Towards new tourism policies: The importance of environmental and sociocultural factors

Unrestricted tourism growth could lead to the positive economic effects of tourism being outweighed by significant social and environmental disadvantages, which could in turn translate the economic benefits into disadvantages. This process derives not only from tourism effects per se, but also from changes in the social structure. This article calls for not merely economic and technical adjustments in policies, but for a fundamental political transformation in the conception of tourism and recreation.     

旅游规划产品设计\"双筛法\"研究

文章介绍了一种关于旅游产品设计的新方法－“双筛法”,其致力于协调旅游规划研究过程中,旅游规划专家、旅游开发者、旅游客源市场（旅游消费者）和旅游开发地居民之间的关系,包括旅游资源普查及其市场评价和旅游开发条件的详细调查与市场评价、旅游产品的专家创意、开发者与开发地区居民对于旅游产品创意的接受意向水平调查、在旅游产品修正与补充基础上的旅游市场的认可意向调查、旅游产品的最后确定五大步骤,具有客观性、易接受性、针对性三大特点。     

Tourism development trends in England and experiences of recent projects

This paper considers the development prospects for tourism in England during the 1980s and beyond, and reviews a number of existing English Tourist Board (ETB) assisted projects and the ETB role in stimulating tourism in and to the UK.     

Managing the environmental and cultural impacts of tourism and leisure development

It is claimed that the state of development of tourism management as a discipline may be related to the claims of the tourist industry as a pressure group and the lack of adequate academic attention to the economic disbenefits and the environmental and sociocultural costs-benefits of tourism. This article sets out to redress the balance by proposing a social-theory base for tourism.     

关于旅游规划若干认识的探讨

本文从旅游经济学的角度论述了在市场经济条件下如何制订好旅游规划的一些新认识,并进一步探讨了旅游规划的核心问题,即旅游产品的差异化竞争,从而提出旅游规划必须走出单一学科专业独揽的局面,形成一个多学科综合的系统工程的观点.文中还就旅游规划的内涵和可操作性作了分析,强调与经济效益相结合是制订一切旅游规划的根本出发点.文中对制订旅游规划与具体策划时的各种要素和步骤进行了细化和阐释,指出旅游规划必然超前于实践、高于实践,但最终又必须接受实践的检验.     

Assessing the appropriateness of movies as vehicles for promoting tourist destinations

The risky decision about which movies to use as promotional vehicles must be made without assistance from either readily available data held by the industry or systematic criteria published by academia. To deal with such limitations, this study identifies which movie genres are most interesting (uninteresting) for the visitors of different types of holiday destinations—namely, beaches, cities, theme/amusement parks, spa/health resorts, mountains/lakes, cruise liners, and rural areas. Based on the results, specific guidelines are proposed to evaluate movie projects more systematically, so that destination promoters can choose (reject) those films with appropriate (inappropriate) genres for the target tourists.     

Tourism: the measurement of economic and social impact

This paper identifies the need to consider the impact of tourism as an economic and social activity in any broad assessment of the impacts of tourism developments. A number of factors must be accounted for in measuring such impacts, which derive from the nature of the tourism activity, eg tourism is a dynamic agent of change, it is an amalgam of a number of industrial activities, it occurs within distinctive contexts etc. The question therefore centres on the methodology employed to measure the distribution of the costs and benefits of tourism.     

旅游规划需要新理念--旅游规划三议

为了适应我国旅游业的发展，为了我国旅游规划工作能够沿着科学化、法制化、规范化的轨道前进，旅游规划的编制迫切需要理念的创新。本文从“新理念是发展的需要”、“进步带来的挑战”、“旅游概念是旅游规划的核心”三个层面，以层层推进的方式，着重阐述了应对挑战寻求突破的学术基础，并进而阐释了作者本人有关“概念性旅游规划”的创新性理论。     

对旅游规划中统计分析的一些看法

目前我国的旅游规划越来越重视统计分析,这是非常可喜的。但在进行统计分析时,由于资料不全和不正确使用统计方法,往往结果不理想;再加上地方上盲目希望旅游业早日成为当地经济的支柱产业,统计数据成了任人打扮的小姑娘;而貌似科学的统计手段的使用更使之具有了一定的欺骗性。在旅游规划中应科学地运用统计方法。规划的核心是建立在科学分析基础上(包括统计分析)的创意,这才是规划的核心。     

Trends in business tourism management

There has been significant growth in the business travel sector of tourism, which includes both individual travel and organized group arrangements, eg for conferences, conventions and exhibitions. This article considers the various types of business travel, the influences on demand, and trends in development of facilities.     

Tourism in protected areas: The case of Poland

The interrelationship between tourism and the protection of the environment plays a large part in Polish tourism and policy-making and is reflected in the extensive legislation aimed at the protection of natural resource attractions. In June 1983 a ‘Spatial System of Protected Areas’ was adopted by the General Committee for Tourism. This identified with three concomitant tourism strategies, three different regions for environmental protection: national parks and nature reserves, landscape parks and protected landscape areas.     

休闲与旅游的辩证关系及其社会功能试析

从1995年"十一"开始的黄金周旅游"井喷",到"七年之痒"的今年,人们终于能够比较全面地认识旅游业对中国经济社会的意义;而对于正在中国大地初起的休闲,当前人们的讨论却仍然是众说纷纭.本文的研究,试图在当前我国社会经济的背景下,从休闲活动与产业的兴起、从研究的回顾、从当前"旅游"与"休闲"的交叉研究等几个方面辨析二者的同异,并继而在阐述其社会功能的基础上,试探借助国家统计局有关我国旅游统计的资料等,估算中国国内休闲产业日益增强的经济推力.     

德语国家休闲与旅游地理研究的回顾与进展

德语国家的旅游地理学研究发端于汉斯·波塞尔(Hans Poser)1939年对利森山区(Riesengebirge)旅游景区的分析研究.他将景观看作旅游的背景,认为地理学研究旅游要从分析景观和度假之间的关系入手.二战后形成的以休闲行为研究为主的慕尼黑学派,更重视游客及其休闲行为.目前的旅游地理学研究主要以应用为主,如可持续旅游发展、空间承载力以及社会变迁对旅游供求市场的影响等.另一个趋势是地理多元空间(如物理空间、行为空间、虚拟空间等)对休闲和旅游的影响研究.另外,休闲旅游发展的整体性研究方法又重新复活.     

Grant-aided tourism projects and employment creation—experiences of the english tourist board

Employment creation is an important consideration in grant-aiding tourism projects. Drawing on the results of 140 tourism projects that were given English Tourist Board support, this article evaluates their performance by comparing promised employment to jobs actually created and analyses the forecasting errors.     

Cycles and capacity: Incipient theory or conceptual contradiction?

The concept of tourism cycles is one that has evolved from within the discipline of tourism research, whereas that of carrying capacity has been well developed in other fields and then come to be applied within tourism studies. This article describes and evaluates these two concepts and examines underlying assumptions of them which may be in conflict and may make it difficult to reconcile the two in tourism research.     

旅游规划整合--对\"大旅游\"内涵的再认识

随着旅游活动的不断普及和深入发展,旅游规划实践在我国各地蓬勃兴起,旅游规划的思想、内容与方法也在不断发展完善。本文简要回顾了国内外旅游规划的发展,并对系统科学理论、可持续发展思想等对旅游规划的影响进行了评析,认为在我国很多地区都亟待发展的情况下,旅游规划必须重视旅游地的社会经济要素．让旅游规划可以在当地发挥实际作用,通过“大旅游”开发切实增强旅游开发地的自我发展能力。文章在前人研究的基础上,对“大旅游”的内涵进行了更为明确的阐述,将其概括为大资源、大产业带、大产业链、大市场、大系统等几个方面,并就其中的产业整合和空间整合进行了重点阐述,分析了深入研究与发展“大旅游”的重要意义。     

旅游规划三元论--中国现代旅游规划的定向·定性·定位·定型

以创立中国现代旅游规划学科领域为议题,提出旅游规划三元论,从实践导向、观念形成、专业组成、人才教育等方面,论证旅游规划领域的定向、定性、定位、定型,以及旅游规划学科领域的转变与对策.