套期保值对企业价值和上市公司股票市值的影响

随着全球资本市场的发展，我国企业越来越受到国际经济金融环境的影响。国内企业面临的原材料和产品双重的价格波动风险大幅增加．越来越多的企业使用商品期货套保避险，为企业稳定经营保驾护航。企业究竞是否应该参与期货套期保值，如何客观公正的看待套期保值，使用衍生产品进行风险管理是否能够提升企业的价值也成了企业日益关注的焦点。以下本人从财务决策角度说明合理的套期保值能够显著提升企业的价值，提高与稳定上市公司的股价。国内企业应该从提高股东价值的角度出发，重视套期保值的作用，不要因短期的套期保值亏损而质疑或放弃价格风险管理策略。     

套保信披瑕疵的破局方案

<正>“随着大宗商品价格波动加剧,企业的风险管理意识和风险管理需求日益增长,越来越多的企业开始利用期货市场开展套期保值以管理自身生产经营中面临的市场价格波动风险。据不完全统计,2021年含有“套期保值”内容的公告已突破1000份。随着企业参与套期保值的规模不断扩大,部分上市公司因披露“期货套保巨额亏损”被推上了舆论的风口浪尖,受到投资者和监管部门的质疑,甚至引发股价大幅度波动。其中,固然有将投机当套保行为的存在,但更多的则是部分上市公司对套期保值业务的会计处理和信息披露存在瑕疵,造成了市场对“期货套保巨亏”的误读。”     

套期保值对企业价值及经营风险的影响研究

本文选择A股农产品加工及石油石化两个子行业的公司作为样本,采用随机效应模型进行检验,从企业价值、经营风险角度考量了企业套期保值的效应。结果表明,套保行为会对企业价值造成负面影响,但会使得企业经营现金流、股价表现都更加稳定。同时,过去经营稳定的企业更有资金和实力参与套期保值;此外,对不同行业的不同主体,套期保值行为存在一定差异。因此建议投资者及企业管理层,要在套期保值可行性分析上多做研究。     

公司内部治理与公司价值——来自制造业上市公司的经验数据

通过筛选并构建上市公司内部治理水平的评价指标体系,将其作为解释变量;以反映公司价值的指标作为被解释变量,运用典型相关分析的方法对上市公司内部治理与市场价值的关系进行实证研究,结果表明,公司治理与公司价值之间呈显著相关关系。管理费用率、股权集中度和董事会规模是影响公司价值的主要因素。要提升企业价值。企业必须合理规划股权结构,控制消费开支。而适当扩大董事会规模也可以提升公司的价值。     

动力煤套期保值——企业风险防范的有效工具

煤电企业的稳定发展伴随着市场风险和价格风险。开展套期保值和风险管理,是其构建核心竞争力的重要途径和手段之一。本文从动力煤套期保值的概念、原理及意义、现货与期货的相关性分析、风险因素等方面分析论证煤电企业做好套期保值的目的策略,同时要制定严格的风险管控制度和相应与之配套的内部控制流程而且一定要有专业化的套保人员,对于做套保的资金也要提前安排,评估相应套保的绩效时不能分离考核,要把期货盈亏和现货盈亏进行合并计算,以达到规避价格波动,平滑财务指标的目的,进而破解煤电企业的经营困境。     

股指期货与股票市场的关系探讨

2010年,股指期货的推出对股票市场的影响是巨大的,探讨股指期货与股票市场的关系具有十分重要的意义。本文首先从四个方面探讨了股指期货与股票市场的关系,它们分别是:减少股市的波动,有助于大盘稳定;活跃股票市场,提升大盘股重要性;股指期货的推出有利于保持股票市场的稳定;股指期货对股票市场的消极影响,接着,提出了减小股指期货对股票市场的消极影响的对策措施。     

股指期货与股票市场的关系探讨

2010年,股指期货的推出对股票市场的影响是巨大的,探讨股指期货与股票市场的关系具有十分重要的意义.本文首先从四个方面探讨了股指期货与股票市场的关系,它们分别是:减少股市的波动.有助于大盘稳定;活跃股票市场.提升大盘股重要性:股指期货的推出有利于保持股票市场的稳定;股指期货对股票市场的消极影响,接着,提出了减小股指期货...     

天然橡胶供应链风险管理研究

近期天然橡胶(简单天胶)价格波动剧烈,天胶供应链上下游企业面临生产和采购的巨大风险和不确定性。本文分析了天胶的供应链及其风险因素,并提出通过保险、期货套保、供应链整合等手段应对天胶供应链上的风险,减缓天胶供应链的波动,实现天胶供应链长久稳定的发展。     

钢材期货在施工企业的应用

本文介绍了钢材期货的功能及钢材期货交易的六大风险制度.举例说明了施工企业利用钢材期货的套保功能锁定成本的可行性.对施工企业运用金融衍生品做出了有益的探讨.     

沪深300股指期货套期保值比率实证研究——风险最小化下

股指期货作为新兴金融衍生产品,近两年在中国发展迅速。股指期货虽然可以在一定程度上规避标的产品的风险,但投资者往往无法实现完全的套保,因为现实中的套期保值受到许多因素的影响。利用OLS、ECM模型对沪深300股指期货的最优套期保值率进行了研究,对其最优套期保值比率进行实证测算和绩效分析。     

Production and hedging under state‐dependent preferences

This study examines the behavior of the competitive firm under output price uncertainty and state‐dependent preferences. When there is a futures market for hedging purposes, the firm's optimal production decision is independent of the output price uncertainty and of the state‐dependent preferences. If the futures contracts are unbiased, the firm's optimal futures position is an over‐hedge or an under‐hedge, depending on whether the firm is correlation averse or correlation loving, and on whether the output price is positively or negatively expectation dependent on the state variable. When the firm has access not only to the unbiased futures but also to fairly priced options, sufficient conditions are derived under which the firm's optimal hedge position includes both hedging instruments. This study thus establishes a hedging role of options, which is over and above that of futures, in the case of state‐dependent preferences. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 32:945–963, 2012     

Production and hedging under Knightian uncertainty

This article introduces Knightian uncertainty into the production and futures hedging framework. The firm has imprecise information about the probability density function of spot or futures prices in the future. Decision‐making under such scenario follows the “max‐min” principle. It is shown that inertia in hedging behavior prevails under Knightian uncertainty. In a forward market, there is a region for the current forward price within which full hedge is the optimal hedging policy. This result may help explain why the one‐to‐one hedge ratio is commonly observed. Also inertia increases as the ambiguity with the probability density function increases. When hedging on futures markets with basis risk, inertia is established at the regression hedge ratio. Moreover, if only the futures price is subject to Knightian uncertainty, the utility function has no bearing on the possibility of inertia. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 20: 397–404, 2000     

Hedging under counterparty credit uncertainty

This study investigates optimal production and hedging decisions for firms facing price risk that can be hedged with vulnerable contracts, i.e., exposed to nonhedgeable endogenous counterparty credit risk. When vulnerable forward contracts are the only hedging instruments available, the firm's optimal level of production is lower than without credit risk. Under plausible conditions on the stochastic dependence between the commodity price and the counterparty's assets, the firm does not sell its entire production on the vulnerable forward market. When options on forward contracts are also available, the optimal hedging strategy requires a long put position. This provides a new rationale for the hedging role of options in the over‐the‐counter markets exposed to counterparty credit risk. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 28: 248–263, 2008     

Liquidity risk and the hedging role of options

This study examines the impact of liquidity risk on the behavior of the competitive firm under price uncertainty in a dynamic two‐period setting. The firm has access to unbiased one‐period futures and option contracts in each period for hedging purposes. A liquidity constraint is imposed on the firm such that the firm is forced to terminate its risk management program in the second period whenever the net loss due to its first‐period hedge position exceeds a predetermined threshold level. The imposition of the liquidity constraint on the firm is shown to create perverse incentives to output. Furthermore, the liquidity constrained firm is shown to purchase optimally the unbiased option contracts in the first period if its utility function is quadratic or prudent. This study thus offers a rationale for the hedging role of options when liquidity risk prevails. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 26:789–808, 2006     

Futures market hedging efficiency in a new futures exchange: Effects of trade partner diversification

This paper uses transaction data to examine hedging efficiency in a new futures exchange; the Fish Pool salmon futures exchange in Norway. The paper utilizes data on firm-level exporter/importer transaction prices to quantify firm-level futures hedging efficiency. This allows us to address heterogeneity in hedging efficiency and basis risk at the firm level. The main result of this paper shows that larger firms with greater trade partner diversification have lower basis risk. Such firms align their internal transaction price closer to the common spot price in the market, which encourages greater futures market participation. Results are discussed in light of recent declines in participation in the salmon futures exchange.     

我国燃油期货市场成交量和持仓量对价格波动的影响研究

研究燃油期货市场成交量、持仓量对价格波动的影响,有利于降低燃油期货市场风险。建立EGARCH-t模型,分别考察成交量、持仓量以及同进考察成交量与持仓量对我国燃油期货价格波动的影响。研究结果显示：在分别考察成交量和持仓量时,当期成交量对价格波动方差具有比较明显的影响,滞后成交量与持仓量对价格波动方差都没有很显著的影响。在同时考察成交量和持仓量对价格波动方差的影响时,有A〈B（若当日成交量和持仓量同时增加,则令当日价格波动幅度大小为A;若当日成交量减少（或不变）,则令当日价格波动幅度大小为B）成立。同时,燃油期货市场的滞后成交量和持仓量对价格波动方差的影响不明显,说明我国燃油期货市场运行效率较好。     

Signaling Sustainability Leadership: Empirical Evidence of the Value of DJSI Membership

We explore the relationship between corporate sustainability, reputation, and firm value by asking whether signaling sustainability leadership through membership on a recognized sustainability index is value generating. Increasingly, stakeholders are demanding that firms demonstrate their commitment to sustainability. One signal that companies can send to stakeholders to indicate that they are sustainability leaders is membership on a recognized “best in class” sustainability index. This article explores both the short-term and the intermediary impact on North American firms of being included or removed from the Dow Jones Sustainability World Index (DJSI). Our results provide evidence that being added to the DJSI results in a sustained increase in a firm’s share price, suggesting that the benefits of being included on the DJSI outweigh the costs associated with applying. This article also notes a temporary decrease in the value of firms for the first 10 days after their removal from the DJSI; however, this effect is eliminated within the next ten trading days.     

Does corporate hedging affect firm valuation? Evidence from the IPO market

Focusing on the IPO market, we examine the influence of corporate hedging on firm valuation. Consistent with the argument that hedging reduces information asymmetry, we find that hedging IPO firms are associated with lower price revisions and underwriting fees. More important, hedging reduces IPO underpricing, especially for informationally opaque firms. This provides strong evidence that corporate hedging increases firm valuation. We also show that corporate hedging lowers aftermarket idiosyncratic volatility, enhances aftermarket liquidity, and improves the long-term performance of IPO firms. We use both an instrumental variable approach and a regulation change on derivatives supply to address endogeneity concerns.     

钢材期货套期保值实证分析

期货价格与现货价格的走势具有趋同性与趋合性的特征,使期货套期保值交易能够对冲现货市场价格波动风险,钢材套期保值者可根据钢材价格的基差变化进行相应的买入或卖出交易,以锁定成本甚至获利.但在实际操作中,套期保值者还必须考虑运输、吊装等费用以及不同市场的价格贴水情况,确定一种合理基差.同时,本文认为决定套期保值效果的唯一因素是套期保值开始和套期保值结束时的基差变化,选择最理想的基差时机进行套期保值,能够实现预期的套期保值效果.