大美昌都 藏东游记（三） 曲孜卡温泉夜

曲孜卡的温泉包治百病．传说中“包治百病的抻泉”是一口,这通常有点吹嘘的成分,而曲孜卡有上百口温泉．每一口温泉针对某一领域都有非常独特的疗效。泡在曲孜卡温泉里,听老人说茶马古道的往事。看看澜沧江,看看雪山。一直看到夜晚的漫天繁星与“天上的街市”。若是看饿了,扔个鸡蛋,扔几串青菜,煮来吃……     

德仲温泉：泡在一季暖阳里

墨竹工卡县县城东北方向约73公里处的门巴乡德仲村境内,有一个“藏在深山人未识”的温泉——德伸温泉。这座温泉距今已有1400多年历史,被众多专家称为“世界第一热泉”。冬天的假日里,当我与好友一同来到此地,我才恍然大悟。德仲温泉就像冬天里的小太阳。恍惚间,我似乎找到了梦寐以求的过冬圣地,温暖、闲散、安逸。     

黎明前的夜色

正2016年10月18日一早,江西省玉山县四股桥村,天下着小雨,没有一点要停的意思,路上人烟稀少,黎明前的夜色依然很浓重。年近八旬的许老先生眼看着天迟迟不亮,可卖菜的功夫不能耽误,就起床撑着一把伞出了门,谁知刚在马路上走了不久就被一辆电动三轮车撞倒,肇事车眼见老人被撞得不轻,竟然调转车头迅速逃离了现场。老人被送往医院紧急抢救,可经过一天的救治仍然撒手西去。玉山县交警大队立即投入到案件的侦破工作     

城事在夜色中流传

康定的夜晚总是在风声中到来,白天黑夜交汇的一刹那小城陷入了一种不确定的凝滞状态,一切都静止了,寂寂无声。直到街灯都亮起来,许多被拉长的身影从黑暗走出来,沿街的店铺又重新热闹起来,酒吧里传来了喧闹的音乐。 夜晚的康定城有着天然的华美气质,谜一样,无法捕捉,又令人深陷其中。     

徜徉在午后的中嘎草原

午后,太阳峥峥地照着广阔的中嘎草原,明晃晃的绿色蔓延着晕满了我的视线,牧民们黑色的帐篷零星地点缀其间,赤脚的孩子们三三两两奔跑嬉戏在湿润的草地上,这是2003年初秋我在西藏的日子,天蓝风清。我和它它跟随丹增大叔和他的夫人一起来到康马乡中嘎村的草原上,探望他们在牧区放牧的的侄子们。     

夜色下的筑路人

夜色降临,他们的一天就此展开：用长满老茧的双手紧握锤柄,不断敲打;用黝黑的臂膀稳住钢钎,不停开凿;在塔吊的驾驶室里屏息凝视,精确操控……他们是青（岛）龙（口）高速公路青岛段的筑路工人,他们也是初夏夜里最美的风景。     

夜色下的温暖

“见义勇为的三位出租车驾驶人,你们在哪里？请接受武汉三千交警最崇高的敬礼!当酒驾肇事驾驶人将年轻交警拖行2公里时,是你们挺身而出,将肇事车团团围住,及时挽救了交警的生命!”     

龙神徜徉的地方

水的存在形式众多。涓涓成溪,浩浩为海。水可以妩媚也可以恣肆。但是一旦水形成了湖泊,它便进入一种几乎完美的状态。这时候的水,温柔却又不做作小气．坦荡而又不缺乏节制。我们只能说。湖,是水中的君子。     

温泉蛇：HOT SPRING SNAKE暖世界里的冷血生命

青藏高原严酷的地表运动随处可见,最为显著的特征是遍布域内的滚热温泉。在这个距离天空最近的地域,温泉们翻腾着泡沫,喷吐着热腾腾的亚硫酸气体。对人来说．泡温泉是大自然赐予的神奇享受。而人以外的其它生命,则视充斥了亚硫酸气体的温泉世界为险恶地。但有一种动物,将青藏高原的温泉世界看成了生活乐地。这种动物就是温泉蛇。     

阿姆斯特丹,运河上的浪漫之港

阿姆斯特丹,中世纪的一座美丽水城。在阿姆斯特丹,165条运河如温润的手臂般环绕,便有了俯拾可得的运河美景,而跨于运河上的1292座大桥,魅力更是历久弥新。在这里,似乎连空气中都氤氲着浪漫因子,因而更为这个城市大增其色。阿姆斯特丹虽不比威尼斯有“水都”的桂冠加身,却自有掩不住的绝代风华。     

北京大兴国际机场轨道交通专线延时运营方案设计研究

随着北京大兴国际机场夜间到港旅客量的增加,机场轨道交通运营时长已难以满足客运需求。为提升线路服务水平,延长夜间运营时间,同时减少运力浪费,需要平衡线路夜间客运需求、维检修需求及运营成本,制定延时运营方案。通过挖掘北京大兴国际机场及大兴机场线客流变化规律,分析线路夜间客运需求,结合大兴机场线夜间维检修要求,探讨延时运营对设备设施作业的影响,并进一步研究延时运营成本的构成以及成本计算方式。最后通过对比、分析不同的延时运营方案对夜间维修时间的影响、增开列次与路网换乘情况、运营成本的增加情况,提出当前大兴机场线宜采取上行单向延长运营30 min的方案,并结合大兴机场线实际情况设计线路延时运营阶段的列车运行方案。     

大流量高速公路夜间施工安全保畅和施工质量控制

浙江甬台温高速台州二期起于三门麻岙岭,终于临海青岭,全长42．8公里。其中,吴岙至临海北路段于2000年底建成通车,该路段按山岭重丘陵、双向4车道、设计行车速度100公里／小时（隧道80公里／小时）的高速公路技术标准设计,是浙江省主要干线甬台温高速与上三高速2条高速公路的汇合路段。     

高速铁路列车夜间开行维修天窗设置研究

在阐述我国高速铁路列车夜间开行需求,以及考虑夜间维修天窗设置的基础上,比较分析不同维修天窗模式在线路要求、天窗时间、天窗时间的通过能力、综合维修作业效率等方面,认为采用全封闭模式更适应高速铁路列车夜间开行的要求。通过对常用天窗形式的优缺点分析,提出采用两日分段矩形天窗作为高速铁路列车夜间开行时的综合维修天窗设置形式。以京沪高速铁路为例,探讨两日分段矩形天窗使线路上、下行通过能力实现均衡,以保证动车组的使用效率。     

高速铁路夜行列车开行和天窗设置优化研究

在阐述国内学者对高速铁路综合维修天窗研究的基础上,分析高速铁路夜行列车运行时间带与天窗开设时段的关系,进而提出夜行列车开行与天窗设置优化模型,其基本思路为:根据夜行列车的合理始发和终到时间带范围,确定夜行列车开行区段集;以满足天窗开设时长为基本要求,自动调整夜行列车停站方式以待避天窗,自动生成夜行列车运行图和分段矩形天窗开设方案。最后通过算例验证优化模型的适用性。     

Environmental capacity: noise pollution at Catania-Fontanarossa international airport

Airport capacity has widely been used as a measure of the level of performance of airport infrastructure. In the last decade or so, a new way of interpreting capacity has established itself that includes environmental compatibility, especially in terms of noise nuisance. This study initially offers an analysis of the environmental compatibility of Catania-Fontanarossa airport and then generalizes the methodology. The analysis was carried out with the aid of the integrated noise model (INM) software. This makes it possible to formalize the relationship between the four principal factors determining aircraft noise nuisance: level of noise, fleet composition, number of operations per day and affected surface. It allows the construction of abacuses showing the trend of each of the four factors, as the others vary. These abacuses can help in airport planning and management by providing a simple and quick way to handle environmental concerns especially for computing environmentally based landing/takeoff fares imposed on aircraft.     

The baggage system at Denver: prospects and lessons

This article discusses the fundamental design difficulties of the fully automated baggage system originally planned for the New Denver Airport, and their implications for airport and airline management. Theory, industrial experience, and the reality at Denver emphasize the difficulty of achieving acceptable standards of performance when novel, complex systems are operating near capacity. United Airlines will thus make the Denver system ‘work’ by drastically reducing its complexity and performance. Automated baggage systems are risky. Airlines and airports considering their use should assess their design cautiously and far in advance, and install redundant, supplemental systems from the start.     

Cultural and behavioral differences: tour guides gazing at tourists

The aim of this exploratory study is to describe, examine, and analyze the manner in which tour guides in Israel gaze at the groups of foreign tourists they lead, in light of their close familiarity and cumulative experience with them. How do Israeli tour guides view different types of tourists, tourist behaviors, and tourist worldviews? The concept of ‘gaze’ refers to the manner in which people view the world around them. When a gaze is focused, it may include both visual and nonvisual elements. The study methodology is based on a grounded theory approach and on in-depth interviews with Israeli tour guides regarding their attitudes toward and perceptions and images of the tourists in their groups. The study proposes a model of five complementary gazes that develop over time, which depicts the processes and elements that help shape how hosts understand the tourists with whom they come in contact. Although the model was based on findings generated by interviews with Israeli tour guides, who are professional hosts, it may also be applicable to other kinds of hosts in different contexts.     

Managing heritage attractions: marketing challenges at sensitive historical sites

Historical sites now feature strongly as sites of visitation. However, such sites are often connected with historical events, which are sensitive to visitors and thus highly contentious when utilised in the development of tourism. The paper, from the perspective of the visitor, examines some of the critical issues that generally determine the nature of visitation at sensitive historical sites. The issues identified are the visitor's emotional state at the site, prior expectations of the site and what is to be learnt and perception of site presentation and interpretation. They also include the primary visitor objective to learn about the site, the ease with which access to the site can be obtained and the existence of social experiences between relevant visitor groups that may be extended to the site. The issues identified place significant challenges on how marketers communicate with potential visitors and other stakeholders of the site and require the marketing function to take cognisance of the different emotional states of visitors. Similarly, the nature of the packaging of the site, the channels of visitor access to be encouraged and how pricing is to be used as a marketing tool in a way that it is appropriate for the different groups of visitors to the site, all present unique marketing challenges. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Shopmobility at the millennium: `Enabling' access in town centres

Shopmobility provides a vital link in the community transport chain. It has been designed to secure for mobility-impaired people equality of access to shopping facilities and `barrier-free' movement within town centres. This agenda is important in the UK given the growing incidence of age-related disability, the spread of pedestrianisation to smaller shopping centres, and publicised development of wayfinding technologies to help disabled people navigate in unfamiliar surroundings. The recent millennium audit of Shopmobility schemes furnishes a national data-base highlighting the demand for services, operating practices in contrasting built-environments, stockholding of equipment, financial management and planning intentions. This report overviews the key findings of that audit within the context of a government commitment to an `inclusionary' and integrated transport policy. It concludes that an adequate and secure stream of financial support is essential for the sustained development of Shopmobility in local contexts, and recommends that Local Transport Plans should ensure that Shopmobility schemes are effectively linked to community and public transport services, and accessible car parking provision for disabled motorists.     

Manifest destiny meets inclusion: Texas nationalism at the Alamo

In San Antonio, Texas, the Alamo is an annual destination for 2.5 million visitors. From the early 1900s, the Daughters of the Republic of Texas (DRT) controlled the Alamo, with their nationalist, Anglo-centric version of the past. They allegedly ignored its previous history, erasing the Tejanos (Texas Latinos) who supported the 1836 Texas Revolution. Texas lawmakers recently voted to restrict DRT's control of the site. For tour guides, what is the Alamo's meaning? What happens as that meaning becomes more inclusive? This study documents Alamo guides' interaction with tourists, through the use of participant observation and interviews. At the Alamo, narratives now embrace Tejano heroism alongside Anglo heroism, and there is substantial inclusion of the Spanish language. Tour guides integrate political context and evidence-based history, alongside – and often in conflict with – the myth-making of the DRT. These are distinct and important adjustments, yet slavery and Alamo tourism's antagonistic past are not fully confronted. Guides wonder whether their story is simply harder to promote in the face of cultural pressures. When contested sites become more inclusive, there are unforeseen obstacles and consequences.