虚拟集群式旅游供应链模型构建研究

文章基于旅游供应链理论研究动态与现代信息技术发展态势,提出以信息拉动式为特征的在线旅游供应链(e-tourism supply chain)的理念。从集群式供应链视角,分析了虚拟集群式旅游供应链建立的动因,构建了虚拟集群式旅游供应链理论模型。文章通过创新旅游供应链研究视角,借鉴产业集群与供应链管理耦合研究理论,试图在赛博空间(Cyberspace)里,构建起虚拟集群式旅游供应链的理论框架,可分成4个部分:(1)旅游者信息链,是围绕着每个旅游者需求信息的一条"信息拉动式供应链",在此基础上形成旅游企业旅游服务大规模定制链;(2)旅游服务定制链,旅游企业在以"旅游者"为中心的信息链上提供即时响应、即时采购、即时生产、即时销售的敏捷制造服务,同业性旅游企业合作服务于旅游者;(3)信息共享平台,包括旅游者需求汇集、统计、分流平台,旅游企业沟通平台和旅游评价平台;(4)专业化辅助企业,具有弹性专精的优势,缓解大规模标准通用化服务提供和市场的定制化随机要求(stochastic demand)之间的矛盾,满足了旅游者对定制化旅游服务需求。     

旅游供应链协同创新的治理困境:契约还是关系?

旅游供应链协同创新能够获得单个创新主体无法企及的整体创新效果.然而,旅游供应商的机会主义行为却是旅游供应链协同创新的障碍.旅游运营商对供应商进行有效治理,是旅游供应链协同创新的关键.文章分析了旅游运营商对供应商实施正式治理和非正式治理,即签订合法契约引入外部强制性的法律约束,与构建关系规范实现群体内自主性约束这两种机制的治理效果.研究发现,合法契约、关系规范均能够显著减少旅游供应商机会主义行为,促进旅游供应链协同创新.但旅游运营商自身的可替代性会影响治理机制产生的治理效果.随着旅游运营商可替代性程度的提高,关系规范对机会主义行为的约束作用显著增强,彰显出关系规范对供应链成员的保健效果;而关系规范对旅游供应链协同创新的促进作用减弱,表明旅游运营商的可替代性会削弱关系规范的激励效果.文章能够在理论方面对旅游供应链治理与协同创新研究进行补充;同时在实践方面也有利于指导旅游运营商有针对性地运用治理机制对旅游供应链进行治理,保障旅游供应链协同创新的实现.     

满意均衡——基于供应链视角对游客满意与旅游购物问题的探讨

文章从供应链视角出发对游客满意进行了解读,提出了满意均衡的概念,并且探讨了旅游购物和游客满意问题出现的根源.研究指出,从供应链视角来说,满意是一种均衡,游客满意的实现要以旅游供应链上其他各方的满意为前提.旅游购物问题的出现并非单纯的导游服务质量或旅行社经营问题,其根源在于满意失衡.要想消除旅游购物问题,实现游客满意,必须建立起旅游供应链上各主体之间均衡的满意关系.满意均衡的实现不仅需要提高导游队伍素质和营造健康的行业运行环境,而且需要培育成熟的旅游消费群体.     

基于以旅游电商为核心的旅游服务供应链协调研究

随着当今社会经济的迅猛增长,社会的飞速发展,人们的精神需求也在发生着变化,这就使得旅游行业经济日益旺盛。旅游业成为了世界的焦点,得到世界各领域的密切关注。随着时代的发展,中国旅游模式发生巨大改变,在线旅游模式大幅度上升,使得旅行社在人们的选择中变得微乎其微,进一步取代其成为旅游服务供应链的核心。旅游电商企业的急剧扩张,带来了服务质量下降,游客投诉率上升等一系列连锁反应,为了解决这一矛盾,决定建立旅游服务供应链的调整模式,并且引入收益共享机制。在维护旅游电商的权益的同时求解发现问题,提高收益共享模式下的旅游服务供应链的质量,提高供应链的线上企业和整个供应链的利润,从而改善电商旅游的杂乱局面。     

PPT年度回顾的启示——政府职能、供应链与营销

基于国内PPT(Pro-Poor Tourism,有利于贫困人口的旅游)研究的缺乏,本文结合PPT年度回顾中的相关案例和研究成果,探讨了我国旅游扶贫在政府职能、供应链和营销三个方面应当采取的措施和发展方向.指出政府应该在法规建设、制定政策、建立旅游扶贫专项基金和制度设计方面发挥重要作用;在具体操作层面上要注重对旅游供应链的重构和研究,强化私营企业的营销主体地位,以及选择有针对性的营销渠道.     

基于渠道权力理论的旅游供应链企业关系博弈分析

本文从渠道权力的角度对旅游供应链上下游企业间的关系类型进行分析.在渠道权力二元结构基础上,结合旅游供应链的特点,利用旅游淡季与旺季的供给-需求曲线关系,重新建立了旅游供应链渠道权力二元结构.并对不同的旅游供应链供应商-中间商关系进行了分析.文章重点讨论了随着旅游淡旺季旅游产品出现周期性供给过剩与供给不足情况下,供应商与中间商的单次博弈与无限次博弈的最优策略.     

旅游产业链供应链韧性衡量和提升路径

提升旅游产业链供应链韧性,是推动旅游业高质量发展的关键。在厘清旅游产业链、旅游供应链概念及两者的联系和区别的基础上,探讨旅游产业链供应链的价值创造力、产品创新力、供给调适力、风险抵御力等内涵特征及韧性衡量。针对当前国内外发展环境深刻变化、旅游消费需求升级、全球公共卫生事件带来的挑战,提出提升旅游产业链供应链韧性的主要路径：一是供需两端发力,尽快稳链补链,增强风险抵御力;二是推动产业融合,积极延链拓链,增强供给调适力;三是推进创新驱动,着力增链强链,增强创新创造力。     

旅游业供应链新模式初探

基于供应链管理思想的考虑,目前旅游业所形成的以旅行社为核心的供应链模式给旅游业的发展造成了许多问题,且有落伍于旅游业发展新形势的趋势.基于对问题的解决与新形势的关注,本文探讨并构建一种以旅游景区/点为核心的新的旅游业供应链模式.     

旅游战略规划研究中的几个理论问题

旅游发展战略规划是一个涉及面广、情况复杂、影响旅游事业长期发展的大问题。当前,国家和各地区都在研究和制定旅游发展战略规划。本文着重就旅游战略规划研究中的几个理论问题作一点探讨。 一、注重层次研究,突出旅游形象。 旅游业的综合性较强、横断面很宽。战略规划涉及的范围十分广泛。现阶段,我国旅游业是重点发展国际旅游,适度适时发展国内旅游。因此,研究和制定旅游战略规划必须根据国际旅游业的发展趋势和地区特点,在总体战略上注重层次研究,明确各个层     

国内有关旅游对接待地社会文化影响的研究述评

旅游对接待地的社会文化影响是近年来旅游学界研究的热点问题之一。本文在回顾国内研究进展的基础上．对旅游对接待地社会文化影响的基础理论和主要内容作了重点而详尽的介绍，并就我国目前研究中存在的问题提出了一些看法。     

Analyzing Quality of Supply Chain Management in Hotels of Isfahan Using the Partial Least Squares (PLS)

ABSTRACT

Hotels, as one of the major tourism service providers, must offer high quality products to survive in this severely competitive environment so that they can preserve their competitive advantage dealing with other competitors. Therefore, considering the high importance of this subject, this study aims to analyze the quality of hotels supply chain in Isfahan- Iran. On this account, the literature of quality in supply chain is reviewed and seven factors affecting the supply chain are identified. Then research hypotheses are raised in accordance with the seven factors. Data was gathered using questionnaire and Partial Least Square was applied in order to analyze the data. The obtained results indicate that focus on customer, supply chain quality leadership, supply chain quality strategies, supply chain quality information and process approach results in an increase in supply chain quality; meanwhile, the two hypotheses regarding supplier quality management and human resources development of supply chain are rejected. The results of this article will be beneficial to hotels which want to increase the level of their service quality.     

The evolution of triadic relationships in a tourism supply chain through coopetition

The analysis of tourism supply chains has traditionally focused on the two-party relationships between vertical suppliers. However, since a full supply chain is composed of horizontal, vertical and diagonal suppliers, there is a gap in literature regarding the dynamics of how these triadic relationships operate within a tourism supply chain. Using a multiple case study design involving four tour operators in Macau, this paper explores the interplay of relationships among horizontal, vertical and diagonal suppliers. We capture the evolutionary dynamics of how coopetitive relationships are formed between horizontal suppliers, the subsequent impact on both vertical and diagonal suppliers, and the resulting overall changes in the structure of the tourism supply chain. This paper contributes to tourism supply chain literature through a coopetitive lens by analyzing the triadic relational links among horizontal, vertical and diagonal suppliers.     

Aggravated fragmentation: A case study of SME behaviour in two emerging heritage tourism regions

This paper investigates the behaviour of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) within the heritage tourism supply chain (HTSC), in two emerging heritage regions. SMEs are conceptualised as implementers, working within the constraints of government level tourism structures and the heritage tourism supply chain. The research employs a case study approach, focusing on two emerging regions in Northern Ireland. In-depth interviews were carried out with small business owners and community associations operating within the regions. The research identifies SME dissatisfaction with the supply chain and the processes in place for the delivery of the tourism product. To overcome the perceived inadequacies of the heritage tourism supply chain SMEs engage in entrepreneurial behaviour by attempting to deliver specific products and services to meet the need of tourists. The challenge for tourism organisations is how they can integrate the entrepreneurial, innovative activities of SMEs into the heritage tourism system.     

An assessment of adopting lean techniques in the construct of hotel supply chain

This paper assesses the adoption of lean techniques across the supply chains of hotels. Literature indicates a growing awareness of sustainability issues and lean adoption for value creation in the hospitality industry. However, there are limited exploratory studies that outline sustainability in terms of lean techniques in the context of a hotel supply chain. This paper addresses this gap using a structured study plan with specific research questions. To this end, a theoretical framework of lean assessment for value creation is first developed and a SIPOC-based construct of a hotel supply chain is used to identify and categorize hotel waste. An empirical study is then conducted to answer research questions and assess the extent of using lean techniques. Study results and the developed framework can be subsequently used by practitioners and researchers in conceptualization and assessment of lean adoption across the supply chains of hotels in different contexts.     

Modeling a green supply chain in the hotel industry: An evolutionary game theory approach

Despite extensive discussion of environmental management for hotels, little research has been done on the hotel industry’s green supply chain management. This study uses the evolutionary game approach to examine the generation of green behaviors and a green supply chain by hotels. Results show that most hotels do have an incentive mechanism for green growth; hotels with green behaviors are more profitable than those that are not. Furthermore, governments and hotel customers are critical in the “greening” of traditional hotel supply chains. The findings can assist governments in formulating effective environmental policies, provide a theoretical avenue in governing green practice, and guide stakeholders to understand the formation and evolution of green development in the hotel industry.     

Exploring the influence of big data analytics management capabilities on sustainable tourism supply chain performance: the moderating role of technology orientation

ABSTRACT

The current study examines the importance of big data analytics (BDA) management capabilities, namely BDA planning, BDA investment, BDA coordination, and BDA control on sustainable tourism supply chain performance (STSCP). The study also explored the moderating role of technology orientation on BDA management capabilities' association with STSCP. Perceptual responses from 212 analytics professionals suggest BDA planning, BDA coordination, and BDA control as prominent enablers of sustainable tourism supply chain performance. Furthermore, technology orientation was found to enhance the contribution of BDA planning, BDA coordination, and BDA control as enablers.     

产业关联视角下中国住宿业碳排放结构路径研究

识别中国住宿业碳排放增长路径,是应对气候变化、精准制定旅游减排政策的关键。本研究从产业关联的视角出发,采用环境投入产出和结构路径分析方法,探究1997—2017年中国住宿业碳排放演变特征与影响住宿业碳排放变动的关键路径。结果表明：（1）研究期间中国住宿业碳排放量波动增长,但排放强度持续下降,电力和热力消耗是住宿业碳排放最主要的能源消耗类型。（2）最终需求引致的直接住宿业碳排放对住宿业全部碳排放量贡献始终较大,但住宿业消费中间产品投入引致的隐含碳排放量逐渐增多。（3）从供应链路径来看,"（上游供应部门）→食品制造业→住宿业→最终需求"与"（上游供应部门）→电力、热力的生产和供应业→住宿业→最终需求"是驱动中国住宿业碳排放变动的主要路径类型,上游供应部门涉及农林牧渔、道路运输、化学工业等部门。实现住宿业低碳发展应实施"源头减量、过程控制、末端治理"的综合治理战略,优化住宿业的中间产品投入结构,引导住宿业传统供应链向绿色供应链转型。     

Influence of sustainable hospitality supply chain management on customers’ attitudes and behaviors

This study aims to identify the impact of the environmental, social and economic dimensions of sustainable hospitality supply chain management actions on customers’ attitudes and behaviors including satisfaction, loyalty and willingness to pay a premium for sustainable hospitality goods and services utilizing data collected from U.S. consumers who frequently stay at hotels. Findings suggest that while both environmental and economic dimensions’ actions of sustainable hospitality supply chain management have positive influences on customer satisfaction, loyalty and willingness to pay a premium for sustainable hospitality goods and services, the social dimension actions are found to have a positive influence on customer satisfaction and a negative influence on customer willingness to pay a premium. Results also indicate that customer satisfaction fully mediates the relationship between social dimension actions and customer loyalty. In addition, customer satisfaction positively influences customer loyalty, which ultimately increases customer willingness to pay a premium. The implications of the research findings are provided.