Worker Incentives in the Banking Industry

Journal of Financial Services Research - This study shows that monetary incentives together with performance disclosures lead to significant increases in effort and productivity in the multi-branch...     

Worker search effort as an amplification mechanism

It is well known that the Diamond–Mortensen–Pissarides model exhibits a strong trade-off between cyclical unemployment fluctuations and the size of rents to employment. Introducing endogenous job search effort reduces the strength of the trade-off while bringing the model closer to the data. Ignoring worker search effort leads to a large upward bias in the elasticity of matches with respect to vacancies. Merging the American Time Use Survey and the Current Population Survey, new evidence in support of procyclical search effort is presented. Average search effort of the unemployed is subject to cyclical composition biases.     

知识型员工激励的实证研究

本文以期望理论为基础 ,分析了知识型员工的期望偏好 ,介绍了美国MTV公司的员工与雇主之间签定“期望协议”的做法 ,并以我国京沪穗深经理人薪酬大调查的数据为主 ,从激励知识型员工的角度分析我国目前经理期望的满意程度 ,希望能为我们的知识型员工激励提供一点帮助     

农民工:户口我不懂

郭传娣出生在安徽巢湖市含山县运漕镇王港行政村的一名普通农民家庭,家中有三个姐姐、一个弟弟、一个妹妹,6个子女的家庭依靠传统种植业为生。因为贫穷,在郭传娣很小的时候父母就把妹妹过继给了别人。     

中国农民工养老保险政策对比分析

农民工养老保险问题是当前经济、社会发展中所必须面对的一个焦点问题。虽然当前出台了一些相关的地方政策,但关于如何解决农民工养老保险并未在政策层面和学术研究上达成共识,而要进一步探讨解决思路,则必须对当前的政策进行对比分析。本文正是对当前针对农民工养老保险的国家相关政策、各地区的不同政策加以对比分析,对当前学术界的研究成果进行梳理,在此基础上提出了相关的政策建议。     

Industrial replacement

The problem of industrial replacement has been attacked on an essentially empirical basis by various writers, more especially and quite lately by E. B. Kurtz ¹ E. B. Kurtz, Life Expectancy of Physical Property, Ronald Press 1930; R. Winfrey and E. B. Kurtz, Life Characteristics of Physical Property, Bulletin 103 of the Iowa Engineering Experiment Station, Iowa State College, 1931. But its mathematical analysis, which is quite within the range of modern technique, has not in prior publications ² A special case has been discussed by H. Bateman, Messenger of Mathematics 1920 Vol. 49, p. 134. A more general discussion has been given by R. Frisch, Statsekonomisk Tidskrift, 1927, pp. 117-152. See also B. Meidell, Skandinavisk Aktuarietidskrift 1926 p. 172; J1. Washington Acad. Sci. 1928 p. 437. been advanced to the point at which it becomes applicable to Kurtz's data. The requisite analysis is, as a matter of fact, readily conducted by methods very similar to those applicable to certain problems of population growth and structure, which indeed closely resemble the problem of industrial replacement. ³ F. R. Sharpe and A. J. Lotka, A Problem in Age Distribution, Phil. Mag. April 1911 p. 435; A. J. Lotka, The Progeny of a Population Element, American Journal of Hygiene, 1928, vol. 8, p. 875; idem The Spread of Generations, Human Biology, 1929, vol. 1, p. 305.      

Matching Severance Payments with Worker Losses in the Egyptian Public Sector

Severance pay programs can reduce political opposition and minimizethe social costs of labor redundancies. In Egypt, only voluntaryprograms are feasible because legal limitations preclude layoffsand strong organized labor groups oppose any weakening of jobsecurity protections. A common problem with voluntary severanceprograms, however, is that they tend to overpay workers relativeto the welfare losses they experience from displacement. This article estimates the losses that public sector workerswould incur if they were displaced from their jobs and simulatesseveral voluntary severance schemes to determine how well theschemes match compensation payments to these estimated losses.It provides a fairly strong argument for looking at the structureof opportunity costs and wage profiles when designing severanceprograms. It shows that significant overpayment can be avoidedby matching compensation payments to the expected losses ofworkers. It also provides a method for estimating these lossesfrom standard labor force surveys that are available in mostcountries.     

金融危机下反思农民工社会保险制度的完善——农民工返乡潮引发的思考

全球经济动荡,中国经济面临挑战,建立和完善社会保障体系更具有特殊的意义。农民工已经成为中国产业工人的重要组成部分,为城市创造了巨大的社会效益和经济效益,但农民工的社会保障问题却不容乐观。当前,建立和完善农民工社会保险体系不仅是维护农民工生存权与发展权的需要,是和谐社会建设的一项重要内容,而且是市场机制的重要组成部分。因此,正视农民工返乡潮问题,采取有效措施,完善我国农民工社会保险制度,应当成为政府和社会各界关注的焦点。     

The replacement problem

A prototypical vintage capital model of economic growth is developed, where the decision to replace old technologies with new ones is modeled explicitly. Technological change is investment specific. Depreciation in this environment is an economic, not a physical, concept. The vintage capital economy's balanced-growth paths and transitional dynamics are analyzed. The transitional dynamics are markedly different from the standard neoclassical growth model.     

Mandatory Worker Representation on the Board and Its Effect on Shareholder Wealth

Several countries legally mandate representation of workers on boards of directors. The evidence on the shareholder wealth effects of such a corporate governance design is mixed. I examine abnormal announcement returns around major milestones leading to the passing of the German Codetermination Act in 1976. I find that news about the act causes an average decline in the equity value of firms that are certain to have been affected by the new law of up to 1.5% relative to the control firms. Firms close to the regulatory threshold of 2,000 employees remain unaffected implying an expectation of avoiding compliance.     

Loss Reduction Through Worker Satisfaction: The Case of Workers’ Compensation

A prospective study of occupational low back pain (LBP) indicates loss reduction efforts in workers’ compensation that improve workers satisfaction with the treatment of their claim significantly improves levels of recovery (reduces losses) and lowers workers’ compensation insurance costs. The improved outcomes associated with greater worker satisfaction with the firm's treatment of their injury claim, as well as with the treatment from their health care provider, are robust to five alternative measures of back problems, including leg pain and back pain scales, measures of functional limitation, and quality of life scales. Satisfaction with effectiveness of the health care is more important in recovery than satisfaction with the provider's bedside manner. While satisfaction with health care provider significantly improves back pain and functionality at 6 months, satisfaction with the employer's treatment of the claim is equally important at 6 months and grows in quantitative importance at 1 year. Overall, higher satisfaction with claim treatment reduces the likelihood that an injury becomes an indemnity claim and results in almost a 30 percent reduction in claim costs.     

Automobile replacement: a dynamic structural approach

This article specifies and estimates a structural dynamic model of consumer demand for new and used durable goods. Its primary contribution is to provide an explicit estimation procedure for transaction costs. Identification of transaction costs is achieved from the variation in the share of consumers choosing to hold a given car type each period, and from the share of consumers choosing to purchase the same car type that period. Specifically, I estimate a random‐coefficient discrete‐choice model that incorporates a dynamic optimal stopping problem. I apply this model to evaluate the impact of scrappage subsidies on the Italian automobile market.     

企业层对知识员工的激励—知识员工报酬机制设计

随着知识经济时代的来临,知识员工成为企业生存最具价值的资本之一。企业激励对象的角色和地位发生了质的变化与发展,探寻真正适合于知识员工的激励机制显得尤为迫切。本文主要针对企业层对知识员工激励这一问题进行探讨,研究了知识员工的报酬机制设计,运用委托——代理理论设计了一个团队剩余价值分配模型,并以此为基础对影响激励强度的因素进行了讨论,得出了兼具理论意义和现实意义的结论。     

Market reaction to the 1976 replacement cost disclosures

A variety of tests are conducted to determine whether replacement cost disclosures as mandated by the Securities and Exchange Commission's Accounting Series Release 190 provided information to capital market agents. In particular, the fiscal year 1976 disclosures made in early 1977 are examined. Information content is assessed by observing distributions of rates of return on common stocks. These distributions are estimated using both time series and cross-sectional data. No evidence of information content is found.     

The incremental information content of replacement cost earnings

The study explores the incremental explanatory power of replacement cost earnings variables (derived from ASR 190 data) with respect to explaining cross sectional differences in security returns. As such, the study is a natural extension of previous research, including analyses of the effect of security returns of ASR 190 data at the time of disclosure, investigations of cross sectional relationships between security returns and historical cost earnings, and studies of multiple signals. The basic finding is that pre-holding gain net income provides no incremental explanatory powerm given knowledge of historical cost earnings. However, the converse does not hold. Taken together, the findings are consistent with the contention that pre-holding gain net income is a garbled version of historical cost earnings. The basic finding is robust under several extensions of the initial research design. The research design incorporates a two-stage approach which permits a determination of the incremental explanatory power of collinear variables. The findings are in contrast to those of a previous study by Easman et al. (1979). The nature of the difference in research design inducing the difference is identified. Potential reasons for the difference in findings are provided.     

Assessing the Social Impact of Corporations: Evidence from Management Control Interventions in the Supply Chain to Increase Worker Wages

This study examines an initiative by a large multinational garment retailer (H&M Group) to increase wages at its supplier factories by intervening in their wage-related management practices. Difference-in-differences estimates based on eight years of data from over 1,800 factories show that the interventions were associated with an average real wage increase of approximately 5% by the third year of implementation. Our estimates suggest that the intervention-associated wage increase was many times greater than if the retailer's cost for the program was instead paid directly to affected workers. We find that the wage effects were driven by factories with relatively poorer supplier ratings and do not find significantly different wage effects depending on the presence of trade unions. We also examine several nonwage outcomes such as factory orders, supplier price competitiveness, overtime pay, and total employment to probe the mechanisms underlying the wage increases. These findings offer new evidence on corporate social impact in global supply chains.