复水奶粉中单增李斯特氏菌的生存评估

[目的]对复水奶粉中单增李斯特氏菌的生长与存活进行评估.[方法]通过人工方法以102cfu/mL的浓度添加单增李斯特氏菌于复水奶粉样品中,在不同温度和pH值条件下贮存,通过菌落计数分析单增李斯特氏菌的生存特性.[结果]在-1.5～37℃之间,单增李斯特氏菌能够生长,在-1.5℃时生长速率最慢,随温度升高生长速率也随之加快,在37℃时生长最快,在45℃时不能生长.在接近中性pH值范围内的复水奶粉中,单增李斯特氏菌在高温条件下(30℃)比在低温条件下(4℃)生长快,但在低温条件下(4℃),单增李斯特氏菌对酸和碱的耐受程度比在高温条件下(30℃)的耐受程度大.[结论]由于复水奶粉的pH值接近中性,比较适合单增李斯特氏菌的生长,如果污染了单增李斯特氏菌,在低温条件下贮存能够控制单增李斯特氏菌的生长.     

干奶粉中单增李斯特氏菌的生存评估

[目的]对不同水活度干奶粉中的单增李斯特氏菌在不同温度条件下的生存特性进行评估.[方法]通过人工方法将单增李斯特氏菌按103cfu/g的浓度添加于不同水活度的干奶粉样品中,在不同温度(冰箱温度4℃和室温25℃)下贮存,通过菌落计数来分析单增李斯特氏菌的生存特性.[结果]在低温条件下,单增李斯特氏菌可在较低水活度的干奶粉中长期保持生长活力,并且当水活度较高时,会有增长趋势.在较高的环境温度中,干奶粉中的单增李斯特氏菌的生长活力很快减退,细菌处于亚损伤状态,但在适宜的营养环境条件下,这种亚损伤状态可以得到修复.细菌仍然可以恢复活力.[结论]高温条件更易使干奶粉中单增李斯特氏菌生长活力减退,干奶粉中如果污染了单增李斯特氏菌.于室温(25℃)条件下贮存会抑制单增李斯特氏菌的生长.     

几种液体培养基对奶粉中单增李斯特氏菌富集效果的比较

[目的]选择适合奶粉中单增李斯特氏菌富集的液体培养基.[方法]参考ISO/TS11133-2中的培养基验证方法并有所改进,对国际上常用的5种液体培养基进行比较选择.[结果]5种液体培养基对奶粉中单增李斯特菌的增菌效果差异不显著.[结论]5种液体培养基的增菌效果基本相同.但由于BLEB的增菌过程是先用无添加剂的肉汤预增菌后再加入添加剂,Fraser肉汤的增菌过程是用含有半量添加剂的肉汤预增菌后再转入含有全量添加剂的肉汤中,这两种方法有利于使损伤的细菌得以恢复活力.对奶粉中单增李斯特氏菌进行富集,如果采用一步增菌法建议使用BLEB,如果采用两步增菌法建议采用Fraser肉汤.     

检测单增李斯特氏菌的几种选择性固体培养基的效果比较

[目的]选择更加适合单增李斯特氏菌检测的固体选择性培养基.[方法]参见ISO/TS11133-2中的培养基验证方法并有所改进,对国际上常用的3种选择性固体培养基进行比较选择.[结果]OXA和李斯特氏;显色培养基的增菌效果相近,且单增李斯特氏菌和绵羊李斯特氏菌在李斯特氏菌显色培养基上具有特征性菌落形态,易于与其他李斯特氏菌相区别.[结论]OXA和李斯特氏菌显色培养基效果较好,比较适合单增李斯特氏菌的检测,两种培养基联合使用可以提高单增李斯特氏菌的检出率.     

食品中单增李斯特氏菌PCR检测方法所用引物的特异性比较

[目的]对食品中单增李斯特氏菌PCR检测方法目前常用的引物进行特异性比较.[方法]用36株单增李斯特氏菌、非单增李斯特氏菌以及其他菌属的细菌,将我室的2对引物与其他作者设计的5对引物进行特异性比较.[结果]我室采用的引物FM1/FM2只对单增李斯特氏菌扩增出特异性片段,引物LI1/U1只对所有李斯特氏菌属的细菌扩增出特异性片段.其他引物除了对单增李斯特氏菌扩增出特异性片段外,对其他细菌也会扩增出与特异性片段大小一致的片段.[结论]单增李斯特氏菌的特异引物FM1/FM2与李斯特氏菌属的特异引物U1/LI1组合应用,可以成为检测单增李斯特氏菌的最佳方法.     

乳粉中单增李斯特氏菌的污染情况调查

为保证乳粉食品的安全,采用本室建立的奶粉中单增李斯特菌的传统检验方法.对国内外生产的82份不同品牌的奶粉进行了单增李斯特氏菌的调查研究.结果未检出单增李斯特氏菌.     

应用荧光PCR方法检测食品中的单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌

[目的]发展一种快速、敏感、特异的荧光PCR方法检测食品中单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌.[方法]针对单增李斯特氏菌溶血素基因(hly A),设计特异的引物和TaqMan探针,优化体系,建立荧光PCR检测方法,对该方法的特异性和敏感性进行评价,并且在对188个进出口食品样本的检测中与传统方法进行对比.[结果]经对20株不同菌属的标准菌株和30株野生李斯特氏菌菌株检测,结果显示该方法具有良好的特异性.灵敏度检测结果表明,经过24h增菌,该方法的检测低限为1cfu/g,整个流程只需27h.在实际样本的检测中,检测结果与传统方法结果一致.[结论]该方法能快速、简便和准确地检出单核细胞增生李斯氏菌,具有良好的应用前景.     

食品中单增李斯特菌快速、敏感、特异PCR检测方法的建立

[目的]建立食品中单增李斯特菌的PCR检测方法.[方法]根据单增李斯特菌的hlyA基因和李斯特菌属的16sRNA基因各设计了一对引物,两对引物组合建立PCR方法,用人工污染食品对该方法进行验证,于37℃经24h预增菌和24h增菌后直接进行PCR分析.[结果]在消毒奶、冰淇淋、酸奶、奶酪、熟肉和香肠等即食食品中单增李斯特菌的检出限为1cfu/25g(mL),在原奶和生肉中的检出限分别为1～10 cfu/25mL和25 cfu/25g.[结论]该方法快速、敏感、特异,适合不同类型食品的常规检测分析,可用于食品工业中单增李斯特菌的检测.     

食品中单增李斯特菌国内外控制要求有哪些

<正>李斯特菌广泛分布在自然界中,在腐烂的植物、土壤、动物粪便、污水、青贮饲料和水中均可找到其踪迹。目前发现的李斯特菌菌株包括单核细胞增生李斯特菌（以下简称“单增李斯特菌”）、绵羊李斯特菌、英诺克李斯特菌、威尔斯李斯特菌、西尔李斯特菌、格氏李斯特菌、默氏李斯特菌等。其中,单增李斯特菌是唯一能引起人类疾病的李斯特菌。     

单增李斯特菌及其表面蛋白的研究进展

单增李斯特菌是条件致病菌，由其引起的疾病称为李斯特菌病。单增李斯特菌的致病性由几个毒力因子所决定，这些毒力因子包括李斯特细胞溶菌酶O、蛋白ActA、磷酸脂酶C、内化素（InlA和InlB）、蛋白CwhA和金属蛋白酶。该菌能够侵染多种真核细胞并在其中复制、增殖，也能够穿越宿主的三个主要屏障——肠屏障、血脑屏障和胎盘屏障。与其他G^＋菌不同，单增李斯特菌的大量蛋白是共价结合到其胞壁质上的。实际上，由于单增李斯特菌存在大量表面蛋白，所以它能够在许多环境下复制增殖，并且能够侵染多种真核细胞。     

Brown＇s Blossom in Britain-China

The overall strategic relationship between U.K. and China is ＂better than ever＂, China- Britain relations have maintained good momentum, with increased high-level exchanges and the reinforcement of strategic mutual trust, with more room for growth in the future.     

Challenge and Opportunity Go Hand in Hand——What Global Economic Agitation Brings to the China's Economy?

Domino effects of the global finance agitation As the origin of the subprime crisis,US financial institutions lost USS45 billion last year,accounted for over half of the total US,EU & Japan loss.Since January 15th,Chtigroup released its financial statement of the 4th quarter,showing a net deficit of USS9.83 billion,which marked the hisoric high of its quarterly deficit.     

Sinosteel：Extraordinary Moves in Industry Chess

Among the Fortune 500 firms,more and more images from China emerge out.On the 2008 list,Sinosteel Corporation,a landmark group of China industries quietly squeezes into the candidate line.As the largest steel service ＆ trade enterprise,its sales reached at RMB 111.24 billion,with a year-on-year increase of 83.03 percent,and the profit grew by 180.03 percent.On the Sinosteel 2008 Work Meeting,the president Huang Tianwen uttered,＂In the coming year,we will work for US$20 billion sales,and look forward to getting a position in Fortune 500 firms for ourselves.＂     

Walk Through Unusual Five Years—— An Exhibitor＇s Canton Fair Course

When the 103rd Canton Fair is approaching, an old friend of Canton Fair, Li Ying from Jiangsu prov-ince recollected his past five years＇ experiences to the grand trade meeting. Each year is special, with some unforgettable memories colored by the year.     

Jean-Pierre Duprieu： Willing to Be A Legate of Sino-French Business

Estaing, former French president, Valery Giscard d＇Estaing attended Sino-French Economic Seminar held in Shanghai in early April and said that the world center has shifted from the west to the east with many European and US companies entering into Asia, and China has the ability to play an important role in the world stage. Estaing, naming himself＂French Confucian＂, then said in Chinese that a cook-group includes 10 people in ancient Chinese soldier system and the cook is in charge of cooking for them. And people who belong to the same cook are actually ＂Partners＂.     

China''''s Stock Market Wave

The annual meeting of the World Economy Forum was held in Davos,a little town in Switzerland,on January 23rd to the 27th this year,with the theme"the Power fo Collaborative Innovation",over 2500 celebrates from ture political and cconomic circles of more than 80 countries and challengred logether to talk about the future of the global economy in 2008,A Forum for the problems and challenges that face whole world,some of the keywords which drew attention during the event were:the U.S.subprime mortgage crisis,soaring energy prices,the economic slowdown in the U.S.ermerging economic bodies,authority funds and the general unpredictable nature of the global economy.     

Trade Promotion from Neighborhood

If you are considering to trade with companies in Japan or expanding your .business to Japan, we are ready to help from the very beginning.＂ You will find this greeting at the first sight on the Chinese website of Japan External Trade Organization （JETRO）. JETRO has committed itself in delivering highly efficient and quality services to meet the demand of internal and external customs including Japanese companies, hence winning a good reputation in the international trade arena. In recent years, with its priority in advancing business cooperation in South and East Asia, JETRO has made great achievement in promoting trade between China and Japan. Therefore, China＇s Foreign Trade interviewed Mr. Yoichi Maine, Deputy Director General of JETRO BEIJING.     

Auto Parts Market Potential Coming into Surface

Looking at the increasingly fierce competition in the world auto market. global automobile manufacturing industry, taking Europe, the U.S. and Japan as representatives, is gradually forming a new type of relationship, mutual cooperation between whole vehicle and parts manufacturers. We can clearly see that auto parts manufacturers have become independent from the whole vehicle manufacturing companies, which means that the former structure of auto industry has greatly changed, and a new relationship,     

Public Financial Expenditure——A Reflection of the Livelihood Improvement

In recent years.China's public finance put social construction high on the agenda and attaches more importance on livelihood insurance and improvement.The 2003-2007 public financial expenditure reflects a fact that the government isputting more emphasis on livelihood andissues concerning the people.     

Voices from the MPC and CPPCC

"Crucial for economic growth.energy utilization has its role in all economic sectors and every aspect of people's daily life.Now we are in dire need of a new profession,namely energy manager.We not only need to have passion and responsibility,but also a scientific approach to conserve energy and cut emissions.APpropriate legislation should be in place.and a special profession should be introduced to ensure the implementation of these laws and regulations."