大数据系统实施对企业绩效影响的实证研究

以66家实施了大数据系统的上市企业为样本对象,通过t检验和Wilcoxon秩和检验,分析大数据系统实施对企业营运绩效和盈利绩效的影响。研究结果表明,在大数据系统实施当年,企业库存周转率和销售净利率不升反降,但在系统实施后1~2年均显著增长;总资产周转率在实施当年和实施后第1年为负增长,而在实施后第2年正向增长但不显著;总资产报酬率在大数据系统实施后2年没有提升。总资产周转率和总资产报酬率在系统实施后2年均未明显提高的原因可能在于,大数据系统实施的巨额成本对企业利润具有分摊效应。     

IT企业的自组织协同机制研究

在网络经济条件下,企业融合是当今IT企业迅速成长的新途径、新模式,它对传统的企业组织理论提出了新的挑战。基于此,以企业融合为纽带,利用系统理论协同学的思想和方法,剖析了IT企业组织结构演变的自组织过程。研究表明,基于融合的IT企业组织系统演变的过程实质是一个动态循环的自组织过程,自组织过程的每个循环体中主要包括耗散结构阶段、协同机制阶段和协同竞争机制阶段。     

Interactions on Job and Employee Effort within Italian Social Cooperatives

The aim of this paper is to analyse, using a standard ordered probit model, the correlates of worker effort within Italian social cooperatives. The main assumption of the paper is that employee effort depends not only on standard variables that explain effort but also on employees’ interpersonal relationships on the job. The analysis adds a new piece of evidence to the extant literature on effort, i.e. the impact of on-the-job interpersonal relationships on effort. The results show that there exists a positive correlation between the quantity and quality of worker relations within the social enterprise with customers, volunteers, colleagues and superiors and effort.     

Business cycles and productivity growth: Are temporary downturns productive or wasteful?

This paper investigates the relationship between the structure of the business cycle and total factor productivity (TFP) growth in U.S. manufacturing. Previous empirical studies on cycle-growth interactions have been conducted at the aggregate level, and have produced mixed results. In contrast, we examine the dynamic linkages between temporary employment shocks and TFP at the industry level, using the NBER Productivity Database. Given the substantial differences in factor intensities, costs and the nature of innovation and productivity-enhancing activities across industries, there are good reasons why cycle-growth interactions may be more readily captured at the sectoral level. We construct an exactly identified Vector Autoregressive model for employment and TFP growth, and find strong support for the “opportunity-cost” view of business cycle-productivity growth interaction. This result suggests that recessions can lead to TFP growth through reorganization and restructuring effects. On the other hand, we find little support for the notion that temporary booms increase TFP through “learning-by-doing” effects. The responsiveness of TFP to employment shocks also seems to be related to the degree of job reallocation within individual industries and the capital intensity of the industry in question. This is further evidence in favour of the view that employment shocks can trigger reorganization effects. Finally, we suggest possible future avenues for this research, including the adjustment of TFP measures to allow for variable factor utilization over the cycle.     

The healthcare rationing debate: more clarity by separating the issues?

Summary

The rationing debate is often confused by dealing with several different issues concurrently. This paper introduces a typology and matrix that separate two of the most important of these issues: the transparency of the debate and the mode of rationing itself. The transparency of the debate is the need to think about how to deal with the following political issue: should the rationing of medical care happen tacitly and be left to the parties involved (implicit), or should it be open to public scrutiny and debate (explicit)? At the same time (but to be examined independently) there is the mode of rationing: how are the responsible parties to develop ways of allocating scarce resources? This can be achieved either implicitly, e.g. via clinical bedside reasoning, or explicitly, i.e. openly with the aid of rigorously developed and tested algorithms. Thinking about these issues separately may help to bring more clarity to the rationing debate. This paper also discusses some implications resulting from such a separation.     

The impact of IT investment on firm performance in China: An empirical investigation of the Chinese electronics industry

Over the past three decades, the impact of information technology (IT) investments on firm performance has been the subject of active research. Although many studies have shown positive and significant benefits derived from IT investment, the findings of almost all these studies are based on data collected in developed countries. Few studies have been conducted to validate these results and to determine whether or not they are still applicable in developing countries. This study tries to investigate the effects of IT investment on firm financial performance in the electronics industry of China, still classified as a developing country, and compare it with the United States. Findings show that IT investment has a positive impact on firm performance in China. Moreover, the impact in China is not different from what occurred in the United States in terms of direction and the size against the assertion of previous studies and expectations.     

海峡西岸经济区旅游业发展空间差异与协调发展机制研究

区域旅游资源禀赋导致了旅游业发展水平差异。海峡西岸经济区涉及城市群众多,空间发展差异明显,这一定程度上影响了区域旅游业以及区域经济一体化进程。区域经济发展差异与协调理论是研究海峡西岸经济区旅游业发展的重要理论基础,能够指导海峡西岸经济区旅游业协调发展。     

岗位廉政教育的几个问题探讨

构建惩治和预防腐败岗位廉政教育体系的基础工程,是新的历史条件下反腐倡廉教育的创新和拓展。通过对岗位廉政教育的基本原则、关键环节和基本特点的探讨,旨在探索党员干部岗位廉政教育的途径,建立一种针对不同岗位、不同对象开展廉政教育的新型教育模式,增强教育的针对性和有效性。     

企业公仆型领导与下属反生产行为关系的实证研究

自从公仆型领导(servant leadership)由Greenleaf(1977)提出后,逐渐成为领导学研究中的前沿研究领域,为研究领导有效性问题提供全新视角,但国内学术界有关公仆型领导的研究文献却凤毛麟角,特别是实证研究极其少见。本研究探讨公仆型领导对下属反生产行为的作用机制,并引入领导-下属关系质量作为二者的中介变量,下属工作丰富度作为调节变量,研究课题具有一定的前瞻性。通过对长沙、深圳、北京、广州这四个城市的一些企业进行调查,收集273份有效问卷,使用SPSS 17.0和AMOS 7.0统计软件,通过基本描述性统计、信度分析、相关分析、回归分析结构方程模型等,主要研究结论有:(1)公仆型领导与下属反生产行为显著负相关,公仆型领导对下属反生产行为有显著预测作用;(2)领导-下属关系质量在公仆型领导与下属反生产行为之间存在着中介作用。(3)下属工作丰富度在公仆型领导与下属反生产行为之间并不存在着调节作用。     

医护人员良好职业素养养成研究

医护人员职业素养对于其自身职业长远发展、切实改善医患关系、形成优良医院企业文化具有重要意义。作为医护人员,要努力提高自己的医术,用精湛的技术帮助病患解除病痛,注重自身外部形象的塑造,以高度的责任心、耐心,细心对待病人及其家属,从而养成良好的职业素养。     

服务型企业国际化经营区域决策研究

随着国际服务贸易的发展,国际投资的重点逐渐由制造业转向了服务业领域。此项研究将结合以往关于区域投资行为的研究成果及世界服务型跨国公司在中国市场投资的区位选择状况,通过研究跨国公司中国服务业的投资区位因素,探讨服务型企业跨国经营时的共同关注点,并以此为借鉴,为我国服务企业国际区位选择提出指引和借鉴。     

土地可持续利用决策模式及基本原则初探

土地可持续利用是实现我国可持续发展战略目标的根本保证,其决策行为必须适应可持续发展的要求。本文针对传统的土地利用决策观念与可持续发展要求之间的矛盾,结合决策学理论和可持续发展准则,对土地可持续利用决策模式及基本原则进行了初步探讨。     

新型城镇化质量与生态环境承载力耦合协调分析——以中部地区为例

结合大地伦理观并从现代经济增长理论的角度理解新型城镇化,以中部地区为研究对象,在测度新型城镇化质量和生态环境承载力指数基础上,运用耦合分析工具,从中部地区整体和域内各省份两个空间尺度以及2010—2016年七个时间节点对中部地区两者的耦合协调状况进行了研究。结果显示:中部地区新型城镇化质量与生态环境承载力耦合程度处在拮抗阶段,且耦合度值近年来处于停滞不前阶段;新型城镇化质量与生态环境承载力耦合协调度水平基本符合“北高南低”的空间分布规律,整体处于中耦合协调阶段;但在区域上存在明显差异,根据耦合协调度、生态环境承载力水平和新型城镇化质量状况可以将中部各省份的耦合格局大致分为三种类型。中部地区生态环境治理任务刻不容缓,需要用可持续发展思维来引领城镇化的进一步发展。     

质量投资模型下的安全食品生产实体决策行为分析

食品生产实体的质量投资决策行为将影响食品市场的质量安全总体水平。本文依据经济学理论,构建了食品生产实体质量投资模型,并进行了案例分析。结果显示：影响食品生产实体做出质量投资决策的因素依次为安全食品价格、企业资本实力、质量投资量、政府支持。     

对购买力平价理论的重新认识——巴拉萨-萨缪尔森命题引起的思考

本文以对巴拉萨-萨缪尔森命题的内涵、性质与国际上对该命题的讨论、检验为基础,重点讨论了巴拉萨-萨缪尔森命题与购买力平价理论中的一些相关概念,探讨了两种理论的矛盾性与一致性.在此基础上本文进一步分析了国际研究存在的对该理论理解上的偏差和现有购买力平价方程存在的不足,给出了可以更好地体现购买力平价思想并符合现实的新的修正方程,并采用相应结论探讨了人民币汇率问题.     

The Experience of Selling Experiences

In the experience economy, working conditions — that is, the experience of work — directly affect both job quality and the quality of the experience produced. We propose an alternative definition of job quality and apply this concept to a qualitative study of casino employees. Pay and benefits are crucial elements of sustainable livelihoods. But building a life also requires time away from the job, good health, and supportive institutions, including employers who treat their workers as human beings with complex lives. A good job reinforces, rather than undermines, a positive sense of identity.