The spatial pattern of urban population growth in Java, 1980-1990

"The emergence of fast-growing peri-urban regions and corridors joining large cities has been a feature of rapid urban growth in Asia in the last fifty years. These areas have been characterised by a mixture of urban and rural activities and by strong rural-urban linkages. This paper uses data from the 1980 and 1990 Indonesian Censuses to measure the extent to which this process has been occurring on Java in the intervening decade. It calculates and categorises the absolute and proportional increase in the urban populations of each kabupaten in Java, and examines some of the reasons for the emerging patterns. The paper concludes with a discussion of the policy implications of the findings."     

Hawkers in South Africa's small urban centres: Planning and policy

The development of strategies for the ‘appropriate management’ of urban growth applies with equal force to small and to large urban centres. In this paper one key aspect in the evolution of appropriate management strategies in South Africa's smaller urban centres is addressed, namely the policy attitudes and practices towards hawkers. Against a background review of the international experience of changing attitudes towards street traders, empirical material is presented on local policies and planning regarding hawkers in a cross‐section of South Africa's smaller urban centres. Although the overall picture is dominated by the reluctance of urban authorities to innovate accommoda‐tionist planning, some interesting exceptions are noted.     

Productivity growth in Indonesian agriculture, 1961–2000

This paper uses an index number approach to measure total factor productivity (TFP) growth in Indonesian crop and livestock agriculture from 1961 to 2000. Tornqvist-Theil chain-weighted indices of output, input and TFP are developed to minimise biases that may result from relative changes in input and output price aggregation weights. The results indicate that agricultural TFP growth accelerated in the 1970s and 1980s but stagnated in the 1990s. Without new efforts to increase productivity in agriculture, Indonesia's goal of using agricultural growth to generate broad-based rural development and further reduce poverty may be undermined.     

The provision of urban housing in the BLS countries: Policy and strategy since independence

After studying housing policies applied in the Third World the conclusion was drawn that extensive housing shortages cannot be ascribed only to the rapid growth of the urban population, but that housing policies and strategies implemented in the past were equally important. On the one hand the housing policies and strategies were unrealistic in terms of standards and costs and on the other, there was a lack of planning and co‐ordination in the implementation of the housing strategies.

In this paper an attempt is made to test the validity of the above‐mentioned as applied to Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland. The structures responsible for the provision of urban housing as well as the policies and strategies as applied in the BLS countries since independence are therefore analysed. Differences and similarities in the implementation of housing policies and strategies between the various BLS countries are also highlighted.     

Integrated regional development planning: Linking urban centres and rural areas in Bolivia

Highly polarized settlement systems in developing countries reflect and tend to reinforce strong disparities in levels of development between the largest city and other regions and between urban centres and their hinterlands in rural regions. Integrated regional development planning seeks to create a more diffuse and articulated system of settlements in order to diversify the services and facilities available to rural residents, increase their access to town-based markets, new sources of agricultural inputs and non-agricultural employment opportunities, and to provide guidelines for sectoral investment and location decisions. One approach to integrated regional development planning — ‘Urban Functions in Rural Development’ - was tested in the Department of Potosi, Bolivia, and its results provide insights not only into the methodology of analysis but also into the complex relationships among rural development, patterns of human settlement and processes of spatial interaction.     

Managing urban growth in Lusaka,Zambia∗

The question of urban management is a key issue for policy makers in Africa. The objec‐tive in this paper is to analyse recent trends in the management of urban growth in Lu‐saka, Zambia. The Zambian urbanization experience is of a transition from constrained to unconstrained patterns of urbanization and of the imperative to dismantle the heritage of colonial policies. Lusaka's management performance with regard to the pro‐vision of shelter and services as well as work opportunities for an expanding population is investigated. It is argued that the experience of Lusaka underscores the urban management dilemmas of transcending the burden of past policies.     

Consumption based estimates of urban Chinese growth

This paper estimates the household income growth rates implied by food demand in a sample of urban Chinese households in 1993–2005. Our estimates, based on Engel curves for food consumption, indicate an average per capita income growth of 6.8% per year in 1993–2005. This figure is slightly larger than the 5.9% per year obtained by deflating nominal incomes by the CPI. We attribute this discrepancy to a small bias in the CPI, which is of a similar magnitude to the one often associated with the CPI in the United States. This result supports the view that Chinese price statistics are reliable. Our estimates indicate stronger gains among poorer households, suggesting that urban inflation up to 2005 in China was “pro-poor,” in the sense that the increase in the cost of living for poorer households was smaller than for the average one.     

Innovation centres: The policy options for local authorities

Over the last few years a growing number of local authorities have set up Innovation Centres (ICs) as part of their repertoire of initiatives aimed at local economic regeneration. According to the recently formed Association of Innovation Centre Executives, ICs exist to provide assistance to both individuals and small firms with the creation and development of new and improved products and processes which can demonstrate market potential. Yet a review of the experience of ICs to date reveals that there is no standard model of an IC that can be taken off the shelf. Roger Leigh and David North seek to clarify the various options and choices that are available to a local authority contemplating setting up an IC, using information and insights gained from a series of interviews with IC managers carried out in 1985.     

论点摘编

●长沙交通学院李春森认为 :法规制度建立的目的并不是惩处谁 ,它只不过是维护公司正常的经营管理秩序 ,确保投资人、职工的利益和企业整体经济效益的手段 ,因此在建立企业责任追究制度同时应建立预防违法违规的行为控制机制和完善其他配套企业管理制度。预警系统有利于防微杜渐 ,防止少数人不良思想的得逞。在有关会议和场合要对公司各级负责人进行必要的思想教育 ,树立正确的价值观。企业的各项经济活动要有良好的制度机制 ,权力的运用必须受到监督和制约 ,办事程序应公开化 ,有利于避免决策失误 ,防止少数人营私舞弊及出现管理上的漏洞。…     

我国物流中心与物流园区的新发展

2005年,国家继续加强和改善宏观调控政策.为限制物流园区的盲目建设,在其土地开发、占用上实施严格的审查制度.总体来看,国家宏观调控政策取得了明显的成效.仓储设施更加注重技术水平的提升,物流中心建设向专业化、特色化方向发展,而物流园区建设则更为理性.     

改革开放以来漳州经济增长的实证分析

本文依据经济增长理论 ,运用经济计量方法 ,考察漳州市改革开放以来经济增长的变化情况 ,实证分析了影响漳州经济增长的主要因素 ,从中找出问题和差距 ,并提出若干政策建议。