Ethics of Justice and Care in Corporate Crisis Management

Despite the importance of ethics in corporate crisis management, they have received limited attention in the academic literature. This article contributes to the evolving conversation on ethics in crisis management by elucidating the ethics of "justice" and "care" and distinguishing between them. Examples of the two approaches are offered through consideration of cases in corporate crisis management, including the alleged glass contamination case faced by Gerber Products Company, and, the shooting tragedy at San Ysidro faced by McDonald's Corporation. It is argued that both an ethic of justice and an ethic of care can be appropriate approaches in corporate crisis management. Areas for future research are discussed.     

Virtuous Responses to Organizational Crisis: Aaron Feuerstein and Milt Colt

This study examines two recent cases of ethical responses to crisis management; the 1995 fire at Malden Mills and Aaron Feuerstein's response, and a 1998 fire at Cole Hardwoods, followed by the response of CEO Milt Cole. The authors describe these crises, the responses of Feuerstein and Cole, their motivations and the impact on crisis stakeholders using the principles of virtue ethics and effective crisis management. What emerges is set of post-crisis virtues grounded in values of corporate social responsibility and entrepreneurial ethics. These include virtues of immediacy of response, supportiveness of victims, and rebuilding and renewal.     

对企业财务管理的伦理思考

不仅企业理财行为屡屡与社会整体利益相悖,经典的财务管理理论也在方法论、理论假设、理论立场等方面忽视伦理道德。然而,企业理财行为要接受社会制度的约束,本质上与伦理道德客观相容。企业在理财中必须充分考虑利益相关者的要求,对利益相关者负起道德责任。     

论企业管理伦理构建的主要问题

在当代社会,企业经营管理所面临的主要伦理问题,是“人”、“欲”、“权”的生态协调问题,“人”、“欲”、“权”展开了当代企业管理的三个维度：管理思想、管理制度、管理实践。这三个维度构成了当代企业管理伦理探讨的整体视野：管理方向的选择是对管理思想（即管理的伦理理想、伦理尺度、价值原则和道德规范体系形成）的定位;管理模式的确立表征为管理制度的建立,管理制度的内在支撑是管理伦理理想,所追求的目标是伦理价值实现,其根本原则是道德原则．其形式规范定位则表征为道德规范体系的建立;管理实践是法治与德治,其现实目标是人权维护、权利保障和权力监约,首要前提是法治与德治必须合普遍平等的自然法则与合普遍人性要求。     

基于公司治理理论的企业危机管理研究

本文首先综述了企业危机管理理论的流派,然后从公司治理理论角度对企业危机进行了新诠释,并且利用近三年国内大型企业危机案例,分析了近阶段企业发生危机的深层次原因,最后提出了基于公司治理理论的企业危机管理模式。     

基于企业社会责任理论的危机管理策略研究

面对日益复杂的市场竞争态势,有效的危机管理对于企业的生存和发展至关重要。实践与研究表明,企业社会责任是有效危机管理的核心。本文从企业社会责任的理论角度出发,探讨企业社会责任和危机管理之间的关系,并结合企业社会责任管理和危机管理,给出基于社会责任的危机管理策略。     

基于知识管理理论的政府环境危机管理系统研究

环境危机已经引起各国政府的高度重视,要加强对环境危机的管理,最有效的途径就是尽快建立并完善我国政府的环境危机管理系统。建立了监测预警系统、预防与应急准备系统、危机应急处理系统、危机评价及理赔系统四大部门是建立基于知识管理理论的政府环境危机管理系统,为主体的框架,这是我国政府环境危机管理系统的基础。     

企业供应链中需要危机管理

在变化迅速的市场经济条件下,供应链也有脆弱的一面。供应链中潜伏着危机,如在自然灾害、人为因素等方面。在这种情况下,企业要积极应对,主动采取措施,建立“生于忧患”的危机意识,发展多种供应渠道,与供应商结成战略合作伙伴关系,建立多种信息传递渠道,防范信息风险。     

现代企业危机管理及其应用

危机是一种不稳定的状态 ,随时随地都会发生。根据危机及危机管理的界定 ,对危机防范策略和危机管理策略两种不同的危机处理方法进行了比较 ,并讨论了危机管理在人力资源管理和组织文化建设中的应用。     

An Ethical Framework for the Marketing of Corporate Social Responsibility

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop an ethical framework for the marketing of corporate social responsibility. Methods The approach is a conceptual one based on virtue ethics and on the corporate identity literature. Furthermore, empirical research results are used to describe the opportunities and pitfalls of using marketing communication tools in the strategy of building a virtuous corporate brand. Results/conclusions An ethical framework that addresses the paradoxical relation between the consequentialist perspective many proponents of the marketing of CSR adopt, and ethical perspectives which criticize an exclusive profit-oriented approach to CSR. Furthermore, three CSR strategies in relation to the marketing of CSR are discussed. For each CSR strategy it is explored how a corporation could avoid falling into the promise/performance gap.     

Codes of Ethics,Orientation Programs,and the Perceived Importance of Employee Incorruptibility

The purpose of this study was to determine the degree to which the review of corporate ethics codes is associated with individuals’ perceptions of the importance of virtue ethics, or more specifically, employee incorruptibility. A convenience sample of individuals working for a university or one of several business organizations located in the Mountain West region of the United States was compiled with a self-report questionnaire. A usable sample of 143 persons representing both the public and private industries was secured for use in this study. The results of an analysis of covariance showed that reviewing ethics codes during employee orientation was positively related to individuals’ beliefs that incorruptibility is an important individual virtue. The managerial implications of the findings are discussed along with suggestions for future research.     

企业营销危机管理系统构建

建立企业营销危机管理系统,应遵循主动性和诚意性等基本原则。营销危机管理系统由危机预警子系统和危机处理子系统构成。通过子系统的整合设计出企业营销危机管理系统的概念模型,并在此基础上利用灰色理论对营销危机管理系统进行科学评价以实现对实体企业营销危机发展情况的科学检测,进而增强企业对营销危机的抵抗力,降低企业经营风险。     

Trust and Dialogue: Theoretical Approaches to Ethics Auditing

The aim of this paper is to put forward an ethical framework for the conceptualization and development of ethics audits, here understood as a catalyst for company dialogue and in general, for management of ethics in the company. Ethics auditing is understood as the opportunity and agreement to devise a system to inform on ethical corporate behavior. This system essentially aims to increase the transparency and credibility of the companys commitment to ethics. At the same time, the process of elaborating this system allows us to introduce the moral dimension into company actions and decisions, thereby completing a key dimension of the production, maintenance and development of trust capital. To this end, the following four steps are taken. First, we analyze the relation between ethics auditing and trust as a basic moral resource in the dialogue between the company and its various stakeholders. Second, we examine the social balance sheet as a precursor to ethics auditing and focus on what prevents it from going further. Third, we attempt to reconstruct the basic moral assumptions underlying the companys social responsibility from the discourse ethics approach. Finally, we present a methodological framework from which to carry out our proposal, which embraces two basic theoretical perspectives stakeholder theory and the values derived from discourse ethics as a normative framework.     

构建网络伦理的多维路径

互联网已经渗透到人类社会的各个领域，并以其前所未有的影响力改变着世界。就伦理领域而言，网络给人类道德提供了新的发展机遇，为伦理学的研究注入了新的内容。目前，网络伦理建构问题已成为伦理学研究的热点。加强网络伦理建设应当从网络伦理的制度建设、技术完善和网络道德建设等三方面入手。     

Business and Marketing Ethics as Professional Ethics. Concepts, Approaches and Typologies

Marketing ethics is normally marketed as a sub-specialization of business ethics. In this paper, marketing ethics serves as an umbrella term for advertising, PR and sales ethics and as an example of professional ethics. To structure the paper, four approaches are distinguished, with a focus on typical professional conflicts, codes, roles or climates respectively. Since the moral climate approachis more inclusive than the other approaches, the last part of the paper deals mainly with moral climates, within the above-mentioned marketing sub-professions.     

The Effectiveness of Corporate Ethics On-site Visits for Teaching Business Ethics

This paper describes and reports the evaluation ofusing corporate ethics field site visits in a businessethics course. The dilemma of how to design ameaningful business ethics course has been the subjectof debate for business school ethics instructors andis reviewed here. The structure of the site visitsand how student work is evaluated is presented. Twostudies evaluating the field site visits were done. The first study utilized qualitative methods toevaluate students' reactions as well as comments fromthe corporate ethics officers who host the visits. The second study utilized a pretest-posttest surveydesign to quantitatively evaluate student reactions tothe site visits. Results showed a statisticallysignificant, positive change in students' attitudes. This effect was moderated by gender, showing astronger positive effect for females than for males.     

Exploring the Role Performance of Corporate Ethics Officers

Organizations continue to show renewed focus on managing their ethics programs by developing organizational infrastructures to support their ethics implementation efforts. An important part of this process has been the creation of an ethics officer position. Whether individuals appointed to the position are successful in the role or not may depend on a number of factors. This study presents a suggested framework for their effectiveness. The framework includes a focus on personal, organizational and situational factors to predict performance in the role. The study examines the complex nature of the role. These include task complexity, low task visibility, role conflict, and role ambiguity. Personal, organizational and situational factors that can serve as buffers against the complexities associated with the role are presented. The study suggests that individuals with certain competencies and orientations may be better suitable for the ethics position, and firms need to consider key organizational and situational issues critical to the performance of an ethics officer. The research and practice implications of the study are given.     

基于“多米诺模型”的产品伤害危机形成机理研究

产品伤害危机是企业危机中经常存在且最为致命的一种危机,其发生与企业内外部多种因素有关,这些因素伴随着产品伤害危机产生、发展的全部过程,从演变机理来看,这个过程构成了一个多米诺骨牌模型。产品伤害危机形成机理的多米诺骨牌模型为企业有效控制产品伤害危机的发生和扩展提供了有益的借鉴,根据该模型,企业可以从加强管理提升产品质量、积极主动承担一切责任、增强危机公关能力等方面对产品危机进行有效管理和控制。     

全面财务风险管理思想对财务管理体系的影响

危机管理是现代企业管理的重要内容,分析全面风险管理思想和财务危机管理思想,将全面财务风险管理思想引入财务危机管理体系,不仅是对财务危机管理理论的丰富和创新,而且具有深刻的实践意义。     

Ethical Rationality: A Strategic Approach to Organizational Crisis

In this paper, we present an ethical and strategic approach to managing organizational crises. The proposed crisis management model (1) offers a new approach to guide an organization’s strategic and ethical response to crisis, and (2) provides a two-by-two framework for classifying organizational crises. The ethically rational approach to crisis draws upon strategic rationality, crisis, and ethics literature to understand and address organizational crises. Recent examples of corporate crises are employed to illustrate the theoretical claims advanced. Finally, the paper provides guidelines for a morally optimal outcome for the organization and its stakeholders. Peter Snyder is a Ph.D. student in Organizations and Strategic Management at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. His research interests include strategy making and corporate governance. Molly Hall is an attorney who practices international and environmental law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. She teaches adjunct courses in business ethics, environmental policy, and the European Union. Joline Robertson is a Ph.D. candidate in Organizations and Strategic Management at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. Her research interests include international business. Tomasz Jasinski is a Ph.D. student in Organizations and Strategic Management at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. His research interests include strategic alliances. Janice S. Miller received her Ph.D. from Arizona State Univerity in Business Administration with a concentration in Human Resource management. She has been on the faculty at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee UWM since 1996 and has served as the Associate Dean for Academic Programs in the School of Business Administration since 2002. Dr. Miller’s primary research interests include performance management, compensation and ethical issues in organizations.