超竞争环境下企业竞争优势构建机制研究

全球竞争背景下,如何获取企业竞争优势成为社会关注的焦点。然而在静态环境和动态环境下企业竞争优势的获取是截然不同的,文章指出在当前超竞争环境下,企业只有通过能力和环境匹配,获取短暂竞争优势的机制,继而持续不断的开发新的竞争优势,才能形成以能力为基础的企业竞争力。     

破坏性创新与在位企业的竞争力弱化

处于市场主导地位的在位企业常常会为了保持自身竞争优势而强化其核心能力,从而使其竞争力得到进一步加强,然而这一竞争力是建立在企业现有核心能力和竞争优势基础之上。当新进入企业在利用破坏性创新对主导企业的主导市场实施破坏时,主导企业的前述行为无意识的成为企业竞争力弱化的推手。     

Do Minority-owned Banks Pay Higher Interest Rates on CDs?

This paper analyzes whether minority-owned banks pass along an advantage in access to governmental deposits to the communities they serve in the form of higher interest rates paid on certificates of deposit (CDs). Although academic evidence has not confirmed increased profitability or efficiency of these banks since the creation of the Minority Bank Deposit Program, their unique positioning within communities may allow them to meet the needs of a clientele with lower and less stable income, and with higher than average expected future deposit withdrawals. Data from the regulatory reports provided by minority and non-minority owned banks are analyzed using five distinct time horizons for CDs. The results suggest that Black-owned banks consistently pay higher interest rates on CDs, with a lower premium for longer-term CDs, and used the premium to cushion the ill effects of the recent financial collapse on their customers. Asian-owned banks provide a smaller premium for short-term CDs, while the remaining category of minority-owned banks, including Native American, Hispanic, and Women-owned banks, also paid a premium on CDs, but shrank that premium substantially following the financial collapse. Note also that minority-owned banks may use this funding advantage in a variety of other ways to serve their respecitive communities.     

制造业服务化研究回顾与未来展望

制造业服务化是制造业企业获得竞争优势的有效途径,但是在实施过程中容易出现"服务化困境"现象。本文以制造业服务化为主题,按照文献发展脉络与逻辑关系,从制造业服务化概念、驱动力和实现过程以及实现过程的保障因素对已有理论进展进行了评述,并对未来研究方向进行了展望。     

知识产权产业:高层次竞争的优势产业

知识产权产业是具备高层次竞争优势的产业。其产品交易能极大节约成本提高效益;弥补技术贸易的缺陷,造就永不枯竭的利润源头;知识产权产业可借助品牌知名度越做越强。因此世界列强千方百计抢占知识产权产业的制高点,获得经济竞争中的绝对优势。知识产权产业发展将引起世界新的分工,少数拥有知识产权绝对优势的国家成为"脑部"机构,主宰着世界经济的发展和利益分配;而绝大多数不具备知识产权优势的国家将沦为全球化大工厂的体力工人,以简单劳动形式获取微薄的价值补偿。     

论ECFA对两岸经贸关系的影响——基于双边自由贸易理论的分析

签订FTA对小规模经济体而言,在降低进入成本同时,带来贸易转移效应,并利用大型经济体的资源实现自身产业链的优化,避免被边缘化的危机,提高经济水平和自身福利。本文从理论上分析了ECFA签订的必要性,并结合台湾实际,提出政策建议。     

Financial institutions and technology policy

The less developed countries with all their handicaps of a late start have one critical advantage and that is related to the accumulated and growing scientific and technological knowledge. But to use this knowledge creatively for solving their own problems, they need to develop competence in the field of technology choice through an institutionalized technology policy. It is the purpose of this paper to suggest the major elements of such a policy and to emphasize the crucial role of the financial system.     

Dynamic comparative advantage and the welfare effects of trade

Developing economies may face a trade-off between specializingaccording to existing comparative advantage (in low-technologygoods), and entering sectors in which they currently lack acomparative advantage, but may acquire such an advantage inthe future as a result of the potential for productivity growth(in high-technology goods). Comparative advantage is endogenouslydetermined by past technological change, while simultaneouslyshaping current rates of innovation. Hence, specialization accordingto current comparative advantage under free trade may be welfarereducing. Selective intervention may be welfare improving, bothfor the economy undertaking it, and for its trade partner.     

企业资源与竞争优势的关系研究

竞争规律是优胜劣汰,适者生存。企业资源是竞争优势的基础和源泉,竞争优势是企业生存发展的基石。本文认为研究企业资源与竞争优势的关系,就是研究企业资源与竞争优势形成的关系、企业资源与竞争优势持续的关系。企业资源的异质性决定了竞争优势的形成,而企业资源的不完全模仿性、不完全流动性和不完全替代性决定了竞争优势的持续性。     

发展中国家集群企业的合作实践及其对我国的启示

产业集群是一种有效的经济空间组织形式,但产业集群的竞争优势会受到集群外在环境因素的影响。发展中国家的一些产业集群在其发展过程中曾经由于外部原因而陷入暂时的困境,集群企业之间以及集群企业与中介机构之间以从前没用过的密切合作行为克服了危机并实现了集群的升级,使集群重回发展轨道。这些集群的合作实践为我国集群企业应对目前的经济危机提供了有益的启示。     

Information technology and competitive advantage: Lessons from the developed countries

The paper focuses on developed countries, arguing that when used effectively information technology (IT) brings gains in the form of better product quality, greater flexibility and speed, and first-mover advantage; the cost-reducing impact of IT is of secondary importance. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) experience with IT has been mixed and often disillusioning. OECD nations, with their well-developed technological infrastructures, national computer and telecommunications industries and substantial resources, have failed to develop universal rules for applying IT successfully. The obstacles are managerial and regulatory, not technological. Unpreparedness by companies, regulatory barriers and a lack of standards all tend to inhibit diffusion of IT.     

深圳、上海金融积聚与金融创新比较

金融业的发展关系城市的产业升级。深圳、上海金融业的发展各有特点。从深圳、上海金融总量、金融积聚的比较看,上海处于优势;从深圳、上海金融创新的比较看,深圳金融机构的金融创新能力较上海强。     

A step change or a step back? the thames gateway and the re-birth of the urban development corporations

The delivery of the government's Sustainable Communities: Building for the Future proposals in the Thames Gateway area will be spearheaded by two new Urban Development Corporations (UDCs). During the 1980s and 1990s, UDCs were at the forefront of property-led regeneration in Britain and their impacts were extremely controversial. For some they represented a necessary institutional form that successfully facilitated and delivered regeneration to areas with chronic social and economic problems. For others they embodied a broader Thatcherite programme that marginalised local authorities and local communities from the heart of development planning. This paper examines their reintroduction and compares and contrasts the new agencies with those that existed in earlier decades. It argues that although the new UDCs will have broadly similar powers, the political contexts in which they are being established differ markedly. They are now expected to embed themselves into regional and national strategic development agendas and work in development partnerships with local authorities and local communities. The paper outlines the possible political and practical impacts that they will have and what their emergence tells us about the nature of Labour's broader modernisation agendas for local governance.     

动态竞争与企业核心竞争力

随着我国加入WTO和金融市场的进一步开放 ,银行业必然面临着来自外资银行的激烈竞争。对我国银行业而言 ,外资银行在资金、技术、经营管理和金融创新等诸多方面都存在明显优势 ,尤其在客户关系管理 (CRM方面已有丰富经验。而到目前为止 ,我国银行业在实施CRM尚处于起步阶段 ,     

基于比较优势理论的低碳经济发展模式创新研究

在经济全球化背景下,各国在发展低碳经济时基本上都将战略重点放在其比较优势领域,并形成了四种不同的低碳经济发展模式。文章认为,根据比较优势理论分析,中国低碳经济发展应从温室气体减排技术和中国人口的能源使用、消费行为两条主要途径出发,不断创新,形成中国独特的低碳经济发展模式。     

比较优势与发展中赶超

比较优势理论的要义是贸易可能性,而不是贸易效益。比较优势战略作为比较优势理论在发展战略的具体运用,并不能保证一国获得持续、较高的贸易效益。追求贸易效益的最大化是理性国家对外贸易长期追求的目标,只有在比较优势基础上,获得贸易的竞争优势,才能实现发展中赶超。中国比较优势战略的实施对贸易水平的提高和贸易结构的提升有积极的意义,应在贸易和经济发展的新阶段,形成经济全球化条件下参与国际经济合作与竞争的新优势。     

试论提升城市特色旅游竞争力的发展策略

随着社会经济和旅游业的发展,我国许多中小城市利用当地特色和旅游资源优势,形成了特色鲜明的旅游市场竞争优势,并一举成为中国旅游业发展中的亮点。如何提升城市特色旅游竞争力已成为城市旅游不容忽视的重大课题。本文从城市特色旅游和旅游竞争力的概念入手,从分析影响旅游竞争力的七大因素,对提升城市特色旅游竞争力的策略进行了探讨。     

Community Banks vs. Non-Community Banks: Where is the Advantage in Local Small Business Funding?

Recent literature questions the relative advantage of community banks vs. non-community banks in small business funding. Using the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s definition of a community bank, the study re-examines the role of community banks in providing funding to small businesses using the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) small business lending data over the period 2003 to 2016. The empirical results indicate that community banks are still providing 30 percent more small business funding than non-community banks, especially after the Great Recession. This role is even more important in those counties in non-metropolitan areas. In addition, the results indicate that in counties where community banks do not have offices, they provide 48 percent fewer loans compared to non-community banks in counties where they do not have offices, which suggests community banks still use physical offices to maintain their relationship lending advantage. Clearly, from a public policy standpoint, the results support the view that community banks are important because they continue to provide valuable services to small business firms throughout the country.

     

粤商待人之道与成人之美

粤商待人之道不同一般,特别是在血缘关系的亲情上更能体现出来,有着常人看似无情的做法,对待孩子晚辈不是提供直接帮助,而是以吃苦的形式进行挫折教育;对待职场工作也不愿意援助,而是让个人全力以赴寻找出路;这样做反而有更大的好处,磨练孩子的意志,挖掘他们的潜能;待人之道为的是成人之美,就是将最大的善意表现出来。     

青海省发挥后发优势的障碍分析及解决路径

后发优势是后发国家和地区在经济发展及现代化过程中所具备的特殊优势。后发优势与其在经济上的落后性共生,是一种潜在的优势,要把潜在的优势转化为现实优势必须具备一定的条件。青海省存在着阻碍其发挥后发优势的多重因素,分析青海省发挥后发优势的障碍,并探索其解决路径,有利于促进青海省后发优势的实现,进而实现青海省的跨越式发展。