Impact of land tenure on land use in low-income countries

The role of land tenure in agricultural development has been a subject of intensive research, particularly within the context of land and agrarian reform. The complexity of the world's major land tenure systems is well recognized and no attempt is made here to go beyond an overview as this paper limits itself to the impact of land tenure on land use in low income situations. Present land use is determined by a host of factors, of a physical/biological and socioeconomic nature. In applying land evaluation, the question it is necessary to ask is to what extent, when and where land tenure conditions act as a considerable constraining factor impeding a more optimal use of land resources. Even in what used to be low-population density areas (such as Sub-Saharan Africa) it appears that the frontier phase is becoming exhausted and the intensification of agriculture proceeds; it becomes imperative to examine land tenure in relation to land use implications. It is shown that so far a multi-disciplinary approach has often been lacking in treating land tenure and related issues.     

土地利用规划中土地利用空间结构和布局研究进展

土地利用空间结构和布局是土地利用规划工作中的关键所在,是决定土地利用规划是否科学合理的重要步骤;开展土地利用空间结构和布局优化研究有利于促进土地资源利用的集约高效,有利于新一轮的土地利用规划修编的编制和实施;综述了目前我国土地利用空间布局相关理论的研究进展,回顾了土地利用空间布局所采取的主要技术和手段,对我国土地利用空间结构和布局研究进行了展望;研究表明：我国土地利用空间布局理论研究有了长足进展,但还未形成严密的科学理论体系;在研究视角上,多注重耕地和基本农田保护,在“统筹兼顾”“以人为本”“理性发展”等方面应加强;在研究方法上,应加强现代数学模型与计算机空间模拟等方法在土地利用规划布局中的应用研究,加强参与式土地利用规划理论和方法研究,与传统的规划研究方法和手段相结合,形成客观、准确、科学的土地利用规划技术体系。     

大庆市土地利用/土地覆盖景观格局研究

利用遥感影像处理系统,对大庆市1978~2001年5个时段的TM影像进行处理,得到大庆市土地利用图;据图进行土地利用/土地覆盖景观格局分析,利用GIS软件计算出大庆市区土地利用/土地覆盖的破碎化、斑块形状、分离度、优势度、均匀性及多样性等景观指数,并对大庆市区土地利用/土地覆盖进行自相关分析;结果表明,作为一个典型的石油型城市,大庆市景观格局有其独特之处。     

Special issue: Environmental risk mitigation for sustainable land use development

The Special Issue (SI) “Environmental Risk Mitigation for Sustainable Land Use Development” presents seventeen interrelated papers addressing the key concept of environmental risk mitigation and sustainable land use development. The issue argues that risk mitigation depends directly on the risk assessment analysis and the quality of applied measures. Therefore, the more precise are risk assessment conclusions, the better the risk mitigation measures would be. This collection of papers follows the vision of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 (Sendai Framework) which states that the integration of sustainable development objectives into disaster risk mitigation and adaptation at all levels and at all stages of policy action are of paramount importance for the sustainability of our communities. The final purpose of the issue is to address the mutual roles of land use policy on environmental risk mitigation and adaptation, especially disaster risks.     

乡镇企业用地在征地中的产权问题探讨

从土地征收的视角出发,在对乡镇企业用地产权进行辨析界定的基础上,分析乡镇企业用地的所有权、使用权和地役权等方面的问题以及导致问题的原因,并提出了解决问题的对策与建议：严格区分征地类别,实现同地同权。     

衡阳市城镇化与土地利用协调发展研究

近年来,衡阳市城镇化进程加速,城镇规模和占地面积不断扩大,但城区片面扩展和城区土地低效利用影响到区域经济的可持续发展;试图通过对衡阳市1996～2004年城镇化和土地利用情况的分析,揭示衡阳市城镇化过程中土地利用的特征及其存在的问题,并提出相应的对策。     

我国城市用地扩展与土地集约利用

分析了我国城市用地增长弹性系数和城市用地扩展幂指数规律,发现土地利用效益偏低、扩张速度偏快是目前我国城市用地扩展的主要特征;分析了城市用地扩展的主要驱动力,发现固定资产投资和人口增长是城市扩展的主要动力,而第三产业发展有助于抑制城市用地扩张;认为城市扩展是我国现阶段经济发展的必然结果,但我国城市土地利用应变外廷扩展为外延扩展和内涵挖潜相结合的利用方式,提高土地利用的集约度与综合效益.     

重庆市农业土地利用及生态农业发展模式与对策研究

重庆是大城市带动大农村发展的试点,由于人多地少,农业发展特别是在土地利用方面面临一系列亟待解决的问题;从重庆农业土地资源利用的特点和土地利用中出现的一系列生态环境问题入手,提出解决这些问题的途径是发展生态农业;在这个西部大开发的龙头和长江上游生态环境脆弱区,发展生态农业尤显必要;提出了发展生态农业的目标、措施、当前工作重点。     

煤矿区复垦土地的优化利用

在煤矿区开展土地复垦,把被破坏的土地恢复到可供利用状态,同时改善矿区生态环境,已经成为我国一项十分紧迫的任务。基于现有研究成果,针对煤矿行业特色,深入探索复垦土地优化利用的分析方法、程序和特点。     

浅析现行土地利用/覆盖变化描述方法

土地利用/覆盖变化是当前全球变化研究的热点问题之一;将土地利用/覆盖变化的描述方法分为土地利用时空变化和景观格局两个方面,分别从土地利用程度、动态变化速度、位置迁移和转换方向及来源方向等角度分析,对土地利用变化过程中的景观格局指数的变化规律总结归纳,并对指数的适宜性作以分析。     

Analysis of the non-productive land use in Lithuania

The preservation of high-quality agricultural land and its proper use is a relevant task on a global scale. A specific problem is raised by the fact that agricultural land is a limited and a practically non-renewable natural resource. The use of land differs throughout the territory of Lithuania. Some areas are favourable to agriculture, while others are not. Less favoured agricultural areas include territories where agricultural activities are unprofitable due to low soil fertility, areas where the density of the rural population is lower than the national average, and areas where the viability of rural communities is decreasing. When planning the use of land, a priority must be given to the public interest, which also includes preservation and improvement of the land used for agriculture and forestry. It is necessary to harmonize natural (ecological) and agricultural systems, and on that basis it is necessary to economically and legally regulate the growth of production. Human agricultural activity must be adapted to the real natural conditions. Thus the environment would suffer minimum changes.The aim of the article is to conduct a systematic planning analysis of the non-productive land use in Lithuania and to develop a model suggesting the ways how to use the non-productive land.     

宜宾市土地利用变化分析

旨在分析宜宾市在研究时段内土地利用变化状况;确定土地利用的数量变化采用分级赋与指数法;在GIS支持下,利用各期现状图叠加分析和DEM模型分析确定空间变化;得出研究区域人类活动强烈,土地用途变化大的结论;应该优化土地利用结构和建立舍理的土地利用措施。     

土地利用规划学的国内研究进展

从学科的角度出发分析土地利用规划学的研究进展和动态变化,分析其研究特点和不足之处,促进其更好的发展。通过文献查询法、统计分析方法。研究结果表明在不同时期,土地利用规划学的研究类型、研究方法、研究区域、研究主题等都有很大的变化。自1990年以后,土地利用规划学的论文数量、研究机构以及核心作者的数量大幅增加,研究的主题和内容也从单一走向多样化,进入21世纪后研究的主题集中在土地利用规划学的本质探索、土地利用规划环境影响评价、土地利用规划学的结构优化以及新技术与土地利用规划学的融合等方向上,研究的范围也从中尺度向宏观尺度和微观尺度方向发展,土地利用规划学进入了一个新的发展时期。研究结论得出土地利用规划学总体向着良好的趋势发展,但仍存在许多问题有待改善,研究的区域发展不平衡、研究技术先进性与研究成果不匹配、核心作者群没有真正形成等问题;今后需要更加重视区域发展不平衡问题,加强研究技术与研究成果之间的联系,完善土地利用规划学的理论体系,加强实证类的主题研究,加强核心作者的培养等,更好的促进土地利用规划学可持续的发展。     

The effect of land use regulations on farmland protection and non‐agricultural land conversions in China

This paper examines the effect of the Prime Farmland Protection Regulation in protecting high quality farmland from urban development and the subsequent effect on non‐farmland conversion in China in the first decade after the Regulation came into effect (1995‐2005). The empirical evaluation is conducted with geo‐referenced panel data for the entire country. Results indicate that the rate of farmland conversion was reduced during 1995‐2000. About two‐fifths of the reduction results from the protection of farmland with high grain productivity. There is no evidence of the effectiveness of the Regulation in protecting farmland during the period 2000–2005, regardless of land quantity or quality. Farmland development was accompanied by a reduction in forests and grasslands during the period from 1995 through to 2005.     

"3S"技术在土地可持续利用决策中的应用

土地的可持续利用是整个社会经济发展的根本基础,利用信息技术加强对土地资源的管理规划是未来的发展趋势;“3S”技术是全球定位系统、遥感、地理信息系统和专家系统的简称;对“3S”技术作了简要介绍,并从其技术方面分析了“3S”技术在土地利用和保护领域的作用和应用。     

The impacts of population and agglomeration development on land use intensity: New evidence behind urbanization in China

The impacts of population growth and agglomeration development on urbanization are complex. They cannot be effectively disentangled by simple fixed-effect regression analyses. This study introduces the land use intensity (LUI) metric to measure urbanization, and further applies quantile and threshold regression models to examine the impacts of population (POP) and agglomeration development (AGD) on land use intensity using a sample of 297 Chinese cities. The results reveal the heterogeneous effects that POP and AGD have on LUI. Variation is also observed in the effects of POP and AGD on LUI by POP/AGD intervals. As POP increases, its pressure on LUI increases. In contrast, the accumulative effects of development are beneficial in restraining overdevelopment of land resources within a specific range. The findings suggest that understanding complex human and development effects provides valuable insights, references, and implications for urban development and land use policies, which can guide cities with greater potential land development space in reducing the risk of unsustainable urbanization. Policies are recommended for ecological construction, city grouping, and sustainable land use.     

区域土地利用生态安全研究进展

土地利用生态安全已经成为土地资源可持续利用研究的热点课题。文章综述了土地利用生态安全的概念、特点(整体性、区域性、动态性、不可逆性)、研究现状及其应用,然后提出区域土地利用生态安全在研究方法、评价标准和应用领域等方面的展望。     

基于马尔柯夫模型的酒泉市肃州区LUCC趋势预测

甘肃省酒泉市近年来经济发展迅速,但生态环境也遭到一定程度的破坏;拟通过对其土地利用和覆盖变化的研究,为环境保护与经济协调发展提供决策支持;依据肃州区1988～2000年土地利用变更调查数据,对该区域LUCC进行分析,确定了土地利用类型的转移概率矩阵,并用马尔柯夫链模型预测了该区LUCC趋势。结果表明,肃州区土地利用将呈现耕地、水域和建设用地增加,林地、草地和未利用土地减少的发展趋势。