Turning up the heat

As Congress gets closer to a showdown over medicare, groups for and against overhauling the program are getting ready to take their cases to the public and to target potentially vulnerable members of Congress.     

Patching up the Pact

The paper considers the implications for the EU accession candidates of Central and Eastern Europe of the fiscal‐financial constraints imposed by the Stability and Growth Pact and the Maastricht Treaty. Our findings apply also to those current EU members whose initial conditions (e.g., infrastructure and progress in state pension reform) or other structural characteristics (e.g., demographic structure, growth potential, Balassa‐Samuelson equilibrium real exchange rate appreciation) differ significantly from the EU average. We find the existing criteria to be seriously flawed and propose an alternative rule, the Permanent Balance Rule, based on a strong form of tax smoothing.     

会计准则制定机构设置的设想

本文从国际会计准则制定机构设置的沿革出发,阐述了国际会计准则制定机构设置的意义及性质,并介绍了国际会计准则委员会和美国财务会计准则委员会关于会计准则制定机构设置的设想.     

电子商务迎来"二次浪潮"

如果说1999年是中国电子商务发展的"第一次浪潮"的话,那么自2003年起电子商务的逐渐回暖则可以说是迎来了"第二次浪潮".尽管目前中国各电子商务公司的盈利时间表仍无法确定,但是电子商务已经成为互联网业中继门户网站之后又一投资热点却是不争的事实.     

Breaking up the collective farms

The de‐collectivization of Vietnamese agriculture was a crucial step in the country's transition to a market economy. The assignment of land‐use rights had to be decentralized and local cadres ostensibly had the power to capture this process. We assess the realized land allocation against explicit counter‐factuals. Depending on the region, we find that 95–99 percent of maximum aggregate consumption was realized by a land allocation that generated lower inequality overall, with the poorest absolutely better off. We attribute this outcome to initial conditions at the time of reform and actions by the centre to curtail the power of local elites.     

堵住黑洞--谈遏制城市土地招标拍卖中的串谋

根据国土资源部今年５月下发的《招标、拍卖、挂牌出让国有土地使用权的规定》（以下简称《规定》），从今年７月１日开始，我国城市经营性土地必须通过招标、拍卖或挂牌的方式出让使用权，这对于显化土地价值和杜绝暗箱操作有着重大意义。但招标、拍卖中的竞争机制使得开发商陷入了“囚徒困境”，他们有强烈的串谋动机，而土地市场地域性较强和竞争不充分的特点，也使得开发商之间的串谋成为可能，对此，我们应制定相应的对策。一、土地招标、拍卖中的开发商博弈与“囚徒困境”招标或拍卖具有揭示信息和减少代理成本两个基本功能。当一件物…