我国经济社会转型与社会治理创新

当前,我国经济社会正经历的深刻转型对社会治理形成正反两方面重要影响。从积极方面看,持续的经济增长为社会治理提供了坚实的物质基础,行政改革为推进服务导向的社会治理提供了体制环境。同时,社会阶层结构与治理主体结构持续优化,网络信息技术发展助推社会治理智能化。从消极方面看,我国社会治理面临多方面挑战:经济风险可能向社会领域传导;农村地区基层治理与服务半径加大;中产阶层增长缓慢与群众诉求多元化并存;人口大规模流动及人口老龄化、少子化冲击社会秩序;网络信息犯罪增多而相关管理规范相对滞后。未来应将社会治理目标与政策逐渐融入经济社会体制改革,在大发展、大服务、大预防、大调解中协同解决社会治理问题。     

Economic Surplus,Social Reproduction,Nurturance and Love

This paper examines the contributions of James Ronald Stanfield to social and political economy. We start the analysis with Stanfield’s contribution to institution building through his education of PhD students, building a graduate program in political economy, and through the associations of social and political economy. Then we go on to scrutinise his creative developments and applications of the notions of economic surplus and social reproduction. This is followed by his extensive work on Karl Polanyi and the disembedded economy. Finally we explore his path-breaking analysis of the great capitalist restoration, the nurturance gap and love. Stanfield was one of the greatest institutionalists and social economists of the last hundred years, and these four areas of energetic creativity are his prime achievements in the area.

     

经济史中的技术与社会变迁

当我们在研究如何通过对技术创新的激励和引导来促进国民经济的增长时,我们实际上已经承认了两个假设：第一,技术的变迁与社会发展和经济增长具有很强的正关联性;第二,技术的变迁受到制度性因素的激励和制约。直观上和宏观经济数据分析都可以证明这两个假设是正确的,然而遗憾的是,一直以来,没有人对此给予历史的追溯,因此这两个假设尚未经历过经济史的检验。这与现阶段对技术创新的功利性研究有关,研究者认为技术创新是现代     

Economic Ideas and Institutional Change: The Case of the Russian Stabilisation Fund

An intense discussion is taking place in international political economy on the influence of economic ideas on institutional change. Case studies so far have, however, mainly focused on the Western industrialised countries and research seems to be biased towards cases in which new ideas caused lasting institutional change. The present paper addresses these two shortcomings by analysing the case of the Russian Stabilisation Fund (SF). This case is an example both of the impact of global ideas on a non-Western emerging country and of a ‘near miss’ in the sense that imported neoliberal ideas failed to assert themselves enduringly. Paradoxically, it can be shown how the neoliberally based idea of the SF even contributed to the return to Soviet patterns of industrial policy. The main reason for this, we argue, is that the Fund's implementation was not preceded by economic and political debates. Accordingly, the imported institution of the SF had to be filled with ideational content after its implementation.     

垄断资本主义制度下的经济剩余和剩余价值#br#

经济剩余范畴招致了诸多质疑与反对,并且,巴兰和斯威齐似乎也并未完全理解经济剩余的所有理论意涵。本文的主要目的在于从现代垄断资本主义的实际运行的角度考察经济剩余与剩余价值之间的关系。为了考察垄断资本主义制度下积累动力的决定性因素,有必要超越纯粹比较性的分析框架,采用动力学框架才有可能领会经济剩余这一范畴的重要性,并且才能理解它在马克思的资本主义发展理论中的地位。因此,文本从比较经济剩余与剩余价值的角度,探讨了资本积累(以及利润率水平) 与非生产劳动之间的关系。该方法有助于厘清与马克思的价值理论和垄断资本主义运行规律有关的一些理论难题。     

美国共同基金的治理结构及其对我国的借鉴

本文通过阐述美国共同基金的治理结构的优势，分析中国契约型基金治理的先天缺陷，得出中国证券投资基金可行的做法应分步进行，对于新设基金应尽量选择公司型基金的组织结构，在条件成熟时逐步将现有契约型基金调整为公司型基金的结论。     

Continuity and Change in Australian Economic Policy: The Social Welfare Services

Commonwealth social welfare programs can be divided into the social security system, for which the Commonwealth has constitutional responsibility, and programs of grants for services, which depend on Commonwealth exploitation of the Australian fiscal imbalance. Over the past decade federal enthusiasm for services has waxed and waned, resulting in considerable volatility of expenditure. Social security spending, on the other hand, has grown steadily. Until the end of full employment this growth was mainly due to real increases in social security rates and to the easing of entitlement conditions; since that time it has been largely due to demographic factors and to the increase in unemployment and associated increase in takeup rates. Both Liberal and Labor governments have adopted a more constrained attitude to social welfare expenditures since the end of full employment, but even so in most respects the Labor party has remained the more generous of the two.     

社会治理与治理模式

社会主义市场经济发展进程中,由于利益格局发生调整,产生一系列矛盾与冲突,进而影响到社会的发展与稳定。党的十八届三中全会提出国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,如何应对这些社会问题所带来的机遇与挑战,使经济发展与社会进步同频同振,有效地进行社会治理至关重要。通过对社会治理基本问题的理论展示,运用马克思主义原理,提出基本思路与发展路径,希冀对社会治理的政策与实践有所裨益。     

论经济剩余与可持续发展

经济剩余的获取固然离不开劳动 ,但自然资源的作用是不容忽视的。自然力的无偿提供是形成经济剩余的重要因素 ,它是无法用价值来加以准确衡量的。自然资源从其蕴涵的潜力和人类智慧对其的开发和利用来讲是无限的 ,但从一国拥有自然资源的总量来讲又是有限的 ,有些是无法再生的。过度的利用和盲目的开采 ,会导致自然资源的衰竭 ,人类将为此付出高昂的代价。必须善待自然 ,保护好自然资源和生态环境。经济的可持续发展才能赢得经济剩余的不断增长 ,社会财富的不断增多 ,人类社会的全面发展。     

双顺差条件下的中国经济增长

在构建一个双顺差约束条件下经济增长模型的基础上,对我国的国际收支平衡状况与经济增长率之间的关系进行实证分析.研究结果表明,双顺差的国际收支结构对经济增长具有双重的效应,对经济增长是否具有积极影响取决于条件的变化.近年来我国国民经济增长与国际收支双顺差之间已经形成高度的相关性,双顺差的结构反映出经济运行过程中存在着的潜在问题,同时,经常项目顺差与资本项目顺差之间已经开始出现相互强化的关系,降低国内资源配置效率的消极作用日趋明显,将会严重地增加我国经济运行的外部风险.     

Social Surplus Approach and Heterodox Economics

Given the emphasis on social provisioning in heterodox economics, two of its central theoretical organizing principles are the concepts of the total social product and the social surplus. This appears to link heterodox economics to the social surplus approach associated with the classical economists and currently with Sraffian economists. However, heterodox economics connects agency with the social surplus and the social product, which the Sraffians reject as they take the level and composition of the social product as given. Therefore the different theoretical approach regarding the social surplus taken in heterodox economics may generate a different but similar way of theorizing about a capitalist economy. To explore this difference is the aim of the article.     

产权优化、会计功能与剩余公司治理

现实世界中的正交易费用引致了合同的不完全,催生了产权优化的客观需求.产权优化的终极目标是准确界定各产权主体的权、责、利关系,并随着客观环境的不断变化及时地加以调整以达到动态优化,从而提高企业效率.产权优化的关键是维持"产权域秩序",主旨是产权保护,尤其是对"弱势产权"的保护.会计具有从微观层面界定产权和保护产权的功能,界定产权是为了保护产权.市场、企业和法律作为界定产权的方式必须以会计为微观基础.会计从微观层面为企业产权优化奠定了坚实的计量基础.产权优化的集中领域是剩余产权及剩余公司治理.     

全国社会保障基金的负债分析

人口老龄化将影响基本养老保险中统筹部分的支付能力,其次由于新制度中引进了个人账户,因此面临着巨大的隐形债务,同时还将面临长寿风险和投资风险.如何解决以上两个问题,成为新的养老保险体系能否取得成功的关键.2000年,中国建立了"全国社会保障基金",期望能够用战略储备积累的方式来解决以上两个问题,本文的研究重点就在于"全国社会保障基金"如何能够用最为经济的方式,以最小的风险解决新的养老保险体系所面临的问题.     

社保基金中的委托代理关系

众所周知,养老保险基金作为“养命钱”,不仅要靠专家理财的优势保证其绝对的安全性,而且还要实现它的保值增值。与证券投资基金不同,养老保险基金的基金持有人是广大的养老保险的参保者,也就是它的最终委托人。在我国尚无专门的养老保险基金公司成立的情况下,其中间代理人可视为社会保险的管理机构,由社会保险的管理机构,将社会保障基金委托给最终代     

经济伦理与社会和谐

经济要发展,社会要和谐,两者互为条件,相辅相成。其中一个重要的结合点是:按和谐社会的内在要求,协调好社会主义市场经济中的利益关系,正确倡导和践行经济伦理。     

古代峡江地区聚落变迁与社区经济发展态势探论

在古代峡江地区人文聚落发展、变迁的过程中,内地的汉民人口持续迁入起着至关重要的作用。本文从最新考古调查与发掘余家嘴文化遗存的时空分布入手,揭示出各历史时期人文群落的形成、变迁,受人口、长江航运及社区经济发展因素的影响。这一发现为研究该地区的社会经济及长江航运发展史提供了很好的实例。     

The Music Industry as a Vehicle for Economic Analysis

Student dissatisfaction with teaching of economics—particularly with macroeconomics—during the current financial crisis mirrors dissatisfaction that was expressed during the last big crisis, the Great Depression. Then and now, a good number of students have felt that their lectures bear little relation to the economic crisis raging outside the halls of academe. The economics profession seems unusual, when compared with some other professions, in complaints that the teaching is irrelevant to practical lives. There appear to be few complaints among physics students that their education does not prepare them for practical pursuits, such as engineering. But economics, particularly macroeconomics, is different from physics not because of the mode of teaching but because the subject matter is harder to conceptualize. Models have to be frequently discarded and fundamentally new ones have to be brought to bear to make them relevant to changed circumstances. Student dissatisfaction with economics, however, is, despite some vocal complaints, not intense overall, and enrollments are growing. Students mostly recognize that their teachers are struggling with the conceptual difficulties that are inherent in the field. Teachers can encourage such recognition and best serve their students if they refer regularly and respectfully to the history of economic thought, conveying the reasons for the theoretical constructs of other times and the tentativeness of current theories.     

企业盈余管理动机与治理的理论分析

盈余管理在一定程度上对会计信息的可靠性产生影响 ,进而影响到相关利益人的决策。本文对盈余管理的概念进行了重新界定 ,认为只有分析盈余管理产生的动机才能有效治理盈余管理。通过划分私人利益和组织目标两个层面 ,对盈余管理的动机进行理论剖析并揭示其主要方式 ,最后提出有效治理盈余管理的政策建议     

略论中国经济的流动性过剩——基于经济学视角

在总结了目前理论界对流动性过剩的观点的基础上,分析了中国经济的流动性过剩的现状,并从货币的供给与需求的角度分析了其产生的根源,最后提出了治理中国经济流动性过剩问题的对策与建议。