论长江上游生态屏障构建

生态环境建设已经被明确确立为实施西部大开发战略的根本和切入点。长江上游位处我国西部内陆 ,其生态建设与保护状态直接影响着整个流域乃至全国经济、社会的可持续发展。为确保我国有效实施可持续发展国策 ,配合实施西部大开发战略 ,必须积极调整长江地区经济结构 ,构建长江上游生态屏障。1 长江上游生态环境现状长江从源头到湖北宜昌为上游段 ,长 4 5 1 1公里 ,占长江全长的 70 %。上游干流流经青海、西藏、云南、四川、重庆、湖北 6省 (区、市 ) ,支流布及甘肃、陕西、贵州 3省 ,共涉及 9个省 (区、市 )的 34 8个县 ,流域面积1 0 5 4平…     

基于雄安新区浅谈大清河系河道治理整顿工作

雄安新区的设立是中国的千年大计,其地理位置紧邻白洋淀,位于大清河流域的范围内。雄安新区目的是要打造成优美生态环境,构建蓝绿交织、清新明亮、水城共融的生态城市,其开发建设必然要以保护和修复白洋淀生态功能为前提,而白洋淀生态修复同样离不开整个流域的生态环境改善。要从改善华北平原生态环境全局着眼,将白洋淀流域生态修复作为一项重大工程进行开展的话,那么首先开展的应该是对大清河系的河道治理整顿工作。     

西部退耕还林(草)现状分析及税收对策

西部地区生态环境日趋恶化,由于土地沙漠化导致西部生态平衡的严重失调、草原生产能力下降。为保护西部环境,党中央国务院提出了"西部开发,生态先行"战略决策。把生态环境建设作为西部大开发的根本点和切入点,提高到了西部大开发的基础地位这个战略高度。经过多年的退耕还林(草)试点,西部环境有所改善,但是依然存在一些亟待解决的问题,其中生态环境保护方面的各种政策必须加强,特别是生态税收亟待完善。本文通过对西部退耕还林(草)的现状分析,提出了若干宏观和税收对策建议。     

新世纪衢州市森林资源经营的思考

衢州市地处浙江西部,是浙江“母亲河”钱塘江的源头,保护和发展衢州市森林资源,不仅关系我市生态环境和林业经济的发展,而且对整个钱江流域乃至周边区域的生态环境和经济的可持续发展都将产生深远的影响。为此,要根据国家林业局局长周生贤提出的新时期林业建设五大转变的思想,切实抓好衢州市的保护和发展森林资源工作,促进林业的发展,为衢州市经济社会可持续发展作出应有的贡献。     

新安江流域生态补偿协议法治化探索

我国流域众多、物产丰富,随着流域生态资源的使用量增加,跨区域水资源变少和变差的问题日益突出,且现今我国生态治理以行政区域划分,而水资源往往跨越行政区域。为了有效保护流域生态环境,安徽省政府与浙江省政府签订新安江流域生态补偿协议,有效解决了流域内生态补偿问题,但是该协议的法律地位不明确。对该协议法律地位进行了研究,从而为新安江流域生态补偿协议的完善提供助力。     

“两山”理念指引下东江湖流域生态补偿机制研究

以"绿水青山就是金山银山"的"两山"理念为指引,对东江湖流域生态补偿现状、生态补偿困难和瓶颈展开深入分析,提出相关对策建议。政策层面:(1)加快生态补偿立法,源头防治生态环境问题;(2)深化财政制度改革,完善财政金融政策;(3)加强跨区域跨部门联系,构建沟通协调联席机制;(4)发挥市场机制作用,建立多元化生态补偿机制。具体思路:(1)科学界定流域生态补偿主体和对象;(2)确定流域补偿的方式和模式;(3)加大流域补偿资金筹措力度;(4)构建流域生态补偿长效机制。     

中国西部农业自然灾害情况、原因与对策（摘）

西部地区是中国生态环境最脆弱的地带,脆弱程度西北更甚于西南。西部地区是我国大江河的源头,是沙尘暴的扬沙源区,西部地区生态环境恶化,不仅影响西部可持续发展,而且影响到全国生态环境和可持续发展。     

林业建设与西部经济发展

从林业建设在西部经济发展中的地位与作用入手 ,研究当前西部存在的一系列生态、环境问题 ,并结合当前国家对林业和生态环境建设采取的政策 ,提出了进一步搞好西部经济设的对策和措施。     

西部生态移民问题及中东部地区在其中的作用

生态环境建设是西部大开发的重要组成部分.如何搞好西部生态环境建设,学者们仁者见仁,智者见智,从技术和政策层面提出了许多观点.本文试图以西部农牧民"越穷越垦,越垦越穷"之恶性循环的内在逻辑和西部生态环境建设与中东部地区的关系为切入点,探讨中东部地区在西部生态移民中的作用,以期促进西部生态环境的建设.     

论西部内陆河流域土地资源科学管理的首要任务--以河西走廊地区为例

我国内陆河流域约占全国面积的三分之一, 全位于西部地区 ,生态环境严酷独特。本文以甘肃省河西走廊地区为例,提出土地资源开发与生态环境管理的任务是：制订内陆河流域水土资源综合平衡的长期战略目标, 建立各流域内水土资源时空分配利用体制与机制;从体制上保证对土地质量与数量的同步监测管理;优化土地利用结构和强化用途管制,扭转山区水源涵养功能区与绿洲生态保护带萎缩的趋势;抓紧落实土地生态环境的再造工程。     

国土资源与可持续发展

今天 ,我向大家介绍一下我国国土资源的有关情况 ,并与大家一起学习中央关于国土资源管理的重要指示精神。我的介绍分为三个部分 :一是对国土资源重要地位和作用的认识 ;二是对国土资源面临严峻形势的分析 ;三是保护和合理利用国土资源的对策。一、国土资源的重要地位和作用自然资源包括土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源、水资源、森林资源、草原资源、生物资源、气候资源、能源资源及自然景观旅游资源等十多种。社会生产离不开资源 ,无论生产创造的财富属于哪一个门类 ,其起始点都必定是自然资源。任何一个国家 ,其经济发展的规模、速度以及稳…     

国土资源科技进步与可持续发展

本文探讨了国土资源科技进步与可持续发展的关系 ,科技进步实现我国现阶段可持续发展的途径 ,对可持续发展的未来进行了展望 ,并提出了若干结论和建议。     

保障抗震救灾粮油质量安全的实践与体会

<正>"5·12"特大地震,给四川省粮食系统造成了重大人员伤亡和巨额经济损失,全省21个市州、148个县(市、区)、618个企业遭受了不同程度的破坏和损失,造成的直接和间接经济损失达到140亿     

江苏省地质环境管理改革发展的目标与路径

江苏省现阶段的主要地质环境问题是由自然因素和人为因素造成和引发的。多年来,江苏省地质环境管理取得了很大成绩,但也存在不少问题。新时期加强地质环境管理要根据江苏省的实际,不断深化认识,健全法制,明确责任,突出重点,拓宽地质环境管理思路;要从政府、企业和社会三方面着手,构建保障社会科学发展的地质环境管理新机制,全面推进地质环境管理改革,为江苏省现代化建设"两个率先"的宏伟目标服务。     

Similarities and dissimilarities between the EU agricultural and rural development model and Romanian agriculture. Challenges and perspectives

The main aims of this study are to highlight the differences and the similarities between the European model of agricultural and rural development, and the state of play in the Romanian agricultural sector. Statistically speaking, the agricultural sector's indicators of the past two decades place Romania outside the family picture of the EU countries, with very slight resemblances, and very strong discrepancies between their economic, technical, and institutional characteristics. At present, competition-wise, farming and farmers in Romania are still strongly disfavoured in relation to their competitors in the old EU Member States. In Romania, the economic and institutional mechanisms have most often been devised to the disadvantage of agricultural production, by claiming that subsistence farming would be the sustainable way, and by channelling the added value to other sectors. An option to continue the agricultural policies of the past decades and to abandon the national support lent to agriculture would be particularly risky through its unpredictable and incalculable social and economic effects.     

Land use planning and health and well-being

This paper is concerned with the relationship between the planning of settlements and health. It gives a brief introduction to the issues before summarising the evidence in relation to a range of topics, concluding with some more speculative thoughts on likely future findings.Modern planning was invented in response to inhumane living conditions in 19th century cities. But in the last century the connection was lost. Only now, with concerns over climate change and obesity, is there beginning to be the realisation that the physical environment is an important determinant of health.The paper uses a particular model of this relationship based on eco-system and health determinants theories to structure the review of evidence. The review covers: lifestyle choices in relation to physical activity and diet, mental well-being and community, the local economy and income, health inequalities and strategic land use transport planning, pollution and urban form, and finally impacts on global ecology.There is now a growing consensus that while personal factors are critical in determining health, the urban environment exacerbates or mitigates health and well-being outcomes.The level of active travel (walking and cycling) and outdoor recreational activity is strongly affected by accessibility to local facilities. Access to green, natural environments, and to local social networks, are factors in mental well-being. The wider sub-regional pattern of housing, economic development, land use and transport is a determinant of social exclusion and therefore health inequalities. It also affects health-damaging pollution, adaptability in the face of climate change and the level of carbon dioxide emissions.We have literally been building unhealthy conditions into many of our towns and cities. But comparisons with the best cities in Europe indicate that it is possible to reverse the less desirable trends. Success depends, however, on more radical policies of local authority control over land and finance than any political party has yet advocated. It also requires collaboration between the full range of powerful public and private organizations that influence the built environment.Future research is likely to further strengthen these conclusions. It will become much more obvious that planning for health and well-being is not only the NHS, but about creating a health-promoting physical, social and economic environment.