该模式的认识.本文包括四个部分:追溯了"鲍穆尔模式"的核心观点,总结了这些年的主要争论;分析了信息技术在服务业的广泛应用;展示了理论界对信息技术与劳动生产率相关性的研究成果;提出几点结论和思考.     

信息技术国际服务外包东道国选择影响因素实证研究

服务外包是国际分工深入发展的产物,它不仅为发达国家提供了配置全球资源的渠道,也使发展中国家进一步融入全球生产和服务体系。本文选取41个东道国的数据对影响信息技术国际服务外包东道国选择的因素进行了实证分析。研究显示:劳动力成本、劳动力素质、信息技术基础设施状况以及东道国的经济发展水平对信息技术国际服务外包东道国选择决策具有显著影响,文化差异程度无显著影响。最后在此基础上结合中国的现实情况提出增强我国成为服务外包东道国吸引力的措施。     

食品安全风险监测信息化

随着我国经济的不断发展,人们的生活水平不断提高,人们对食品安全的关注程度也越来越高。在本文当中,笔者结合自己的实际工作经验,阐述了当前阶段我国的现状,并以此为基础分析了当前阶段我国食品安全风险检测信息化所存在的问题,并总结了相关的解决策略。     

FDI与内资企业技术进步之间的关系——以江苏省为例的实证研究

江苏省是我国重要的FDI聚集地之一,然而以这一地区为研究对象的关于FDI技术外溢效应的研究并不多见。本文以江苏省为研究对象,利用2000至2006年27个制造业行业面板数据,估算了FDI对江苏内资企业生产率水平和生产率增长率的影响。实证结果表明:在密集使用外资的江苏省内,FDI对江苏省制造业内资企业的技术进步效应主要依赖于行业间的产业关联,总体而言,行业间外溢效应显著,行业内的外溢效应并不明显。但在高附加值产业,内资企业的技术进步不仅来自于行业间的关联,而且来自于行业内部外资企业的技术扩散和竞争。     

国际贸易技术溢出对我国的影响——基于工业制成品部门的GTAP模型分析

本文运用GTAP模型实证模拟了北美等八大区域工业制品部门的技术进步对我国经济发展、国际贸易及社会福利等方面的影响。研究发现:八大区域均能通过国际贸易技术溢出促进我国工业制成品部门技术的进步及社会福利的增加;但与Jaumotte(1999)和Connolly(2003)等文献结论不同,俄罗斯、北美和欧洲等区域对我国工业制成品部门产出及GDP增长至少在短期内有较大冲击,并会加大我国的贸易逆差。     

组织环境对企业信息安全管理的影响路径研究

在借鉴国内外研究成果的基础上,本文对139家中小企业进行问卷调查,运用因子分析和结构方程模型对数据处理后发现:在企业信息安全管理中,组织环境对人力资源安全、操作管理、信息系统开发与维护有着显著的正向影响,对资产设备安全和应急响应机制有着一定的正向影响;人力资源安全在信息安全管理中发挥中介作用,组织环境通过人力资源安全部分中介作用于信息安全管理其他要素。     

国际贸易与技术溢出:经验研究的最新进展

有关国际贸易与技术溢出的最新经验研究都是在Coe和Helpman(1995)计量模型(简称CH模型)的基础上展开的。CH模型的扩展涉及到:R&D溢出变量的不同设定形式;其它溢出渠道的引入;人力资本的具体作用。本文对国外关于进口贸易与技术溢出的经验研究的最新进展进行了综述,并揭示了进一步研究的方向。     

Technological Convergence in the IT Industry: The Role of Strategic Technology Alliances and Technological Competencies

For some time now, the convergence of the telecommunications and computer industries into a single 'information and entertainment' industry has been predicted. The acquisitions that appeared to be bringing such a convergence about have not, however, proved particularly successful. The paper suggests that one factor behind the relatively low degree of convergence may be inertia. Following evolutionary and ecological theory, the paper argues that both external and internal inertial forces reduce the ability of firms to deal with changes in their technological cores. The paper concludes that technological convergence, although apparent on the technological and product/market level, does not seem to have affected the 'core' competencies of major IT companies.     

Pricing Experience Goods in Information Good Markets: The Case of eBusiness Service Providers

We study the pricing strategies of firms providing a service in experience good markets with switching costs. Using data on vendors providing “hosting and related services” at an early stage of the market, we test for pricing distortions that follow from oligopolistic competition with quality uncertainty and switching costs. We find that firms with a brand name charge a premium for their product – leveraging the reputation accumulated in closely related markets. As the theoretical literature suggests, we also find that the type of pricing distortions along the product line depends on consumers’ expectations about quality. If consumers underestimate the quality of the product, firms behave as if they discount introductory contracts in order to build trust, and later on markup upgraded contract. In contrast, firms that offer a quality level that is lower than consumers’ expectations markup initial contracts while discounting upgraded ones.     

Firm capability and performance in China: The moderating role of guanxi and institutional forces in domestic and foreign contexts

This study examines the moderating effects of institutional forces on the capabilities–performance link by combining the resource-base view and institutional theory. From a survey of 324 Chinese manufacturers, this study tests the impacts of the importance of guanxi (an informal institutional factor) and legal support (a formal institutional factor) on the performance advantages of firm capabilities. The results indicate that both marketing and technology capabilities relate positively to performance, but the performance advantage of technology capabilities is less prominent when guanxi is important and the legal system is ineffective. In addition, guanxi importance strengthens the performance advantage of domestic firms' marketing capabilities but reduces that of foreign firms' marketing capabilities in China.     

论检验检疫科学技术

检验检疫作为一个以技术执法和把关为主要任务的工作体系,始终离不开强大的科技支撑。检验检疫科技是推动检验检疫工作产生、发展和进步的核心动力,是检验检疫事业健康发展的根本保障。本文以自然辩证法（科技哲学）为主要理论工具,尝试分别从当代检验检疫科学和技术的旨趣以及各自的结构剖析入手,分析检验检疫科学和技术二元结构的内在联系和实质,探索在当前国际经济贸易全球化和区域经济一体化不断深化的背景下,检验检疫科学和技术,尤其是检验检疫科学的定位、发展趋势和未来发展方向,对检验检疫科技发展如何围绕检验检疫部门履职把关、服务发展提出建议,同时对检验检疫科技如何向学科化、体系化方向发展提出建议思路。     

竞争效应对外资企业向国内企业技术外溢的刺激作用

本文通过建立理论模型的方式,采用静态均衡分析的方法,讨论了竞争效应对外商投资企业向国内企业技术外溢的刺激作用。通过分析,本文证明了当东道国劳动力工资受到内外资企业劳动力需求的影响,且国内经济有一个有效的研发部门时,那么外商投资企业生产技术的改进会通过竞争效应推动国内企业的技术进步,且东道国的整体国民收入亦会随着外商投资企业技术水平的上升而增加。     

跨国外包的承接对我国工业行业技术进步的影响——基于我国工业行业面板数据的实证分析

本文运用我国20个行业的面板数据就跨国外包对我国工业行业技术进步的影响进行了实证分析,发现跨国外包对我国工业技术进步的影响存在"门槛效应",跨国外包会阻碍未超过发展门槛行业的技术进步,会促进超过发展门槛的劳动密集型行业和资本密集型行业的技术进步,但跨国外包对我国资本密集型行业技术进步的促进作用要远大于对超过发展门槛的劳动密集型行业技术进步的促进作用。     

The Relevance of Organization Theory to the Field of Business and Information Systems Engineering

Information and communication systems (ICS) impact their organizational environment in significant ways; hence, the design, implementation, and use of ICS are inseparably linked to fundamental issues of organizational design and behavior. Current research in the field of business and information systems engineering (BISE), however, is primarily technology- or practice-oriented and concerned with the construction and validation of prototypes, whereas little attention is paid to theoretical insights into organizational phenomena and relationships. In this paper, we argue that paying more attention to organization theory would provide valuable guidance in addressing the close links between ICS on the one hand, and organizational systems on the other. To support our argument, we refer to selected theoretical perspectives and highlight their potential relevance to the BISE field.

Unraveling the Personalization Paradox: The Effect of Information Collection and Trust-Building Strategies on Online Advertisement Effectiveness

Retailers gather data about customers’ online behavior to develop personalized service offers. Greater personalization typically increases service relevance and customer adoption, but paradoxically, it also may increase customers’ sense of vulnerability and lower adoption rates. To demonstrate this contradiction, an exploratory field study on Facebook and secondary data about a personalized advertising campaign indicate sharp drops in click-through rates when customers realize their personal information has been collected without their consent. To investigate the personalization paradox, this study uses three experiments that confirm a firm's strategy for collecting information from social media websites is a crucial determinant of how customers react to online personalized advertising. When firms engage in overt information collection, participants exhibit greater click-through intentions in response to more personalized advertisements, in contrast with their reactions when firms collect information covertly. This effect reflects the feelings of vulnerability that consumers experience when firms undertake covert information collection strategies. Trust-building marketing strategies that transfer trust from another website or signal trust with informational cues can offset this negative effect. These studies help unravel the personalization paradox by explicating the role of information collection and its impact on vulnerability and click-through rates.     

FDI对国有工业企业技术外溢效应的实证研究——基于宏观数据的联立方程模型分析

本文首先回顾了国内外关于FDI技术外溢效应的研究成果,深入分析了技术外溢效应的作用机制。随后,为了反映时间趋势和解决内生性问题,本文建立联立方程计量模型,并采用跨年度的工业宏观数据,实证分析了FDI对我国国有工业企业的技术外溢效应。结果表明,FDI对国有企业存在显著的技术外溢效应,并且这种效应是通过竞争与示范效应,以及产业联系效应产生的。并且近年来,随着市场竞争的加剧,外资与国有企业的联系越加紧密,这种外溢效应也在不断加强。基于分析结果,本文最后从不同角度提出了如何获取更大技术外溢效应的对策建议。