海南的资本投入与全要素生产率

本文从投资效率出发估计海南资本存量数据,并运用索洛余值法、隐含变量法和潜在产出法讨论了1978～2006年海南的全要素生产率变动。分析表明:海南全要素生产率增长与海南宏观经济波动趋势较一致,海南的经济增长主要依靠全要素生产率的贡献。     

Human capital dynamics in China: Evidence from a club convergence approach

This paper investigates the evolution of human capital in China for 31 provinces over the period of 1985–2016 from a club convergence perspective. Per capita human capital stocks, estimated using the Jorgenson–Fraumeni lifetime income approach, are for the first time examined within a non-linear latent factor framework that allows to model a wide range of transition dynamics for each province along the path to convergence. The study finds no overall convergence between provinces in China, however, the results strongly support the existence of multiple convergence clubs. While a small group of provinces are converging toward the highest levels of human capital, most of the other provinces are failing to catch up and form separate clusters that converge to lower equilibria. These regional patterns provide new evidence on the increasing human capital gap between Chinese provinces, posing a significant challenge to a more inclusive and harmonious human and economic development.     

资本积累、技术变迁与总量生产函数——基于中国1980-2005年经验数据的分析

确定一国经济增长过程中的总量生产函数,是宏观经济学界面临的重要问题。本文在估算中国物质资本存量的基础上,通过研究不同年份技术变迁的总体情况,使总量生产函数本身的变迁与沿着该曲线产生的各种移动相分离,从而能够弥补已有文献在这一领域的不足,得出更加准确的总量生产函数形式。资本存量、技术变动和总量生产函数的确定,既能满足研究各种要素投入对经济增长贡献的需要,又能成为政府评估和预测经济走势、合理制定长期经济政策的重要依据。     

Investment strategies by foreign automobile firms in China: A comparative study of Volkswagen,Honda, and Hyundai

The paper uses rolling sample tests to investigate time-varying calendar effects in the Chinese stock market, based on the GARCH (1, 1)-GED model. The Friday effect existed with low volatility at the early stage, but it seems to have disappeared since 1997. The positive Tuesday effect began to appear then. There is a small-firm January effect with high volatility. The turn-of-the month effect has also disappeared in the Chinese stock market since 1997.     

我国国有上市公司资本结构与治理研究

本文分别用描述统计分析和趋势分析对我国国有企业的资本结构进行研究,并指出债权结构与股权结构将影响我国国有企业的公司治理。     

我国上市公司资本结构效应及其优化

资本结构的效应主要包括财务杠杆效应和治理效应两种。本文通过对我国上市公司资本结构效应进行分析,认为目前我国上市公司资本结构的这两种效应均较弱。并在此基础上提出了优化我国上市公司资本结构的制度安排。     

西方资本结构理论在我国中小企业应用探讨

中小企业的生存和发展与其能否获得足够的资金支持密切相关,然而,融资渠道峡窄,融资成本过高,资本结构不合理,已严重制约着中小企业的健康发展,特别是2011年下半年以来,温州等地不断曝出高利贷泛滥、资金链断裂,甚至借款人"跑路"等消息,使上述问题更加严重,本文通过阐述并评析西方具有代表性的资本结构理论及在我国中小企业的应用情况,以期对我国中小企业融资决策提供有益借鉴。     

我国上市公司代理成本与资本结构关系的实证分析

现代资本结构理论指出:在有效的市场条件下,上市公司资本结构的变动会影响代理成本的高低,它对公司代理成本有着直接的影响。相关文献大都是通过对资本结构如何影响公司绩效的研究来间接分析资本结构与代理成本之间关系的,本文试图通过选取适当的指标,来直接反映代理成本与资本结构之间的关系,并进行实证分析,得出相应的结论。     

Cost Distortions and Structural Imbalances in China

This paper attempts to explain the fundamental cause of China＇s growing imbalanee problems. Economic data confirm that the key structural imbalance problems, such as overinvestment, large current account surpluses, low consumption share of GDP and income inequality, have all deteriorated over the past few years, despite continuous policy efforts to correct these problems. We argue that the key determining factor is repressed factor cost, which is associated with heavily distorted markets for labor, capital, land, resources and the environment. These are like implicit subsidies for producers, investors and exporters. They boost growth and, at the same time, lift investment and exports. Previous policy efforts have focused more on administrative measures, which have not been sustainable. Therefore, a more fundamental solution to the imbalance problem lies in completing market-oriented re forms for production factors and allowing free markets to determine prices of labor, capital, land and resources.     

One country, two systems: Foreign-invested enterprises and domestic firms in China

This paper shows that there is a dualist legal regime in China in that different bodies of laws and regulations apply to foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs) from those that apply to domestic firms. In general, the legal and regulatory treatments of FIEs are superior to those that pertain to domestic firms, especially domestic private firms. The dualist nature of China's legal regime is designed to insulate the economy from full effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) as well as to protect socialism.     

China's value-added tax reform, capital accumulation, and welfare implications

This paper analyzes the effects of China's upcoming value-added tax (VAT) reform of removing investment from the tax base on capital accumulation and the welfare of the rich and the poor. Three alternative methods to make up for the loss of tax revenue are considered. The VAT reform with consumption tax being endogenous increases capital accumulation and the utility of both the rich and the poor. The VAT reform with the labor income tax rate being endogenous increases capital accumulation; and it decreases the utility of the rich and increases the utility of the poor (increases the utility of both the rich and the poor) if the rich has a higher rate or the same rate of time preference (if the rich has a lower rate of time preference). The VAT reform, accompanied by a cut in transfers to the poor, has no effect on capital accumulation if the rich and the poor have the same rate of time preference; it decreases (increases) capital accumulation if the rich has a higher (lower) rate of time preference; and it increases the utility of the rich and decreases the utility of the poor.     

Bubble into reallocation: How bubbles improve capital allocation in China

This paper develops a theoretical framework to shed lights on the relations between the segmented financial market and the housing bubble in China. In our framework, capital misallocation across firms plays a central role. The segmented financial market causes discrimination against private enterprises and favoritism to state-owned firms. This biased financial system not only gives rise to capital misallocation across firms but also significantly pushes down the equilibrium interest rate in the formal financial market. The overly low interest rate in the formal financial market causes a rational bubble in a dynamically efficient economy. More importantly, the bubble improves capital allocation across firms by crowding out inefficient investment in the state-owned sector. Despite the role of improving capital allocation, bubbles may still reduce welfare by crowding out aggregate capital.     

我国货币政策的导向

货币政策是一国最重要的宏观调控手段之一。为了应对国际金融危机,近两年来我国采取了一揽子经济刺激计划,实施了积极的财政政策和货币政策。但随着大量信贷资金投入到经济建设中,通胀预期日趋明显。适时调整货币政策,保持国民经济平稳运行,是我国当前实施合理货币政策调控经济运行的明智手段。     

农民的收入差距与人力资本投资研究

收入差距会影响到人力资本投资,同时人力资本投资也会影响到收入差距的变化.在长期内,考虑到最低消费约束与投资成本,我国农民的人力资本投资存在着两个稳定均衡和一个非稳定均衡,这使得农民的人力资本差距和收入差距逐渐增大.由于收入差距对人力资本投资的影响,公共财政支出的增加不一定能消除贫困,使所有农民的人力资本投资都超过"最小临界门槛"才是最终解决贫困和收入分配问题的根本途径.     

人力资本投资结构及其对经济增长的影响——基于扩展MRW模型的内生增长理论与实证研究

本文针对已有的关于人力资本投资的理论研究往往只关注人力资本投资数量而忽视人力投资结构研究的现状,把教育和健康看作两种资本,分析了人力资本投资的具体构成形式。假设人力资本由教育资本和健康资本按照Cobb—Douglas生产技术形式组合生成。通过扩展Mankiw、Romer和Weil（1992）模型（简称MRW模型）,构建了一个新的内生经济增长模型。理论分析结果表明：人力资本投资结构制约着经济增长,人力资本积累和存量都对经济产生重要影响。最后文章以理论分析为基础构建计量经济模型,利用1978—2004年中国29个省、市、自治区的面板数据实证分析了人力资本的积累和存量以及教育资本和健康资本对中国经济增长的影响。实证结果表明较好地支持了本文的理论拓展分析。     

Productivity and technology in Nepal:: An analysis of foreign and domestic firms

This study uses plant level data from the census of manufacturing establishments to examine the production technology and labor productivity of foreign and domestic firms in Nepal. The results show that the capital intensity in foreign firms is higher than that in domestic firms. The statistical results also imply that foreign firms have higher labor productivity. A simultaneous equation model suggests that foreign firms are technically not more efficient than domestic firms. In fact, analysis indicates that foreign firms are technically less efficient. The foreign firms may have derived their competitiveness from capital intensive technology that is found to be one of the major factors to boost labor productivity.     

发展我国西部地区资本市场的对策建议

西部资本市场在我国资本市场中具有重要的地位,是我国资本市场的重要组成部分;西部地区资本市场的发展程度直接影响着我国资本市场的整体发展水平。本文分析了我国西部资本市场在西部大开发战略实施中的发展现状,并提出了促进其发展的具体建议。     

Quantitative history studies on China: State capacity,institutions, culture and human capital from prehistoric times to the present

Volumes of historical archives in China have been digitised, from which various datasets have been constructed for scholarly inquiry. Furthermore, the excavation of thousands of archaeological sites provided detailed data about prehistoric development across China's landmass. As a result, there has been remarkable progress in quantitative studies on China's past. This article reviews recent work in five theme areas to provide a background for the papers included in this special issue. These themes include state formation, Confucianism, human capital, Christian missionaries, and long-term persistence studies. The five papers in this issue fall into these themes and are introduced where appropriate.     

Brothers in distress: Revolving capital flows of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand

The paper examines hypothesized linkages between external borrowings and capital flights as presented in [Boyce, J. K. (1992). The revolving door? External debt and capital flight: Philippine case study. World Development, 20(3), 335–349]. The results for Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand show that large sums of capital flowed in and out of these economies in a revolving door fashion. The findings suggest the necessity for sound domestic management as well as effective international involvement in capital flows.