多元回归时间序列方法在货运市场预测中的应用

为了解决制定某地区货运行业发展规划中的区域货运发展规模的分析和预测问题。提出一种以统计数据为依据,为货运行业需求量建立预测模型,并应用SPSS(Statistical Product Service Solution)分析软件,对预测结果进行评估检验的方法。最后以四川货运行业为例,研究预测了四川省今后数年的货运需求量,为四川货运部门进行决策提供一定的科学依据。     

A robust support vector regression model for electric load forecasting

Electric load forecasting is a crucial part of business operations in the energy industry. Various load forecasting methods and techniques have been proposed and tested. With growing concerns about cybersecurity and malicious data manipulations, an emerging topic is to develop robust load forecasting models. In this paper, we propose a robust support vector regression (SVR) model to forecast the electricity demand under data integrity attacks. We first introduce a weight function to calculate the relative importance of each observation in the load history. We then construct a weighted quadratic surface SVR model. Some theoretical properties of the proposed model are derived. Extensive computational experiments are based on the publicly available data from Global Energy Forecasting Competition 2012 and ISO New England. To imitate data integrity attacks, we have deliberately increased or decreased the historical load data. Finally, the computational results demonstrate better accuracy of the proposed robust model over other recently proposed robust models in the load forecasting literature.     

基于BP神经网络的物流需求分析与预测

从宏观角度、经济发展的层面提出了我国物流需求的界定和衡量方法,并利用BP神经网络构建了物流需求预测模型。该模型不仅揭示了经济发展水平与物流需求之间的非线性映射关系,同时也为我国物流基础设施网络规模的确定和物流基础设施网络的规划与布局提供了一种新的思路和方法。     

Dynamic logistic regression and variable selection: Forecasting and contextualizing civil unrest

Civil unrest can range from peaceful protest to violent furor, and researchers are working to monitor, forecast, and assess such events to allocate resources better. Twitter has become a real-time data source for forecasting civil unrest because millions of people use the platform as a social outlet. Daily word counts are used as model features, and predictive terms contextualize the reasons for the protest. To forecast civil unrest and infer the reasons for the protest, we consider the problem of Bayesian variable selection for the dynamic logistic regression model and propose using penalized credible regions to select parameters of the updated state vector. This method avoids the need for shrinkage priors, is scalable to high-dimensional dynamic data, and allows the importance of variables to vary in time as new information becomes available. A substantial improvement in both precision and F1-score using this approach is demonstrated through simulation. Finally, we apply the proposed model fitting and variable selection methodology to the problem of forecasting civil unrest in Latin America. Our dynamic logistic regression approach shows improved accuracy compared to the static approach currently used in event prediction and feature selection.     

基于农村物流需求量的组合预测分析

农村物流需求量的预测对于农村物流的发展有重要意义。文章把农村消费品零售总额作为农村物流需求量预测指标．通过分析各影响因素,建立了多元回归、双指数平滑及移动平均单预测模型。根据得出的单项预测误差数据,采用折扣系数法建立组合预测模型,使得组合预测模型预测误差平方和最小。预测能力明显优于单项预测模型。     

Big data driven cycle time parallel prediction for production planning in wafer manufacturing

Cycle time forecasting (CTF) is one of the most crucial issues for production planning to keep high delivery reliability in semiconductor wafer fabrication systems (SWFS). This paper proposes a novel data-intensive cycle time (CT) prediction system with parallel computing to rapidly forecast the CT of wafer lots with large datasets. First, a density peak based radial basis function network (DP-RBFN) is designed to forecast the CT with the diverse and agglomerative CT data. Second, the network learning method based on a clustering technique is proposed to determine the density peak. Third, a parallel computing approach for network training is proposed in order to speed up the training process with large scaled CT data. Finally, an experiment with respect to SWFS is presented, which demonstrates that the proposed CTF system can not only speed up the training process of the model but also outperform the radial basis function network, the back-propagation-network and multivariate regression methodology based CTF methods in terms of the mean absolute deviation and standard deviation.     

Managerial evaluation of exogenous forecast sources

This paper concerns the managerial evaluation of forecast vendors—individuals or firms offering for sale future forecasts of random variables relevant to managerial decision making. Assuming the forecasts are exogenous in the sense they are generated by a methodology unknown or unproven to management, the paper uses a logistic regression model to present a statistical test for informativeness that allows for an interpretation of the vendor's abilities. The advantage of the approach is that it requires as input only knowledge of the unconditional probability distribution of the variable being forecast and a relatively small historical track record of the vendor's forecasting performance. No benchmark forecast is necessary and few assumptions are required about the statistical process that generates the forecasts. As an illustrative empirical application, the paper presents an evaluation of the informativeness of the published long-range price forecasts by a veteran analyst of the Iowa hog market.     

Forecasting category sales and market share for wireless telephone subscribers: a combined approach

The ability to forecast market share remains a challenge for many managers especially in dynamic markets, such as the telecommunications sector. In order to accommodate the unique dynamic characteristics of the telecommunications market, we use a multi-component model, called MSHARE. Our method involves a two-phase process. The first phase consists of three components: a projection method, a ring down survey methodology and a purchase intentions survey. The predictions from these components are combined to forecast category sales for the wireless subscribers market. In the second phase, market shares for the various brands are generated using the forecast of the number of subscribers that are obtained in Phase 1 and the share predictions from the ring down methodology. The proposed methodology produces the minimum Relative Absolute Error for each market as compared to the forecasts from each individual component in the first phase. The value of the proposed model is illustrated by its application to a real world scenario. The managerial implications of the proposed model are also discussed.     

最优组合预测在四川省人才需求预测中的应用

本文依据相关资料数据,构建灰色GM(1,1)模型和二元线性回归模型,分别对四川省2005-2015年从业人才需求进行预测,然后使用二模型最优组合预测对预测结果进行修正。在此基础上,提出了实现预测目标的策略建议,为四川省人才培养决策提供参考。     

河南农村物流需求的组合预测及策略研究

河南作为农业大省大力发展农村物流对其率先实现中部崛起有着很重要的现实意义,预测河南农村物流需求对于制定发展战略显得尤为重要。文中以河南农村消费品零售总额为河南农村物流需求预测指标,综合一元线性回归、时间序列双指数平滑法、移动平均法,建立组合预测模型,追求预测误差平方和最小,预测出河南农村物流需求呈良性发展趋势,并就进一步发展河南农村物流提出建议。     

CPFR中的联合预测研究

文章研究了联合计划、预测和补货（CPFR）中的联合预测流程,并建立了相关的预测模型。在建模的过程中,使用了状态空间方程来描述实际市场需求和观测到的市场需求（销售量）,并通过卡尔曼滤波来预测零售商下期的销售量．结合零售商库存策略,预测出零售商下期的订单量。     

面向售后服务的汽车备品需求预测研究

根据面向售后服务的汽车备品需求特点的差异,本文将其分为专用配件和通用配件并分别选用不同的预测模型.对专用配件,采用基于时间序列相关的线性回归模型,并运用加权最小二乘法（WLS）估计参数.对通用配件,选用GM（1,1）模型进行需求预测.     

Anticipating special events in Emergency Department forecasting

Accurate daily forecast of Emergency Department (ED) attendance helps roster planners in allocating available resources more effectively and potentially influences staffing. Since special events affect human behaviours, they may increase or decrease the demand for ED services. Therefore, it is crucial to model their impact and use them to forecast future attendance to improve roster planning and avoid reactive strategies. In this paper, we propose, for the first time, a forecasting model to generate both point and probabilistic daily forecast of ED attendance. We model the impact of special events on ED attendance by considering real-life ED data. We benchmark the accuracy of our model against three time-series techniques and a regression model that does not consider special events. We show that the proposed model outperforms its benchmarks across all horizons for both point and probabilistic forecasts. Results also show that our model is more robust with an increasing forecasting horizon. Moreover, we provide evidence on how different types of special events may increase or decrease ED attendance. Our model can easily be adapted for use not only by EDs but also by other health services. It could also be generalised to include more types of special events.     

基于支持向量回归机的物流需求预测模型研究

通过介绍物流需求和支持向量机的基础理论,利用经济与物流需求之间的关系,提出了基于支持向量回归机的物流需求预测模型,给出了构建模型的具体分析步骤,并通过实例详细阐述了模型的应用过程,预测结果验证了模型的可行性和有效性。     

分位数局部调整模型及应用

本文基于分位数的回归理论与方法,提出了一个新的经济计量模型:分位数局部调整模型,并给出了其数学表示、参数估计与预测方法等一整套建模技术。分位数局部调整模型能够细致地给出响应变量在各个分位点上的条件分位数,便于揭示响应变量位置、散布与形状等动态调整过程的全景信息,从而得到比均值局部调整模型更为深刻的结果。最后,将分位数局部调整模型应用于中国货币需求分析,结果显示,在货币需求的不同阶段,不仅调整速度不同,调整方式也呈现出非对称性;M1存在货币失踪之谜现象,而M2却在条件密度第一个最优区域实现了供求均衡;最优货币需求条件密度曲线较为分散,这为央行制定货币政策预留了足够的空间。     

基于BP神经网络与GM(1,1)组合的北京市物流需求预测模型

通过分析影响北京市物流需求的相关因素,构建北京市物流需求预测影响因素指标体系。运用BP神经网络和GM(1,1)方法,建立北京市物流需求组合预测模型,选取近20年的统计数据对未来五年的物流需求进行预测,得出物流需求总量及变化规律,并以此提出推进北京市物流业发展的有效途径,为物流系统规划提供合理依据及有效发展途径。     

基于人口规模和城市化水平测算的城乡建设用地需求预测研究——以辽东凤城市为例

以辽宁东部凤城市为研究区域,采用1997年至2005年凤城市的人口、经济等统计数据,从作为土地需求预测基础的社会化发展水平预测入手,利用不同的预测模型对凤城市的人口规模、城镇化水平进行预测,并通过对比各预测模型的测算数据,提出科学方案并做最优选择,最终得出适宜凤城市发展的测算数据,以此为依据预测城乡建设用地需求量,为凤城市城乡建设用地合理发展及新一轮的土地利用总体规划修编提供数据支撑和理论依据。     

Now-casting inflation using high frequency data

This paper proposes a methodology for now-casting and forecasting inflation using data with a sampling frequency which is higher than monthly. The data are modeled as a trading day frequency factor model, with missing observations in a state space representation. For the estimation we adopt the methodology proposed by Bańbura and Modugno (2010). In contrast to other existing approaches, the methodology used in this paper has the advantage of modeling all data within a single unified framework which allows one to disentangle the model-based news from each data release and subsequently to assess its impact on the forecast revision. The results show that the inclusion of high frequency data on energy and raw material prices in our data set contributes considerably to the gradual improvement of the model performance. As long as these data sources are included in our data set, the inclusion of financial variables does not make any considerable improvement to the now-casting accuracy.     

基于双变量线性回归模型的物流需求预测——以内蒙古为例

物流产业作为综合性很强的经济产业,无论是宏观决策,还是物流企业的规划和经营决策,都需要以正确的预测为前提。针对物流需求的特点。运用双变量线性回归模型对物流需求进行预测,并以内蒙古为例进行了实证。     

Application of fuzzy regression on air cargo volume forecast

This paper presented a Fuzzy Regression Forecasting Model (FRFM) to forecast demand by examining present international air cargo market. Accuracy is one of the most important concerns when dealing with forecasts. However, there is one problem that is often overlooked. That is, an accurate forecast model for one does not necessarily suit the other. This is mainly due to individual’s different perceptions toward their socioeconomic environment as well as their competitiveness when evaluating risk. Therefore people make divergent judgments toward various scenarios. Yet even when faced with the same challenge, distinctive responses are generated due to individual evaluations in their strengths and weaknesses. How to resolve these uncertainties and indefiniteness while accommodating individuality is the main purpose of constructing this FRFM. When forecasting air cargo volumes, uncertainty factors often cause deviation in estimations derived from traditional linear regression analysis. Aiming to enhance forecast accuracy by minimizing deviations, fuzzy regression analysis and linear regression analysis were integrated to reduce the residual resulted from these uncertain factors. The authors applied α-cut and Index of Optimism λ to achieve a more flexible and persuasive future volume forecast.