曹红辉：通胀与增长应优先保增长

从国家统计局公布的数据来看，一季度GDP同比增长了10．6％，CPI同比上涨了8％，从这点来看，抑制通货膨胀成为现阶段保持经济平稳发展的重要任务，专家表示，要将治理通货膨胀和保持经济增长统一起来。但在当下的经济形势下，保增长应该是个优先的政策选择。     

财政政策对保增长控通胀大有可为

当前经济工作的重点是保增长、控通胀，而问题焦点在于财政政策如何发挥更大作用？如何针对经济发展的薄弱环节和突出问题实施“点调控”？近日，部分专家对于财政政策在促进经济稳定增长、优化结构和调节收入分配方面的实际功效，以及进一步加大投入、推进税改、完善补贴等方面都提出了建设性的意见与建议。     

寻求通胀与增长之间的平衡

今年以来，在整体经济继续保持平稳较快增长、基本面总体良好的同时，也出现了一些值得关注的问题，突出表现在两个方面：一是市场物价涨幅明显攀高，二是经济增速有所回落。在通货膨胀和经济增长放缓已成为全球面临的突出问题的新形势下，下阶段我国宏观调控政策如何选择，是以抑制通货膨胀为主，还是以防止经济增长可能出现的明显滑落为主，抑或两者兼顾？对此，我们作了如下分析。     

寻求通胀与增长之间的平衡

今年以来，在整体经济继续保持平稳较快增长、基本面总体良好的同时，也出现了一些值得关注的问题，突出表现在两个方面：一是市场物价涨幅明显攀高，二是经济增速有所回落。在通货膨胀和经济增长放缓已成为全球面临的突出问题的新形势下，下阶段我国宏观调控政策如何选择，是以抑制通货膨胀为主，还是以防止经济增长可能出现的明显滑落为主，抑或两者兼顾？对此，我们作了如下分析。     

中国成功控制经济增长出口及通胀有望得到减缓

【美国彭博新闻社6月10日】中国的出口增长可能已连续第3个月出现减缓，通货膨胀则从近12年来的最高点开始缓解，增加了中央银行会保持利率不变的可能性。     

高货币、低增长、低通胀之谜

货币供应量的高速增长，既没有刺激产出快速增长，亦没有导致通货膨胀。“高货币、低增长、低通胀”成为全球经济新现实。     

稳增长还能控通胀吗？

如果对经济增长与价格上涨之间的关系把握不当，就可能会由于判断失误而影响政策选择。面对国内外经济形势存在的较大不确定性，在处理经济增长与控制通胀关系时，需要保留一定的政策空间，选择适当的政策组合。     

亚洲转向：从防通胀到保增长

11月12日，中国国家主席胡锦涛在美国出席亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会并发表主旨演讲时指出，中国的发展是促进亚太地区和世界经济增长的重要力量，我们欢迎亚太工商界人士积极参与中国改革开放和现代化进程，共享中国经济发展带来的机遇和成果，共同创造亚太地区更加美好的未来。     

投资与通货膨胀、经济增长关系的实证研究——基于二元VAR模型的分析

采用1981-2012年的年度数据,对通货膨胀与经济增长之间的关系进行了实证分析,结果表明,二者之间不仅存在长期稳定的均衡关系,并且存在着双向的格兰杰因果关系。同时,通过引入投资增长率这一中间变量分析了通货膨胀与经济增长之间的传导机制,并根据实证分析,得到结论:经济增长会促进投资的增长,继而使得通货膨胀水平上升;而通货膨胀水平的提高会抑制投资增长,继而影响经济的增长。     

通货膨胀的门槛效应与中国经济增长

迄今为止,通货膨胀与经济增长之间关系仍然是一个争而未决的难题。文章通过建立一个旨在说明通货膨胀与经济增长之间关系的非线性面板门限回归模型,并以通货膨胀变化率作为门限变量以及利用我国1985-2011年的省际面板数据进行实证检验发现：通货膨胀变化率小于门限变量0.0800时,通货膨胀可以促进经济增长,当通货膨胀变化率位于门限变量0.520与0.0800之间时,通货膨胀对经济增长的正向拉动作用最为明显;然而当通货膨胀变化率高于较大的第二个门限值时,通货膨胀则与经济增长负相关。因此,文章认为控制通货膨胀的相对增长速度与其绝对水平同样重要。     

通货膨胀对经济增速放缓福利成本的影响研究

通货膨胀与经济增长都对社会福利有重要影响。通过扩展卢卡斯（1987）经济增速放缓的福利成本测算模型，将通货膨胀引入模型，进而探讨通货膨胀对经济增长放缓的福利成本影响。研究结果表明，通货膨胀通过影响代表性消费者的贴现行为而对增速放缓福利成本产生影响；经济增速放缓的福利成本随着通货膨胀的提高而降低；新时期经济增速放缓2个百分点导致的福利成本为5.38%。     

Public Debt,Economic Growth and Inflation in African Economies

We analyse the relationship between public debt, economic growth and inflation in a group of 52 African economies between 1950 and 2012. The results indicate that the limits of public debt are negatively related to economic growth and exhibit, from a given level of debt, an inverted U behaviour regarding the relationship between economic growth and public debt. Briefly, the high levels of public debt are coincident with reduced rates of economic growth and rising levels of inflation. Our results for three specific geographical areas resemble those of the overall analysis, despite some differences. In North African countries, the growth rates of the gross domestic product (GDP) and inflation also show an inverted U behaviour as the ratio of public debt/GDP increases. The highest rate of economic growth is recorded when the ratio of public debt/GDP is below 30% of GDP and corresponds to an average inflation rate of 5.33%. An identical behaviour of the GDP growth rates and inflation also appears in Sub‐Saharan countries until the third interval (60–90%). However, the highest growth rate of the GDP and GDP per capita is registered when the public debt/GDP ratio is in the second interval (30–60%). For the countries of the Southern Africa Development Community, the highest average rate of economic growth (6.8%) is similar to North African countries, when the ratio public debt/GDP is below 30% of GDP, with an average inflation rate of 11%. A number of robustness analyses were performed and the great majority of them confirm the general analysis.     

Non-linear Effects of Inflation on Economic Growth in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

This paper presents one of the first empirical studies that employ the regression kink model with an unknown threshold to estimate the turning point in the relationship between inflation and economic growth. To deal with the asymptotic non-normality of the regression function, we use a numerical delta bootstrap method and inference methods in the construction of confidence intervals for the regression function. Our estimated threshold suggests that, in the Democratic Republic of Congo, inflation rates lower than 17.2% would drive economic growth, but any inflation rate beyond that threshold will harm the growth. The Congolese policymakers should be aware of this threshold in the implementation of any inflation-targeting policy instruments or strategies.     

增长质量、阶段特征与经济转型的关联度

基于现阶段我国大力提倡循环经济、绿色经济增长模式背景,通过分解经济增长质量指数的结构,突破以往经济增长质量评价研究建立在传统经济增长模式下的不足,将循环经济、绿色经济思想引入经济增长质量评价研究中,构建经济增长质量指数结构与经济增长模式转型关系图以及能够反映新的经济增长模式的经济增长质量评价指标体系。以1995~2006年为例,测评经济增长质量总指数及其分指数,据此判断我国经济增长质量的状况及增长模式的进程,以期为我国经济增长模式转型研究提供一个实证分析框架。     

Dutch Households’ Perceptions of Economic Growth and Inflation

Summary This paper analysis the results of a survey on qualitative and quantitative perceptions and expectations of past, current and future macroeconomic developments among a representative household panel (DNB Household Survey). Perceptions of economic growth and inflation show a large dispersion. For the median respondents, however, the quantitative perceptions were found to be quite accurate. There is some evidence that the concept of economic growth is a more abstract notion for the general public than inflation. Those who have declared themselves more knowledgeable are also more actively involved in dealing with financial issues. The empirical evidence seems to corroborate that individuals with higher self-assessed knowledge levels are better informed indeed and have more accurate quantitative perceptions of economic growth and inflation. At the individual level there is a strong and robust correlation between expected growth and inflation for the next year and the perceptions of the current situation (rule of thumb behavior). But short-term expectations are also influenced by the views individuals hold on longer-term developments.The authors are grateful to seminar participants at DNB, and to Maria Demertzis, Martin Fase and Stefan Hochguertel for valuable comments. Views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect official positions of De Nederlandsche Bank.     

中国金融发展与经济增长关系的实证研究

文章对金融发展与经济增长之间的关系进行了实证检验,检验结果表明金融发展与经济增长之间存在显著的正向关系,金融发展促进了经济增长。这就需要对金融政策改革以更好的推动经济增长。     

Inflation and Inflation Expectations in South Africa: an Attempt at Explanation

This paper examines the relationship between inflation and inflation expectations in South Africa. We use inflation expectations derived from the quarterly surveys conducted by the Bureau of Economic Research from 2001Q1 to 2011Q4 . Using these data, we estimate the model assuming that private sector expectations are a linear function of the inflation target and lagged inflation. The results indicate that economic agents' expectations largely depend on lagged inflation. This suggests that the South African Reserve Bank (SARB) has not been successful in anchoring expectations of the private sector since the adoption of the inflation targeting (IT) regime in 2000. We also find evidence indicating that the SARB's implicit inflation target lies above the upper bound of the official IT band. Finally, it appears that the SARB has been more concerned about output stabilisation than inflation stabilisation.