基于熵权TOPSIS法的城市旅游与城市发展协调水平评价——以安徽省为例

本文构建了安徽省城市旅游与城市发展协调的评价指标体系,运用熵权TOPSIS法对安徽省16个城市的城市旅游与城市发展协调水平进行选择,结果表明:安徽省城市旅游与城市发展协调程度的城市个数呈金字塔状分布,城市旅游与城市发展不协调和较不协调的城市占据大多数,可见安徽省城市旅游与城市发展整体上是不协调的.安徽省城市旅游与城市发展协调水平存在显著的空间差异,不考虑省会合肥,大致呈由南向北递减分布.安徽省城市旅游与城市存在明显的相关关系.城市经济发达或者旅游资源丰富,城市旅游与城市发展一般较协调;城市经济落后、旅游资源稀缺,城市旅游与城市发展一般不协调.     

新疆优秀旅游城市空间分布特征与成因研究

以新疆的13个全国优秀旅游城市为研究对象,运用GIS空间分析法与空间离散度分析法,研究了各城市的空间布局特征,并分析了影响各城市成长的因素。研究发现,各优秀旅游城市在整体地理空间内呈现随机离散分布特征,在局部空间内呈现一定凝聚分布特征。行政区位、经济水平、旅游资源、交通条件以及旅游政策等是影响各城市成长的主要因素。     

国家级中心城市经济高质量发展水平测度与分析

文章以五大发展理念为指导思想,以国家中心城市为研究对象,探索构建了包含创新发展、协调发展、绿色发展、开放发展和共享发展五个维度的城市经济高质量发展评价指标体系,运用熵权TOPSIS法进行实证测度。研究发现,经济高质量发展子系统水平在不同的城市有不同的分布特征,综合水平整体偏低,总体呈现出"东高、中西低"的空间分布格局;根据综合水平得分高低将9个国家中心城市划分为领先型、平庸型、落后型三种类型。     

基于RS与GIS的大庆市城市空间形态演化分析

以我国目前最大石油城市——大庆市为研究对象,选取1984、1995、2007年3个城市建设关键时间节点,以Landsat MSS、TM卫星影像为主要数据源,利用GIS技术提取城市建设用地规模、形态、增长幅度、区位坐标等信息,计算城市空间扩张速度、强度、城市空间形态紧凑度、分维指数、城市增长理性程度等空间特征量,分析大庆市1984年以来城市空间扩张现象和特征,并结合经济社会统计相关数据及区域分析方法,探究其因果关系。研究认为,大庆市城市空间扩张与形态演化具有石油城市发展的典型性和一般规律,表现出建设用地总量大、扩张速度快、强度高、增量分布不均衡、空间形态不规则、紧凑度低、城市中心地迁移方向与用地扩张基本一致等特征。这些现象和特征的主要形成原因包括石油开发战略指向、自然环境约束、交通设施引导、城市规划调控、中心地功能变迁等五个方面。     

黄河流域中心城市高质量发展空间网络结构特征分析

黄河流域中心城市的高质量发展是推动黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的关键。利用动态因子分析法测度2009—2019年黄河流域9个中心城市的高质量发展水平,运用社会网络分析法探析黄河流域中心城市高质量发展水平的空间网络结构特征,研究发现：（1）黄河流域中心城市的高质量发展水平较弱且空间差异较大,上、下游高质量发展差异的马太效应逐渐显现;（2）高质量发展和各个维度的网络联系强度均表现为明显的空间分异和非均衡的分布特征,东部地区中心城市间的网络联系强度整体高于西部地区,东西部城市之间联系较弱,西部地区城市之间并未存在强联系;（3）黄河流域中心城市间网络联系松散,共同推动黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的协同合作、协调发展机制尚未形成。     

大运河文化带沿线城市文化—生态—旅游耦合协调发展

文章通过构建文化—生态—旅游耦合协调评价指标体系,运用耦合协调模型、探索性空间数据分析方法对2011—2020年大运河文化带沿线36个地级及以上市域的文化—生态—旅游耦合协调度和空间相关性进行研究。结果表明：(1)从各子系统综合发展水平来看,文化综合发展水平整体呈平稳上升趋势,各城市文化发展不平衡;生态发展水平普遍偏低,各城市生态发展水平差异较小;旅游综合发展水平呈波动上升趋势,地区之间具有明显的差异性。(2)从耦合协调度来看,2011—2020年大运河文化带文化—生态—旅游耦合协调发展总体呈缓慢上升趋势,但协调度水平偏低,多数城市处于中度失调或严重失调。(3)从空间相关分析来看,全局方面,大运河文化带文化—生态—旅游耦合协调度具有空间正相关关系,即各城市之间呈空间集聚性,且集聚程度总体呈上升趋势;局部上主要表现为“高—高”集聚和“低—低”集聚,呈现“小集聚大分散”的空间格局。     

我国城市国际旅游竞争优势特征及其影响因素分析

文章重点分析我国城市国际竞争优势的时空间特征以及重要的50个城市的国际旅游竞争优势，分析了许多城市提出发展国际旅游城市的目标是否实际，最后利用皮尔逊（Pearson）相关法探讨我国城市国际旅游竞争优势的影响因素。2002年具有国际旅游竞争优势的城市有三亚、珠海等14个城市，它们的特征是在我国国际旅游收入中占据重要份额，或者拥有较高价值的旅游资源，或者明显区位优势的城市。1997—2002年在这50个城市中，46％的城市国际旅游区位商取得增长，54％的城市国际旅游区位商下降。我国城市国际旅游面临着在城市第三产业地位下降的趋势，应重新审视和检讨原有国际旅游开发模式。三亚、桂林、北京等有实力发展国际旅游城市，而洛阳、成都和济南不适宜发展国际旅游城市。从影响因素分析来看，城市国际旅游竞争优势与国际旅游收入具有显著的相关性，与城市GDP、城市第三产业发展没有明显的相关性。城市国际旅游竞争优势还与旅游特色资源、城市区位优势、城市经济的活跃度有关。     

长江三角洲地区城市经济发展水平空间格局演变

通过构建区域经济发展水平评价指标体系,结合熵权TOPSIS法对长三角地区各县市1992、1998、2004和2010年4个年份的经济发展水平进行综合评价与比较,进而采用马尔可夫链法和空间关联分析对长三角经济发展格局演变特征进行探讨。研究表明:长三角地区城市经济发展水平逐步增强,区域差异不断缓解;经济发展水平表现出较为显著的俱乐部趋同现象和空间自相关性,发展水平相似的地区集聚分布,在空间上呈现出由""型向"Z"型,进而向"∑"型转变的态势,多中心、多轴线和均衡化发展态势日益突出。最后指出充分发挥中心城市对全区的带动作用,以经济区来组织城市经济发展将是长三角地区城市经济均衡、协调和一体化融合发展的有效途径。     

沿海次级城市发展的制约与突破

通过对概念进行界定,并梳理其发展趋势,发现沿海次级城市发展受到国内市场主导发展格局、区域倾斜调控等阶段性制约。但在新发展阶段,沿海次级城市面临新兴产业集聚和国家沿海内陆区域间发展关系重构等新发展机遇,建议从建设国际一流沿海城市群的战略高度出发,将沿海次级城市发展纳入国家区域发展战略重点倾斜区域,促进沿海中心城市与次级城市之间高水平的一体化进程,并依据区位特征、发展阶段和次级特征,科学选择产业集聚,推进相对集聚型、产城融合模式的城镇化格局。     

珠江三角洲城市区域空间演化研究

行政区划调整既是城市化发展的结果,也是管窥和衡量城市化发展阶段的重要标志。以珠三角行政区划调整为主线,从历史视角回顾了珠三角城市区域空间演化的过程,并总结归纳出若干特征。改革开放以来,珠三角城市区域空间演化可分为三个阶段：从单中心城市到城镇密集区,从城市密集区到城市群,从城市群到大都市区（或都市连绵区）。空间演化主要特征包括：“外引内联型”要素配置模式,自下而上的“内部膨胀型”空间演化模式,正式的行政区划调整和非正式的区域协调机制相结合的“双轨制”区域治理演化模式等。随着城市化的快速发展,珠三角城市区域应逐步从强调城市竞争的“行政区经济”向提倡合作的大都市区治理转变。     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。