关于公路工程项目资金管理风险与管控策略探究

公路工程项目在最近的经济发展时代当中,发展的速度比较迅猛,公路工程项目的繁荣程度日益见长。在公路工程项目当中,对于建筑企业的资金管理问题应该及时的进行方案的完善,而且在管理的资金方面也应该投入更多的心血,在计划管理的时候应该安排妥当。目前很多地产企业仍然存在一定的资金管理问题。本文从公路工程项目的资金管理存在问题及改进...     

化工装置大检修全过程管控策略

分阶段论述化工装置大检修全过程（两头见产品）的关键重点工作,指出在大检修准备启动阶段、详细规划阶段、执行阶段和总结闭合阶段容易忽略的地方,并提出针对性管控策略。     

建筑经济管理中的资金管控策略

目前,经济发展迅速,经济的发展为我国建筑领域的发展带来了春天,建筑行业发展迅速,但由于建筑企业工程发展费时、费力,并且投入较高,因此加强建筑企业成本控制成为发展中的关键,建筑企业进行经济管理活动的开展已经成为一项不可或缺的内容.经济管理关乎建筑企业工程施工质量的实际发展情况,使建筑经济管理中资金管理发挥出实效性,也是推...     

房地产工程项目全过程成本管控策略

随着经济的不断发展,城市房地产规模不断扩大,原有的成本管控方案已经无法满足现状,为了保证房地产工程项目的经济效益,需要对全过程成本管控方案进行完善.本文分析房地产工程项目全过程成本管控主要存在的问题,并提出有效的策略,革新原有的成本管控机制,提高全过程成本管控效率,促进房地产企业的可持续发展.     

长输管道工程项目进度管控研究

工程进度管控是项目建设管控控制的重要组成部分,是确保工程项目按期完成的重要措施。文章结合参与京津冀某长输管道工程进度管控工作的实践,论述长输管道工程乃至大型基建工程建设过程中影响工程进度的问题及进度管控措施,为长输管道工程建设提供借鉴和参考。     

建筑工程项目管理中的施工现场管控的优化研究

随着人们物质条件逐渐的丰富,对建筑的质量要求也越来越高,在这样的形势下建筑业想要实现持续发展的目标,就应当在建筑工程实施的过程当中重视对现场施工的管理工作,从而促进施工人员,专业技术以及施工进度整体效果提升,避免在建筑工程施工过程当中存在安全隐患.不仅如此,良好的施工现场管理还可以减少施工单位的成本支出,促进施工单位整...     

央企海外项目管控模式研究

根据央企海外项目的投资决策层级、海外项目法人治理结构及其特点,提出了中方行政管理线、联合公司法人治理线管控,以及驻在国政府合法性检查、各类合规性审计、央企内部党内监督巡视的“两条线管控、三种方式监督”海外项目的管控模式.认为海外项目管控模式的思路可以扩展到国内混合所有制企业管控模式.并以某央企为例,分析了当前央企海外项目管理中存在的突出矛盾和问题,提出了央企海外项目管控的优化建议以及在国家层面对加强海外项目投资决策管理的建议.     

Qualitative aspects of the evaluation and control of research and development projects

Decisions in research and development are usually based on a variety of data inputs. Some of these will be concerned with the returns offered by projects in money terms. Others will relate to more qualitative aspects of research work such as, perhaps, the establishment of a base in a new area of technology or the achievement of a stronger market position. This paper describes and illustrates how checklists may be used to assemble qualitative data for purposes of decision. These were formulated in an industrial R & D laboratory and the illustrative examples in the text make reference to real projects. The checklists described are an integral part of a comprehensive system of project evaluation and control in R & D which includes an analysis of the financial implications using net present value or discounted cash flow rate of return of the project risk, analysis and sensitivity tests. The detail of this part of the scheme is conventional and is therefore omitted from the paper.     

The theory and practice of workload control: A research agenda and implementation strategy

The Workload Control (WLC) concept is one of few Production Planning and Control (PPC) solutions appropriate for Make-To-Order (MTO) companies yet its successful implementation is an enduring challenge. Most implementations reported are in large organisations yet it has been argued that WLC is particularly suitable for Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) with limited financial resources. Moreover, previous studies do not adequately describe the process through which implementation success was achieved. In this paper, data collected through semi-structured face-to-face interviews with key personnel from 41 companies is presented in order to build up a body of evidence on the characteristics of MTO SMEs that affect WLC implementation. The data paints a complex picture of MTO production and suggests that research is likely to be required to move theory closer to practice and organisational change to move practice closer to theory. The former is recommended where processes perform well or appear difficult to change; the latter is recommended where fundamental WLC principles are involved. Two outputs emerge from the study: (1) a research agenda for refining the WLC concept to improve alignment between theory and practice, covering the customer enquiry, order entry, design and engineering and order release stages; and (2) an implementation strategy, including elements of organisational change and covering pre-implementation, implementation and post-implementation stages. The characteristics of MTO SMEs identified should be used in future research to develop more realistic simulations for testing conceptual refinements while field research should apply and extend the implementation strategy presented in order to develop a more detailed roadmap for successful WLC implementation in practice.     

The use of slip charts to review research projects

Three years’ experience with this method of review has produced improvements in communications and established a framework within which scarce resources can be optimized and a five-year rolling programme pursued. The use of slip charts to monitor and progress research projects at the Electricity Council Research Centre is described.     

Investigating differences among research projects and implications for managers

As research and innovation have become central to the economy, the challenge of managing these activities has taken on greater importance. Studies have focused on the impact of organizational variables on research activities, such as work environment, human resource factors, and managerial practices. But little attention has been paid to the effect of differences among types of research projects. While the notion that differences exist among research projects is acknowledged, particularly in the research & development portfolio literature, there have been relatively few studies into the dimensions by which research projects, and needs of project team members, differ. Further, there is little recognition that these differences translate into the need for different research project management practices. The objective of this paper is to investigate differences among research projects along three dimensions, amount of funding, complexity of project teams, and research orientation. These dimensions are selected because of their central theoretical importance in the organizational literature, as well as posing a number of different challenges for research management. This study looked at 18 research projects at a national laboratory and analyzed the responses of project members to a comprehensive research environment survey conducted in 2001. The results of the analysis indicate that there are significant differences between types of projects along three dimensions and suggest ways that research performance can be improved through management intervention.     

The case for a real options approach to ex-ante cost-benefit analyses of agricultural research projects

The United States Agency for International Development (USAID), like many other development agencies and donors, increasingly emphasizes evidence-based programming. This requires assessments of project performance at all stages of implementation, comprising ex-ante impact assessment, monitoring and evaluation, and ex-post attribution of outcomes. Ex-ante impact assessment, in particular, involves performing Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) to determine the Expected Net Present Value (ENPV) of the project in question. Unfortunately, the traditional ENPV approach has proven inadequate for dealing with uncertainty in the timing of investments and flexibility in future decision making. This is especially relevant for Research and Development (R&D) projects which require several stages of product development and multiple rounds of testing prior to releasing final products. As a consequence, the real-options approach to CBA has increasingly been used to evaluate private sector R&D projects. This paper advocates for the adoption of the real options approach in the evaluation of public investments in agricultural research, and illustrates its practical utility with an assessment conducted by USAID to determine the economic viability of a proposed project to develop improved varieties of critical food security crops in Uganda.     

浅谈大型建设工程施工总平面设计

简单介绍了关于大型建设工程施工总平面设计的国内外研究现状。根据大型建设工程施工总平面的概念及特点,将其看作一个系统,采用系统工程学理论和价值工程学原理,结合专家评分法,对大型建设工程施工总平面设计方法进行了分析。以安徽凤台电厂一期工程为例,并进行了实例分析,证明了所提出的大型建设工程施工总平面设计方法是比较系统而合理的,具有一定的可操作性,可以应用于大型建设工程施工。     

Evaluating growth options as sources of value for pharmaceutical research projects

The financial value of research projects is difficult to assess because they are highly uncertain. Often, the result is either an overly conservative approach to strategic innovation, based on net present value analyses, or an overly aggressive approach based on optimistic qualitative portfolios. R&D project evaluation requires recognizing threats as well as opportunities from uncertain events, and incorporating flexibility in managerial action in response to them. Real options pricing analysis is a widely discussed tool for evaluating such managerial flexibility. The limitation of options pricing lies in its requirement for complete financial markets, in which a replicating asset can be found that reproduces (or, at least, is correlated with) the project’s payoffs in all possible states of the world. However, the major risks of research projects are typically project specific and cannot be replicated in external markets. In this situation, a decision tree is a better tool to represent managerial options during execution of the project, and to evaluate its value. A decision tree is equivalent to options pricing for risks that can be priced in the financial markets (if trading of securities is explicitly included), and moreover, it can incorporate risks and flexibility that are not traded in financial markets. Using decision trees, we demonstrate a quantitative evaluation of compound growth options from research at BestPharma, a large international pharmaceutical company. A growth option is a future opportunity that may arise from a current R&D investment. The growth option may not be related to the primary purpose of the R&D project, or not even be directly foreseeable. Kester (1984) has argued that growth options may account for a large part of project value. BestPharma faced the problem of choosing among several strategic research initiatives. They developed a decision tree representation of the projects, which helped to provide transparency about project value and strategic options. Most importantly, carefully thinking through the tree helped to identify growth options, represented by additional branches in the tree, and to quantify that they represented major sources of value.     

论工程公司总承包项目的综合控制

运用系统工程学原理并结合国内外大型工程建设总承包的实践，初步论述在工程公司总包项目中，必须对项目进行综合控制，并对综合控制作理论推断；同时概述了国际惯用的控制方法。