外商在华直接投资的区位因素分析——基于北京外商投资企业的典型调查研究

外商直接投资的区位问题是当前理论和实际工作者关心的热点问题之一,文章通过对北京81家外资企业的问卷调查,分析了外商在华直接投资的区位因素,发现市场规模、市场增长、政治和经济稳定是影响外商在华直接投资的最重要因素;劳动力成本、劳工素质、仿效或领先竞争对手也是吸引外商投资的重要因素;产品运输成本和基础设施也在外商的投资区位选择中占有一席之地;而政府的激励措施(包括税收优惠)在外商的投资驱动中并不占有十分重要的地位。     

技术进步、研发投入与外商直接投资的区位选择

本文从理论和实证分析的角度探讨了技术进步、研发投入和外商直接投资的关系。结果显示,中国各地区技术进步率、相对技术效率水平以及研发投入水平的提高,都有助于吸引更多外商直接投资的进入。新兴的研发和技术因素逐渐取代基础设施、交通运输条件等传统因素,成为外商在华直接投资区位选择的主要决定因素。据此本文认为,对于外资利用不足的中西部地区而言,应通过加大研发投入、培养区域自主创新能力、着力提高本地区的相对技术效率水平、加快推进本地区的技术进步幅度,以提高本地区对外商直接投资的吸引效应。     

FDI在中国的区位选择：1992～2005

采用中国8大外商直接投资(FDI)主要接受地区1992～2005年相关数据,分析FDI区位选择因素以及地区间FDI的竞争问题。结果表明,劳动生产力、产业集聚、教育投入在两层含义上对外商直接投资的区位选择的影响具有显著性;而工资水平、单位劳动成本仅在第一层含义上具有显著影响,在地区间对FDI吸引的竞争含义上影响不显著;另外,市场规模、基础设施在两层含义上对外商直接投资的区位选择影响皆不明显。     

杭州市产业集聚和外商直接投资互动关系研究

本文以杭州市为例对外商直接投资在区域产业集聚形成的作用以及产业集聚对外商直接投资区位选择的影响进行了实证分析,研究结果表明,外商直接投资和产业集聚两者之间存在明显的相关关系,相辅相成;同时,产业集聚的形成和外商直接投资的区位选择还受到其他多种因素的影响。     

外商直接投资中国零售行业的区位因素分析

由于WTO承诺的履行,中国零售业市场呈现出全面开放的格局.外商投资零售企业主要聚集在中国东部地区的一线城市,并开始向其他地区扩张.文章选取了零售市场规模、地区经济发展水平、外商投资聚集效应、基础设施建设等因素,采用了面板数据模型的方法对零售行业中外商投资的区位因素进行分析.研究发现在零售行业中,影响外商直接投资的重要因素为地区的个人收入、零售市场发展规模,此外基础设施的完善程度也会影响外商投资.     

中国对外承包工程投资区位的决定因素——基于“亚非拉”国家的经验研究

本文以56个亚非拉国家为样本,通过建立面板数据回归方程,分别从东道国市场规模和经济增长、东道国基础设施和资源、东道国治理基础3个层面分析其对中国对外承包工程投资区位选择的影响。回归结果显示,东道国市场规模、经济增长速度、能源消耗、劳动力资源、市场法治程度、政府效率和双边贸易关系与中国对外承包工程投资之间存在显著正相关关系,是影响中国对外承包工程投资区位的重要决定因素。而东道国基础设施情况对中国对外承包工程投资区位选择的影响缺乏显著性。     

FDI投资区位的决定因素的实证研究——来自中国对外直接投资的经验数据

选取35个国家2001—2008年间的面板数据,以东道国市场、双边贸易、东道国劳动力成本以及教育水平等指标,采用固定效应分析方法对我国对外直接投资区位选择的决定因素进行实证检验。结论表明：我国对外直接投资区位选择受东道国市场规模的影响显著,但两者呈负向相关,即东道国市场规模越大,我国对其投资越少;同时,我国对出口及东道国的成人识字率也较为敏感。出口于东道国的贸易额度越大,东道国的成人识字率越高,我国对其直接投资就越多;东道国的工资水平与我国呈负弹性关系,东道国工资水平越高,我国对其直接投资就越少。     

外商在京津冀直接投资的诱因分析

近年来外商对京津冀地区的直接投资不断增长,本文选取1984～2003年这三个地区外商直接投资的历史数据,建立PanelDate模型,对京津冀地区吸引FDI的原因作了一个实证分析。分析表明,该地区的集聚效应、市场规模、基础设施水平、劳动力成本对外商直接投资均有显著的影响。     

外商直接投资和产业集聚——基于广东地区的实证分析

本文从广东省21个市的外商直接投资和产业集聚情况出发,从两个方面分析了外商直接投资与产业集聚之间的关系。从统计和理论分析角度证明外商直接投资对产业集聚有促进作用。又通过实证分析证明产业集聚对外商直接投资有强大的吸引力。同时指出基础设施建设、房地产价格、开放度、投资区位的距离都是外商直接投资进入广东省考虑的区位因素。从而指出利用外商直接投资培育相关产业集群,协助广东省实现腾龙换鸟。     

治理环境好的地区会吸引更多的外商直接投资吗?

迄今为止,关于中国外商直接投资区位选择的文献忽视了治理环境的重要作用.本文运用1992-2004年省级面板数据,采用工具变量方法检验了治理环境对外商直接投资区位选择的影响.研究发现,政府干预程度上升、腐败程度上升和政府规模扩大会抑制外商直接投资的流入.因此,改善治理环境将会吸引更多的外商直接投资,这对于保持稳定的经济增长和缩小地区差距也具有重要的启示意义.     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.     

我国发展天文旅游的条件、前景探析及策略思考

天文旅游资源从成因可以分为行星地球天文旅游资源、天体天文旅游资源和天文文化旅游资源三类。天文旅游方兴未艾,我国天文旅游具有很大发展前景。文章对我国开展天文旅游的条件进行了分析,对发展天文旅游的策略和措施进行了梳理。     

城市社会的开放与农民的城市化

城市社会在对农民的开放与封闭之中徘徊。改革开放后城市社会对农民的开放已经使很多农民城市化。城市社会对农民的封闭已由政策性封闭转向经济性封闭。城市社会对农民的封闭增加了农民城市化的成本和社会风险。必须加强城市社会对农民的开放,逐步消除对农民的封闭政策,以推进农民的城市化。     

信息化时代商学院图书馆的建设与发展——中、美四大名校商学院图书馆建设的比较与启示

信息化时代中美商学院图书馆的建设与发展,成为当今时代高等商学教育发展与进步的一个重要环节,对中美四大商学院图书馆的发展状况、差距进行分析比较,对促进我国商学院图书馆事业的改革、建设和发展具有一定的启示作用和参考价值。