中国对其他金砖国家直接投资联动效应分析北大核心CSSCISSCI

在金砖国家合作机制背景下,通过分析中国对其他金砖国家直接投资(OFDI)联动效应传导机制,实证研究中国对其他金砖国家已有的OFDI的经济效应。结果表明,中国目前对其他金砖国家直接投资总量还比较有限,但近些年增长速度较快,存在比较大的深度合作空间。实证结果显示:中国的OFDI对各个金砖国家均存在正向联动效应,按大小排序依次是俄罗斯、巴西、印度和南非。其中,对俄罗斯经济产生的联动效应最大,对南非经济产生的联动效应最小。     

“金砖之国”系列报道（4） 南非：非洲之星的改革压力

2010年12月23日,＂金砖四国＂的轮值主席国中国,与其他三位成员国——印度、俄罗斯、巴西商定,吸收南非作为正式成员加入该合作机制。＂Brick（金砖四国）＂变成＂Bricks（金砖国家）＂,＂金砖＂所覆盖的地理范围也从欧洲、亚洲、南美扩大到非洲。     

“金砖之国”系列报道(4) 南非:非洲之星的改革压力

2010年12月23日,"金砖四国"的轮值主席国中国,与其他三位成员国——印度、俄罗斯、巴西商定,吸收南非作为正式成员加入该合作机制。"Brick(金砖四国)"变成"Bricks(金砖国家)","金砖"所覆盖的地理范围也从欧洲、亚洲、南美扩大到非洲。     

中国与金砖国家的经贸关系

从地理位置上讲,金砖国家中,俄罗斯和印度是中国的邻国,巴西和南非都是与中国相隔万里之遥的伙伴。从贸易关系上讲,在所有邻国中,俄罗斯和印度是和中国贸易关系最疏远的大国之一。中国和金砖国家贸易的发展2011年,中国与韩国的贸易规模是2445.98亿美元,几乎是与印度和俄罗斯贸易规模的将近两倍,和中国与金砖国家贸易的规模相当。造成这种状况的主要原因     

提出从四方面加强金砖国家伙伴关系

7月9日,金砖国家领导人第七次会晤在俄罗斯乌法举行.中国国家主席习近平、俄罗斯总统普京、巴西总统罗塞夫、印度总理莫迪、南非总统祖马出席.5国领导人围绕“金砖国家伙伴关系”主题,就当前国际形势和金砖国家合作交换看法,达成广泛共识,取得丰硕成果.     

“金砖国家”网络通信服务及数字产品交易市场发展现状

当前存在并广泛使用的计算机网络体系是数字产品交易兴起和发展的重要基础,反过来数字产品交易市场也成为促进计算机网络基础设施和通信服务水平发展的催化剂。在这种背景下,随着“金砖国家”网络覆盖率和通信服务水平的提高,网络用户对数字产品的需求日益增加。本文通过对“金砖国家”互联网基础设施和网络通信服务发展水平的分析发现,中国、俄罗斯和巴西已经形成相对完整、符合当前发展需要的网络服务体系,而印度和南非还处于后发阶段。通过对“金砖国家”数字产品交易市场发展现状的分析可以看出,中国在各类数字产品的生产和销售方面具有绝对优势,俄罗斯和巴西处于快速发展阶段,甚至在个别领域超过中国,而印度和南非的数字产品交易市场则处于萌芽阶段。     

习近平出席金砖国家领导人第六次会晤

金砖国家领导人第六次会晤当地时间15日上午在巴西福塔莱萨开始举行。中国国家主席习近平和巴西、俄罗斯、印度、南非领导人出席会晤。金砖国家领导人会晤已连续举行五届,今年是金砖国家领导人第二轮会晤的首场。这次会晤的主题为“实现包容性增长的可持续解决方案”,会晤由巴西总统罗塞夫主持。     

全球速读

南非正式加入“金砖国家”合作机制 据新华社12月24日报道,中国外长杨洁篪在23日与南非国际关系与合作部长马沙巴内通话中表示,中国作为“金砖国家”合作机制轮值主席国,与俄罗斯、印度、巴西一致商定,吸收南非作为正式成员加入该合作机制。杨洁篪说,胡锦涛主席将就此致函南非总统祖马,并邀请他出席“金砖国家”领导人第三次正式会晤。     

金砖五国峰会三亚举行 三大亮点引人关注

4月14日,金砖国家领导人第三次会晤在海南省三亚市举行,会晤由中国国家主席胡锦涛主持,巴西、俄罗斯、印度、南非领导人应邀与会,南非领导人作为新成员首次参加会晤。作为世界上主要发展中国家和新兴经济体,金砖国家在这次峰会上发出的信号,有三点值得关注。     

金砖五国峰会三亚举行 三大亮点引人关注

4月14日,金砖国家领导人第三次会晤在海南省三亚市举行,会晤由中国国家主席胡锦涛主持,巴西、俄罗斯、印度、南非领导人应邀与会,南非领导人作为新成员首次参加会晤。作为世界上主要发展中国家和新兴经济体,金砖国家在这次峰会上发出的信号,有三点值得关注。     

Flying with the Dragon: Estimating Developing Countries’ Gains from China's Imports

As a large trading nation, China competes with importing countries’ domestic and third‐country markets but also creates growth opportunities for exporters. Most studies on China trade shocks or “China shocks” focuse on the impacts of import competition on developed economies. The present paper complements research on China shocks by exploring the other side of the trade exposure to China – China as the largest importer, rather than as an exporter. We analyze the effects of export expansion into China on the local labor markets of the exporting developing countries for the years 1992 to 2018. Using detailed export and employment data, we estimate employment pattern variations in manufacturing industries with exports from other developing countries as instruments for export exposure. We find that the increase in trade exposure to China in the world economy has caused extensive job gains in manufacturing industries in developing countries that were exporters. On average, our estimations show that this trade exposure created approximately 1.5 million additional jobs from 1992 to 2018, which made an important contribution to manufacturing industries in developing countries. Our empirical analysis also shows that trade had stabilizing effects on employment in the countries in our sample generally.     

外商直接投资对我国产业结构影响的实证分析——基于面板数据模型的研究

本文运用面板数据模型对1984-2003年间我国合同利用外资额和三次产业工业增加值之间的关系进行研究,发现外商直接投资对三次产业工业增加值的提高都具有正效应.再通过Cllow突变检验,发现1992年前后外商直接投资对第一、三产业工业增加值提高的影响显著不同,对第二产业工业增加值提高的影响则相同.通过进一步分析,本文又发现我国外商直接投资的产业结构分布严重偏斜加重了我国产业结构的偏斜.因此,我们提出我国应该积极利用外资政策,加大外商投资的领域,加快我国产业结构的优化升级.     

Post-crisis China impact on trade integration and manufacturing competitiveness between Argentina and Brazil

Considering the short-term and long-term global financial crisis effects on industrial and trade policies implemented in China, Argentina, and Brazil, this article empirically analyzes China’s impact on trade integration and manufacturing competitiveness between Argentina and Brazil during the post-crisis period. Under a trilateral trade framework, this paper conducts both standard and modified Constant Market Share analyses, using trade data disaggregated at HS 6-digit level between the 2009–2014 period provided by BACI database. The quantitative estimation of relative gains and losses of Argentina and Brazil facing China’s evolving import demand and export supply provides evidence for three main findings. First, it shows the persistence of China’s asymmetric trade pattern with Argentina and Brazil, but a decline in China’s weight in explaining the decreasing bilateral trade intensity between Argentina and Brazil; second, the divergent export performance between Argentina and Brazil to China, mainly attributed to the competitiveness shift in the soybean sector; and finally the enlargement of a competitiveness gap between Mercosur countries and China in the upstream of manufacturing supply chain.     

Antidumping jumping: Reciprocal antidumping and industrial location

Antidumping Jumping: Reciprocal Antidumping and Industrial Location. — Antidumping policies are often justified as legitimate actions by governments in their efforts to protect domestic producers from unfair foreign competition. The authors investigate the impact of antidumping rules on firms’ production decisions as to how much and where to produce. Antidumping measures may have unforeseen effects if they induce direct foreign investment and consequently increase domestic competition. The authors therefore focus on location choice and consider the strategies of national governments attempting to advance the interests of their citizens through antidumping legislation. The analysis also has implications for the effects of market integration policies, such as Europe 1992.     

中印两国利用外国直接投资比较——基于美国直接投资流入的视角

本文从美国直接投资流入中印两国的现状、对中印两国的影响及影响美国直接投资流入的因素等三方面,对中印两国利用外国直接投资进行了比较研究。     

FDI对我国电子信息产品制造业市场结构的影响分析

本文利用1992～2008年电子信息产品制造行业的数据,详细分析了外商直接投资对我国电子信息产品制造业的影响。研究结果表明:外商直接投资改善了电子信息产品制造业的市场集中度,产生了积极的技术溢出效应。外商直接投资对电子信息产业的负面影响就是提高了产业的进入壁垒,缩小了相关企业未来的发展空间。     

基于企业层面的中国服务外包业竞争力分析

目前中国正力争成为全球ITO和BPO市场的主要竞争者之一。从企业层面看,服务外包竞争力不仅体现在传统的成本优势上,还需要从竞争性成本、客户互动技能、地理吸引力、广博的行业知识以及经营观念等方面与做得较早和较好的印度、新加坡、菲律宾、巴西等国进行比较和分析,从而提高中国外包企业的国际竞争能力。     

Foreign direct investment,fiscal decentralization and land conflicts in China

Land disputes have been an important risk to social stability in China since the turn of the century. This paper uses provincial data on illegal land uses during the period 1999–2010 as a proxy for the intensity of land conflicts to investigate the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) and fiscal decentralization on jurisdictional land conflicts. The results show that the FDI growth rate has a positive and significant impact on the growth rate of illegal land use when there is a high degree of fiscal decentralization. We thus provide evidence supporting the hypothesis that regional competition for FDI, as shaped by fiscal decentralization, tends to raise conflicts over land in China.     

Does China Transfer Productivity Enhancing Technology to Sub‐Saharan Africa? Evidence from Manufacturing Firms*

Abstract: This paper considers whether trade between China and sub‐Saharan Africa results in productivity‐enhancing technology transfers to sub‐Saharan African manufacturing firms. As trade flows between countries potentially results in interactions that lead to technological improvements in the production of goods and services, we parameterize the level of total factor productivity for African manufacturing firms as a function of foreign direct investment flow, and for the country in which it operates, trade openness with China, and its interaction with foreign direct investment. With micro‐level data on manufacturing firms in five sub‐Saharan African countries, we estimate the parameters of firm‐level production functions between 1992 and 2004. Our parameter estimates reveal that across the firms and countries in our sample, there is no relationship between productivity‐enhancing foreign direct investment and trade with China. In addition, increasing trade openness with China has no effect on the growth rate of total factor productivity. To the extent that total factor productivity and its growth is a crucial determinant of economic growth and living standards in the long run, our results suggest that increasing trade openness with China is not a long‐run source of higher living standards for sub‐Saharan Africa.     

中俄转型时期经济波动差异及其原因分析

通过转型解决资源配置的效率问题从而实现经济的持续稳定增长是中俄两国推动市场化经济转型的基本诉求。对转型过程中的经济增长波动及其原因进行分析有助于我们加深对经济转型的理解。本文运用H-P滤波法对1992～2010年中俄两国的经济波动进行定义,并分离出3个显著的波动差异时段,进而对产生这种差异的原因进行了分析。结论认为,俄罗斯更大的经济波动和中国相对平稳的增长态势源于两国吸收和延缓外部冲击能力的差异,更深层次的原因要在两国的经济结构和市场制度结构中寻找。