An economic analysis of fertility

Summary In this article, the results of an empirical application for ten countries of Willis' economic theory of fertility are presented. In a further analysis for The Netherlands the model developed by Willis is confronted with some alternative models. It is concluded that among the models considered the Willis model is the most satisfactory one. However, in conformity with Leibenstein's propostition that economic factors are only relevant with respect to the question whether parents want more than two children, Willis' model proves to offer only an explanation for the question whether a married couple which has already two children wants to have a third child.He is indebted to Mr. F. Aldewereld and Mr. L.F.M. Groot for computational assistance and to Mr. T.J.J. Doodeman, Mrs. Y.K. Grift and Mr. J.J. Schippers for their comments on an earlier draft of this article.     

马来西亚经济形势分析

本文通过分析马来西亚经济状况、发展措施、面临的主要问题,认为马来西亚经济已经复苏,发展知识经济的策略对经济长远发展也很有意义,但在刺激国内工商活动、恢复外资信心、减少外部制约和防范金融危机等问题上,似乎绩效有限,这将使马来西亚的经济发展面对许多不确定因素。     

Export performance and economic growth causality: An empirical analysis

The cointegration and causal relationship between export growth and economic growth is investigated for the Nordic economies. On the basis of Johansen's technique and the augmented Granger causality tests, the evidence shows that these macroeconomic aggregates are causally related in the long run for each economy. Granger causality is unidirectional, running from economic growth to export growth in Denmark, and bidirectional in Finland, Norway, and Sweden. The established bidirectional causality suggests that the expansion of exports is an integral part of the economic growth process.     

An economic analysis of transplant organs: A comment and extension

The recent paper by B-R should be applauded for bringing to light an extremely important and controversial public policy issue. The authors of this note have been students of antitrust, regulation, and related microeconomic policy issues for over fifteen years. Yet, they can safely say that they have never encountered a single policy that is more at odds with the public welfare than is the current organ procurement policy. As economists, it is easy to describe and analyze the tremendous inefficiencies, waste, and market distortions created by the current altruistic system. But as human beings, they authors are incensed at the unnecessary suffering and loss of life that is caused by the current policy and is so poorly revealed in formal diagrams. Hopefully, B-R's paper, along with this corrective note, will help to spawn a more rational public policy toward cadaveric organ procurement.     

国际贸易中的经济民族主义因素解析

经济民族主义是国际贸易进程中的必然现象,可具体表现为理性与非理性两种形态,因而对贸易当事国的反作用也有所差异。面对经济民族主义、尤其是非理性经济民族主义日益强盛的影响力,贸易相对国必须根据其不同的表现形态采取相应的应对措施,以保障本国对外贸易的健康发展。     

An economic analysis of factors influencing rural‐urban migration in southern Africa

Rural‐urban migration is a serious problem being encountered by developing countries, including South Africa. A single‐equation model is formulated to test hypotheses concerning the determinants, namely personal and household characteristics, of the decision by household heads in Ciskei to migrate. The migration model was expressed as a dichotomous ordered‐response model using logistic regression. The results suggest that the personal characteristics of the household heads had a bearing on the probability of migration. The coefficients of the household characteristics, with the exception of the number of adults in the household, were found to have a statistically weak association with the decision to migrate.     

WTO《农产品协议》达成的经济动因及其政策效应

本文运用局部均衡分析和博弈论的工具，对WTO《农产品协议》达成背后的经济动因和其政策效应进行分析，得出的结论是：贸易保护下的农产品贸易利益分配不均和农产品贸易“囚徒困境”是促使《农产品协议》达成的主要原因。文章接着分析了现行《农产品协议》明显存在的一些不足之处及其对各成员国国内政策调整的影响。     

新疆经济开放度与经济增长的实证分析

本文通过对新疆经济增长与外贸依存度等变量之间协整关系分析 ,指出了外贸依存度是新疆经济增长的因 ,对外贸易对新疆经济增长的推动作用十分明显。而新疆对中亚五国外贸依存度、外资依存度则不是新疆经济增长的因 ,要将新疆建成我国西部国际商贸中心 ,必须防止通道经济和贸易空洞化 ,必须加大吸引外资的力度。     

公司治理机制的经济学分析

企业的性质 在新古典经济学理论中，企业被看作是一个“寻求利益最大化”的“黑箱”，作为众多同质的原子简单地存在于经济分析中。正是这样众多的假定构建起了主流经济学理论超乎完美的均衡模型。     

经济全球化的系统分析

世界经济是一个非线性系统。这个系统的混沌与无序 ,使经济全球化进程中矛盾重重 ,复杂多变。由于系统中元素的相互作用 ,经济全球化进程中常发生蝴蝶效应。系统中各元素的不对称 ,导致经济全球化进程的不平等、不公平。     

APEC经济技术合作的障碍及对策建议

亚太经济合作组织作为一种区域经济合作形式,自成立以来,发展十分迅速,促进区域内贸易、投资自由化和区域内各成员经济技术合作是推动APEC发展的两个车轮。但是,与贸易、投资自由化的进程相比,经济技术合作的发展却相对滞后。针对APEC经济技术合作进程中的问题,应采取相应对策,加快其发展。