The application of analytic hierarchy process in logistics enterprises personnel evaluation

With the gradual open-up of the market, foreign logistics companies who have already obtained market access will establish logistics business in China, which enhance the competition of our domestic logistics market. Personnel who have decisive role in the development of companies are the dominator of companies＇ resources and fashioner of their profit. To conduct analysis on their human resources the companies possess is to conduct test on the companies＇ market competitiveness. However, during to the non-by-the-job character of logistics enterprise services and its own feature of human resources, there is great difficulty in quantizing the question. The present essay selects analytic hierarchy process, combined with qualitative and quantitative analysis, thus form a set of scientific Logistics Enterprises Personnel Evaluation System.     

Home Market Effects of Foreign Trade in China＇s Manufacturing Sector： Analysis Using International Standard Industry Classification Panel Data

In this paper,we use 2002-2008 International Standard Industry Classification two-digit bilateral trade panel data for manufacturing industries in China and the OECD countries to test for the existence of home market effects.We find that significant home market effects exist in 8 out of 12 industries.These industries include the food,beverage and tobacco industry, wood products,the paper products and printing industry,chemical products,other nonmetallic mineral products,machinery and equipment,transport equipment,and miscellaneous products and waste resources recycling industry.Textile,clothing and leather manufacturing,oil refining and nuclear fuel manufacturing,rubber and plastics,and basic metals and fabricated metal products industries do not exhibit home market effects.Indeed, strong reverse home market effects occur for oil refining and nuclear fuel manufacturing and for the rubber and plastics industry.The empirical results reveal that certain industries benefit from new export opportunities due to the expansion of domestic demand in China.     

An Investigation and Analysis of Undergraduate Sports Consumption Status and Comparison

The paper provided questionnaire survey, statistical analysis, comparison, documentation Information and interviews methods, made exploration to sports consumption status of undergraduate in Chongqing, and made comparison to their sporting object type consumption and services type consumption. The results show that the external impact factors are the main reason on students＇ sports consumption, and the author made the corresponding recommendations.     

The Strategic Partnership Cutting the Costs or not

There are numerous articles which have been written about strategic partnership and how they can be beneficial for both buyer and supplier. The aim of this article is to find out the ways of how the strategic partnership cuts the costs by using semi-structured interviews. Semi-structured interviews were found to be the most appropriate method of data collection because they enabled the researcher to gather valid and reliable data. Ten companies have been interviewed in different industries in Saudi Arabia （four in computer industries, three in bank industries, and three in food industries）. The article gives a valuable resource and rich information for those interested to know more about the Saudi market or those wishing to invest in it. All interviews were conducted with purchasing managers by using semi-structured interviews. The study found that the strategic partnership does cut the costs. Cutting the costs comes from sharing skills and information, reducing the investment risk, and decreasing the operation costs.     

Advantages of the social stamp for the biodiesel producer companies： The BSBIOS and OLEOPLAN cases

Biofuel has become an alternative source of energy in response to the change of the world＇s energy matrix. In Brazil, biodiesel has a highlighted status because it is obtained from different raw materials including animal or vegetable origins. In this context, trying to stimulate the social inclusion and the regional development, the federal government has been allowing some tax benefits through the Social Fuel Stamp （SCS） to the producer companies of biodiesel, since the purchasing of the raw material is from small farmers. Taking this into account, this article aims at the identification of the advantages perceived between the BSBIOS and the OLEOPLAN-two producer companies of biodiesel, located, respectively, in Rio Grande do Sul, in relation to the use of the social fuel stamp. In this case study, classified as a qualitative and of exploratory style, the data collection was done through the observation of informal conversations, visits in the companies named above, through interviews made with a pre-determined guide that allowed the application of the subject analysis technical. The analysis of the results is organized through the profile of these companies and by the identification of the advantages provided by the social fuel stamp. The results of this study show that the companies consider the social fuel stamp as fundamental and that it provides four advantages： the access to better financial conditions through the BNDES and other financial institutions; the right to compete in auctions for the biodiesel purchasing by the Petroleum National Agency, Natural Gas and Biofuel （ANP）; the exemption of taxes; and, the use of the logo of the stamp showing the social role of the company that does not represent a differentiated factor concerning the marketing strategy.     

Innovations in the Application of Insurance-linked Securities in Non-financial Companies

Recently, capital market innovations within transferring insurable risk have grown in diversity. It initiated the development of innovative financial instruments, with the prime role of Insurance Linked Securities （ILS）. Financial institutions （insurers in particular） remain the key players on this market. However, ILS are applicable in non-financial companies as well. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to broadly discuss the application of ILS in non-financial companies. In particular, the purpose of this paper is to provide answers to the crucial questions： （1） What are the potential areas of the use of ILS in non-financial companies？ （2） What are the consequences of the use of ILS in non-financial companies？ The paper is based on the application of document analysis and literature studies as its main research methods. The literature review was directed to enable the provision of systemized characteristics of 1LS. Additionally, case studies were implemented to indicate the areas of ILS applications in non-financial companies. Overall, ILS in the class of financial instruments （including cat bonds, insurance derivatives, and contingent capital structures） may find potential use in non-financial companies. However, significant limitations of such a use are identifiable, mainly within the expert knowledge need and accessibility.     

Solidarity based economy： The success of work integration social firms in Spain

The work insertion social firms have grown in the last decade in Spain. The aim of this work is to help unemployees and workers with several problems （being in prison, drugs...） to start in ＂normalized＂ companies as workers. The aim of the paper is to analyze the success of work insertion social firms defined by social and commercial dimensions. Using a sample of 49 companies in Spain, the authors have developed an explanatory model in which the doubt about the success of these companies is explained. This paper seeks to analyze the main problems of the poor financial situation of companies that are based on social help. The work integration social enterprises could be a new entrepreneurship form that helps improving work skills of workers to be able to obtain a ＂normalized job＂.     

Thought on the development direction of the modern service industry of Shandong Province

The modem service industry is based on technology, knowledge and public services. It is important to innovate and foster new economic growth, and the modem service industry is an inevitable requirement for the readjustment of the economic structure and the upgrading of the industrial structure. There are many categories in modem service industry. Thus, in Shandong Province, the service area that is characterized by high market demand, good fundamental condition, great growth potential and great driven effect, should be chosen to develop of the modem service industry. In this paper, the following industries should be developed first： the traveling industry, the finance industry, the modem logistics industry, the information service industry, the technology service industry and the community service industry. That how to develop and break through in these service areas is also put forward in this paper.     

Managerial Ownership and Firm Value： Evidence from Real Estate Listed Companies of China

Based on the panel data method and the financial data from 2001 to 2003 periods of Chinese real estate listed companies, the paper studies the mutual relationship between managerial ownership and finn value. The results show that there is a significantly positive relationship between managerial ownership and finn value, and there is a significantly negative relationship between managerial ownership and cash holdings of companies, and circulation proportion of shares. However, managerial ownership hasn＇t significantly effect on corporate value, and there isn＇t optimal managerial ownership proportion. These results are very important to managerial incentive problem of real estate listed companies of our country.     

Research on Financial Risk Identification and Assessment in Merger ＆ Acquisition

Merger ＆ acquisition （M＆A） is a business activity full of high risk that exists in each process. There are different kinds of risks, whatever they are, they will influence the financial risk through the M＆A cost unexceptionally, so financial risk is one of the most important factors in M＆A activity. At present, there are different kinds of def＇mitions of financial risk in M＆A. This paper defines the concept of the financial risk in M＆A, and then, it analyzes some factors, such as uncertainty and information asymmetry. Finally, it puts forward the identification factors of financial risk in M＆A and establishes a fitzzy assessment model to measure financial risk in M＆A.     

Determinants of Competitiveness： Observations in China＇s Textile and Apparel Industries

This paper attempts to explore key determinants of competitiveness in the textile and apparel industries, with special reference to Chinese Mainland. The authors conduct a survey that is designed to use productivity, supply-side and demand-side determinants to measure enterprises＇ competitiveness. The collected survey data is then analyzed using factor analysis to capture the related determining factors indicative of competitiveness at the enterprise level. The findings demonstrate that government policies and related industry infrastructure are the most important determinants of competitiveness in the textile and apparel industries, followed by domestic demand. This suggests that the improvement of industry infrastructure can foster industry performance, and that more resources should be endowed to enhance the domestic business competitiveness of local enterprises. The development of domestic demand will foster the competitiveness of the textile and apparel industries on a more sustainable basis.     

Commitment,Communication, and Leadership Determine the Leader： A Qualitative Analysis of Businessperson Characteristics Practiced by SME and Family Business Directors

This article outlines the details of an empirical study into the perceptions of small and medium-sized enterprise （SME） directors regarding the concepts of communication and commitment to leadership style and the interpretation of these concepts by way of depth interviews. The commitment by SME directors is represented by the themes of emotional commitment, visibility, financial bond, and personality traits. The communication by SME directors is represented by the themes of empathy, type of information, reaction and personality of the communication. The concept of leadership in the SME sector is typically closely associated to the charismatic leadership and the theory of the inclusive leadership （IL） style. The IL is a representation and use of all of the represented leadership styles depends on a situation. This study can be described as an exploratory study, consisting of qualitative in-depth interviews that were conducted with 19 directors of SMEs in the Netherlands and a qualitative matrix method was utilised.     

Calm Consideration of Prosperous Growth of Convertible Bond

As a re-financing instrument for listed companies, convertible bond has been greatly promoting the prosperity of China capital market. However, due to the institutional defect of stock ownership is severe, convertible bond has also inevitably caused the negative effect on the situation that the non-negotiable shareholders are frantically depriving the negotiable shareholders of equity when enriching the financial products and releasing the financial risk. Taking ShanYing convertible bond as an example, the article researches the reasonableness in the market pricing by using the Single-Index Model and further analyze reasonable activities of the present listed companies＇ tending to issuing convertible bond.     

Analyzing of the effects of league performance of Turkish sport clubs over the financial performances of the corresponding sport companies

In this study, it is searching for the answer of following question： ＂Does the success of sport clubs affect the financial success of the corresponding sport companies？＂ The accuracy of the ＂In Turkey, the league performances of sport clubs have a direct effect on the company＇s financial success＂ hypothesis is tested. TOPSIS method was used in order to prove the hypothesis. In the research, financial reports of sport companies traded in ISE between years 2005 and 2009 are used.     

Countermeasures on strengthening the environmental-costs＇ control of agricultural processing industries in Jilin province

Controlling and reducing the environmental costs is an important prerequisite for agricultural product processing industries＇ sustainable development in Jilin province. This paper discusses the key reasons why the environmental costs of the agricultural product processing industry are out-of-control in Jilin province, and indicates how to make the public participate in the environmental costs control more willingly, how to make the government strengthen the management of environmental costs more voluntarily, how to make the agricultural product processing industries control their environmental costs more willingly.     

The Cause of Turnovers of Top Management -An Empirical Research on the Special Treatment Companies in China

The turnover of top management is important for both foreign stock market and corporate management. China has developed its own stock market for more than ten years. During this period, a lot of listed companies＇ top managers were on the move. Based on 97 Chinese ST companies of 2004, this paper invesdgates the main factors, which causes the top management turnovers in the ST companies. The results of regression analysis show that the turnover of top management in Chinese ST companies is highly positively related to the change of large shareholder and are negatively related to the rate of net profit to total assets. We also find that net cash flow that is provided from operations per share, the proportion of state-owned shares and the type of audit views have no influence on the top management turnovers in such ST companies in China.     

New Conglomerates and the Ecosystem Advantage

It is the purpose of this paper to explore the emergence of a new form of web-based company and how the new organisational form is able to access multiple-markets and industries by exploiting the benefits of a platform ecosystem business model. Internet-based companies such as Amazon, Google, Facebook, and Apple were referred to as the ＂Gang of Four＂ in May, 2011, by Eric Schmidt, Executive Chairman of Google. These 21st century companies are leading an internet-based consumer revolution which is having a disruptive impact on a broad range of industries and markets. Using their platform-based ecosystems, the internet-based corporations are able to leverage these core competencies and enter industries that appear unrelated to their core businesses. This has given rise to a new form of conglomerate business model that contrasts with the Western industrial conglomerates of the 1960s and early 1970s. Most of these corporations were broken-up in the early 1980s and the remaining core businesses resorted to focused strategies. The paper also analyses why the new internet-based firms do not follow the positioning school of strategy and seek monopolistic rents--profits arising from market power--by locating in attractive industries. Instead, these firms leverage core competencies and achieve Ricardian economic rents--profits arising from superior resources--through strategies of stretch and leverage. By adopting a core competency tree configuration, a core competency platform is leveraged which allows the internet-based firms to enter multiple markets using asset-light business models. This new form of competitive advantage is based on having a superior ecosystem that uses data as the key resource instead of capital; capital being the main resource underpinns the success of the traditional Western conglomerates of the 1960s and early 1970s.     

Information and communication technologies as an incentive for improving relationships in Business to Business markets

The managerial theory as well as the practice of the industries consider the relationships of collaboration between enterprises, the most important resources for business strategy, contributing in the creation of value and economic capital, sustainability of the competitive advantage and also in the definition of innovative ways of enterprise development.
The management of these capacities could improve from the sustaining information and communication technologies （ICT）. The impact that ICT may have in the relations between clients and suppliers, is not entirely elaborated. The use of ICT, based also in the intense connectivity through Internet remains limited when speaking of some activities that generate value. The effects of interconnecting Internet technologies are even now partially unexplored.
This paper will analyze how ICT affect the collaboration relationships between clients and suppliers and related processes of creating value, focusing on the value drivers in Business to Business （B2B） markets, value process in the supply chain and client-supplier relationships and B2B E-marketplaces in the processes of creating and delivering value in the supply chain. Examples of European companies as well as the stage of Albanian companies in relation with these concepts illustrate the ideas throughout the paper.     

RMB Internationalization and Its Implications for Financial and Monetary Cooperation in East Asia

This paper emphasizes the importance of the denomination of financial assets rather than trade invoicing as a long-term determinant of an international currency. China needs to liberalize and open its financial system and make the RMB fully convertible, and to adopt a moreflexible exchange rate system to speed up its currency internationalization, for which China could follow either a global or regional approach. The global approach is a riskier and more unpredictable strategy because it would demand a scope and timeframe of financial liberalization that is likely to be beyond China＇s institutional capacity over the coming decade. There are two options that could be taken in following the regional approach. One is creating an ASEAN＋ New 3 （the Chinese Mainland, Hong Kong, and Taiwan） RMB bloc and the other is liberalizing China＇s financial industries and internationalizing the RMB by playing a leading role in East Asia＇s economic integration within the framework of ASEAN＋ 3, This paper concludes that the latter is a more realistic and effective approach for China.